Cardioinotropic Effects in Subchronic Intoxication of Rats with Lead and/or Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles

Subchronic intoxication was induced in outbred male rats by repeated intraperitoneal injections with lead oxide (PbO) and/or cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles (NPs) 3 times a week during 6 weeks for the purpose of examining its effects on the contractile characteristics of isolated right ventricle trabeculae and papillary muscles in isometric and afterload contractions. Isolated and combined intoxication with these NPs was observed to reduce the mechanical work produced by both types of myocardial preparation. Using the in vitro motility assay, we showed that the sliding velocity of regulated thin filaments drops under both isolated and combined intoxication with CdO–NP and PbO–NP. These results correlate with a shift in the expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms towards slowly cycling β–MHC. The type of CdO–NP + PbO–NP combined cardiotoxicity depends on the effect of the toxic impact, the extent of this effect, the ratio of toxicant doses, and the degree of stretching of cardiomyocytes and muscle type studied. Some indices of combined Pb–NP and CdO–NP cardiotoxicity and general toxicity (genotoxicity included) became fully or partly normalized if intoxication developed against background administration of a bioprotective complex.     

Biological activity of the human skin studied by method of speckle counting

Experimental data on the real-time dynamics of speckles related to biological processes in the human skin are presented.     

Estimating the reliability of quality test results after operations for industrial items

Procedures are examined for monitoring items after operations by means of sensors of electrocontact type. Statistical models are considered for tests on various monitoring results for the limiting deviations of component sizes on the basis of analysis of the numerical characteristics of the experimental data. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 8, pp. 18–21, August, 2007.     

Bronchospasm, a sign revealing pulmonary embolism

A papillary adenoma with malignant change consisting of only Paneth cells and their precursors is described. Neoplastic proliferation of Paneth cells is discussed from a point of view of cell biology.     

Analysis of spectral turbulence in two-phase flows

The degeneration of the lattice turbulence in two-phase flows and the behavior of the spectrum in the space of wave numbers are analyzed on the basis of a numerical solution of the dynamic equation for the spectral function of turbulence energy.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp. 902–906, December, 1988.     

Error in determination of the number of parts by means of computing scales

Measurement errors using computing weighing scales in the number of parts due to nonhomogeneity of the parts according to the weight are analyzed. The procedure is illustrated by means of data of a specific statistical experiment. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 3, pp. 15–18, March, 1998.