Object-based hyperspectral image classification using a new latent block model based on hidden Markov random fields

Pattern Analysis and Applications - Efficient high-dimensional analyses of hyperspectral datasets and their utilization within classification algorithms is a popular topic in the field of data...     

Design of bandpass–bandpass diplexers using rectangular-, T-, and L-shaped resonators for hybrid power amplifier and 5G applications

Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing - In this paper, two bandpass–bandpass diplexers, based on L-, T- and rectangular-shaped resonators are designed and analyzed, which are used...     

An alternative gibbs-duhem method for the calculation of activities from the redox data for iron oxide in ternary oxide systems

An alternative approach is presented in this article for the calculation of the activity of FeO, Fe₂O₃, and the other component in ternary oxide slags when the redox behavior of iron oxides is known. The approach avoids the use of the “tangent intercepts” to the iso-oxygen activity curves as required in Schuhmann's method. Favorable comparisons were obtained for the systems of FeO-Fe₂O₃-CaO and FeO-Fe₂O₃-SiO₂ between the isoactivity curves derived using this method and those established in previous work using Schuhmann's method. Direct calculation of the free energy of mixing from the redox data is also possible. An example is given for the FeO-Fe₂O₂-CaO system.     

The equilibrium partitioning of titanium between Ti3+ and Ti4+ valency states in CaO-SiO2-TiO x slags

The redox behavior of titanium in CaO-SiO₂-TiO _x melts was investigated using a slag-gas equilibrium technique. Titanium partitioning between Ti³⁺ and Ti⁴⁺ valency states and the ratio of activity coefficients of TiO_1.5 and TiO₂ were determined as functions of oxygen partial pressure, temperature, and slag composition. The equilibrium experiments were carried out at temperatures between 1783 and 1903 K under CO-CO₂-Ar gas atmosphere with oxygen partial pressure ranging from 10⁻¹² to 10⁻⁷ atm (1.01×10⁻¹⁰ kPa to 1.01×10⁻⁵ kPa). The slags had CaO/SiO₂ ratios between 0.55 and 1.35 and total titanium oxide concentrations from 7 to 50 mass pct. Experimental results showed that the Ti³⁺/Ti⁴⁺ ratio in CaO-SiO₂-TiO _x slags, containing up to 50 mass pct TiO _x , increased with decreasing oxygen partial pressure and decreased with increasing CaO/SiO₂ ratio and decreasing temperature. Measured variation of the redox ratio Ti³⁺/Ti⁴⁺ with oxygen partial pressure closely followed the ideal behavior. Increasing the CaO/SiO₂ ratio increased the ratio of activity coefficients of TiO_1.5 and TiO₂. The effect of total titania content on this ratio was more complex and in accord with Raman spectroscopy data.     

On the maximal achievable accuracy in nonlinear filtering problems

The optimal filtering error for a class of nonlinear cone-bounded filtering problems is analyzed for the case of observation noise intensity tending to zero. A sufficient condition for the resulting optimal error covariance matrix to tend to zero is derived by relating the nonlinear filtering problems to linear ones. The results are specialized for the case of nonlinear autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) processes     

Fabrication of a biocompatible flexible electroosmosis micropump

In in-vivo microsystems, one of the components is a biocompatible micropump in order to produce the necessary force to deliver the fluid from the inlet to the outlet. In this contribution, a flexible micropump is fabricated which is aimed to be suitable in drug delivery applications. It provides high degree of biocompatibility, since the only employed materials are implantation grade polydimethylsiloxane elastomer and gold for the electrical interconnects. The working principle of the micropump is based on transverse DC electroosmosis which is a new variant of conventionally applied high voltage DC electroosmosis. This new technique is based on topography irregularities introduced in the channel resulting in a non-uniform charge distribution. The advantage is to drive the micropump using a relatively low DC voltage of 10 V while getting an effective flow speed of 60 μm/s. In order to characterize the flow speed, dyed 3 μm beads are dispersed in the working fluid and their speed is measured by the line scanning technique using a confocal microscope. It is also observed that the flow has a helical profile which is an attractive feature for an efficient micro-mixer in active microfluidics and μ-TAS applications.     

Multicast routing protocols in wireless mesh networks: a survey

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) introduce a new type of network that has been applied over the last few years. One of the most important developing issues in WMNs is multicast routing, which is a key technology that provides dissemination of data to a group of members in an efficient way. In this article, after an introduction about the structure of a WMN, multicast routing algorithms and protocols in WMNs are surveyed in a detailed and efficient manner. Moreover, effort is made to scale the study into one of the important potential capabilities of multicast routing mechanisms in WMNs, which is taking advantage of using different channels and radios association. While nodes in a single-radio mesh network operating on single-channel have restrictions for capacity, equipping mesh routers with multiple radios using multiple channels can decrease the intention of capacity problem as well as increase the aggregate bandwidth available to the network and improving the throughput. Hence, the purpose of channel assignment is to decrease the interferences while increasing the network capacity and keeping the connectivity of the network. Therefore, this article investigates the multicast protocols considering a definition of three types of WMNs, based on channel-radio association including SRSC, SRMC and MRMC. In its follow, a classification for multicast routing algorithms regarding the achieved optimal solutions will be presented. Finally, a study of MRMC and its relevant problems will be offered, considering the joint channel assignment and the multicast tree construction problem.     

Improved extra group network: a new fault-tolerant multistage interconnection network

Supersystems are shown to provide enough computational power to solve complex problems on a real-time basis. In all these systems, the computational parallelism is obtained from multiple processors. Multistage interconnection networks (MINs) play a vital role on the performance of these multiprocessor systems. This paper introduces a new fault-tolerant MIN named as improved extra group network (IEGN). IEGN is designed by existing extra group (EGN) network, which is a regular multipath network with limited fault tolerance. IEGN provides four times more paths between any source–destination pairs compared with EGN. The performance of IEGN has been evaluated in terms of permutation capability, fault tolerance, reliability, path length, and cost. It has also been proved that the IEGN can achieve better results in terms of fault tolerance, reliability, path length and cost-effectiveness, in comparison to known networks, namely, EGN, augmented baseline network, augmented shuffle-exchange network, fault-tolerant double tree, Benes network, and Replicated MIN.     

Removal of iron from milk of lime to produce pure precipitated calcium carbonate

ABSTRACT

Milk of lime (MOL) suspension is widely utilized in many industries; however, in some of the applications, such as the production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), the suspension must be of high purity and quality. In other words, the amounts of iron and magnesium should be so little so that the final PCC product would be of high quality. The effects of initial temperature, quicklime particle size, amount of initial solid present, agitation rate, and time on the recovery of hydrated lime and iron/magnesium reduction efficiency were investigated through a central composite design (CCD) of experiments. The iron reduction efficiency and the weight recovery of hydrated lime were obtained as 91% and 98.5%, respectively. The reduction of magnesium was not significant in this stage. Moreover, approximately the whole existing SiO₂ was eliminated.     

F-LEACH: a fuzzy-based data aggregation scheme for healthcare IoT systems

The Journal of Supercomputing - Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm that consists of numerous connected and interrelated devices with embedded sensors, exchanging data with each other...