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Fabio Calefato Filippo Lanubile Tayana Conte Rafael Prikladnicki 《Empirical Software Engineering》2016,21(3):1002-1034
Communication in global software development is hindered by language differences in countries with a lack of English speaking professionals. Machine translation is a technology that uses software to translate from one natural language to another. The progress of machine translation systems has been steady in the last decade. As for now, machine translation technology is particularly appealing because it might be used, in the form of cross-language chat services, in countries that are entering into global software projects. However, despite the recent progress of the technology, we still lack a thorough understanding of how real-time machine translation affects communication. In this paper, we present a set of empirical studies with the goal of assessing to what extent real-time machine translation can be used in distributed, multilingual requirements meetings instead of English. Results suggest that, despite far from 100 % accurate, real-time machine translation is not disruptive of the conversation flow and, therefore, is accepted with favor by participants. However, stronger effects can be expected to emerge when language barriers are more critical. Our findings add to the evidence about the recent advances of machine translation technology and provide some guidance to global software engineering practitioners in regarding the losses and gains of using English as a lingua franca in multilingual group communication, as in the case of computer-mediated requirements meetings. 相似文献
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Damian D. Lanubile F. Mallardo T. 《IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence》2008,34(1):116-132
Achieving agreement with respect to software requirements is a collaborative process that traditionally relies on same-time, same-place interactions. As the trend toward geographically distributed software development continues, colocated meetings are becoming increasingly problematic. Our research investigates the impact of computer-mediated communication on the performance of distributed client/developer teams involved in the collaborative development of a requirements specification. Drawing on media-selection theories, we posit that a combination of lean and rich media is needed for an effective process of requirements negotiations when stakeholders are geographically dispersed. In this paper, we present an empirical study that investigates the performance of six educational global project teams involved in a negotiation process using both asynchronous text-based and synchronous videoconferencing-based communication modes. The findings indicate that requirement negotiations were more effective when the groups conducted asynchronous structured discussions of requirement issues prior to the synchronous negotiation meeting. Asynchronous discussions were useful in resolving issues related to uncertainty in requirements, thus allowing synchronous negotiations to focus more on removing ambiguities in the requirements. 相似文献
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Application frameworks are a powerful means to reduce software development costs while improving quality. However, at the same time they are difficult to select and understand, as well as hard to learn, use, and debug effectively and efficiently. In this paper we report the story of eConference, a distributed conferencing system that was developed as part of a broader research effort. Here we discuss the lessons learned from the evolution of our conferencing tool over four generations, which have been necessary to find good frameworks and build a flexible distributed tool. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Filippo Lanubile 《Empirical Software Engineering》1997,2(2):97-108
Technology evaluation is part of the decision-making process of any software organization. Unlike conventional wisdom, empirical
evaluation strives to avoid biased conclusions by relying on observation and looking for pitfalls in the evaluation process.
In this paper, we provide a summary of the maintenance studies presented in the session ‘Study and assessment of (new) technologies’
of the International Workshop on Empirical Studies of Software Maintenance (WESS '96), and also report on the working group
discussion which focused on common problems and open issues in the field of technology evaluation. These empirical studies
are then classified according to a multi-dimensional framework to synthesize the state of the research in technology evaluation
and ultimately discover interesting patterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The empirical investigation of Perspective-Based Reading 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
Victor R. Basili Scott Green Oliver Laitenberger Filippo Lanubile Forrest Shull Sivert Sørumgård Marvin V. Zelkowitz 《Empirical Software Engineering》1996,1(2):133-164
We consider reading techniques a fundamental means of achieving high quality software. Due to the lack of research in this area, we are experimenting with the application and comparison of various reading techniques. This paper deals with our experiences with a family of reading techniques known as Perspective-Based Reading (PBR), and its application to requirements documents. The goal of PBR is to provide operational scenarios where members of a review team read a document from a particular perspective, e.g., tester, developer, user. Our assumption is that the combination of different perspectives provides better coverage of the document, i.e., uncovers a wider range of defects, than the same number of readers using their usual technique.To test the effectiveness of PBR, we conducted a controlled experiment with professional software developers from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC) Software Engineering Laboratory (SEL). The subjects read two types of documents, one generic in nature and the other from the NASA domain, using two reading techniques, a PBR technique and their usual technique. The results from these experiments, as well as the experimental design, are presented and analyzed. Teams applying PBR are shown to achieve significantly better coverage of documents than teams that do not apply PBR.We thoroughly discuss the threats to validity so that external replications can benefit from the lessons learned and improve the experimental design if the constraints are different from those posed by subjects borrowed from a development organization. 相似文献
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Software reliability reflects a customer's view of the products we build and test, as it is usually measured in terms of failures experienced during regular system use. But our testing strategy is often based on early product measures, since we cannot measure failures until the software is placed in the field. The author shows us that such measurement is not effective at predicting the likely reliability of the delivered software. 相似文献
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Building knowledge through families of experiments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Basili V.R. Shull F. Lanubile F. 《IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence》1999,25(4):456-473
Experimentation in software engineering is necessary but difficult. One reason is that there are a large number of context variables and, so, creating a cohesive understanding of experimental results requires a mechanism for motivating studies and integrating results. It requires a community of researchers that can replicate studies, vary context variables, and build models that represent the common observations about the discipline. The paper discusses the experience of the authors, based upon a collection of experiments, in terms of a framework for organizing sets of related studies. With such a framework, experiments can be viewed as part of common families of studies, rather than being isolated events. Common families of studies can contribute to important and relevant hypotheses that may not be suggested by individual experiments. A framework also facilitates building knowledge in an incremental manner through the replication of experiments within families of studies. To support the framework, the paper discusses the experiences of the authors in carrying out empirical studies, with specific emphasis on persistent problems encountered in experimental design, threats to validity, criteria for evaluation, and execution of experiments in the domain of software engineering 相似文献
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Agustina Buccella Alejandra Cechich Domenico Gendarmi Filippo Lanubile Giovanni Semeraro Attilio Colagrossi 《New Generation Computing》2010,28(1):41-71
The combination of the use of advanced Information and Communication Technology, especially the Internet, to enable new ways
of working, with the enhanced provision of information and interactive services accessible over different channels, is the
foundation of a new family of information systems. Particularly, this information explosion on the Web, which threatens our
ability to manage information, has affected the geographic information systems. Interoperability is a key word here, since
it means, an increasing level of cooperation between information sources on national, regional and local levels; and requires
new methods to develop interoperable geographic systems. In this paper, an ontology-driven system (GeoMergeP) is described
for the semantic integration of geographic information sources. Particularly, we focus on how ontology matching can be enriched
through the use of standards for implementing a semi-automatic matching approach. Then, the requirements and steps of the
system are illustrated on the ISPRA (Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research) case study. Our preliminary
results show that ontology matching can be improved; helping interoperating systems increase reliability of exchanged and
shared information. 相似文献
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Pierfrancesco Fusaro Filippo Lanubile Giuseppe Visaggio 《Empirical Software Engineering》1997,2(1):39-57
This paper presents the independent replication of a controlled experiment which compared three defect detection techniques (Ad Hoc, Checklist, and Defect-based Scenario) for software requirements inspections, and evaluated the benefits of collection meetings after individual reviews. The results of our replication were partially different from those of the original experiment. Unlike the original experiment, we did not find any empirical evidence of better performance when using scenarios. To explain these negative findings we provide a list of hypotheses. On the other hand, the replication confirmed one result of the original experiment: the defect detection rate is not improved by collection meetings.The independent replication was made possible by the existence of an experimental kit provided by the original investigators. We discuss what difficulties we encountered in applying the package to our environment, as a result of different cultures and skills. Using our results, experience and suggestions, other researchers will be able to improve the original experimental design before attempting further replications. 相似文献