Effect of freezing treatments and yeast amount on sensory and physical properties of sweet bakery products

The frozen bakery market has grown significantly in developed countries over the past decade.     

Modeling Incomplete Knowledge of Semantic Web Using Bayesian Networks

ABSTRACT

Interoperable ontologies already exist in the biomedical field, enabling scientists to communicate with minimum ambiguity. Unfortunately, ontology languages, in the semantic web, such as OWL and RDF(S), are based on crisp logic and thus they cannot handle uncertain knowledge about an application field, which is unsuitable for the medical domain. In this paper, we focus on modeling incomplete knowledge in the classical OWL ontologies, using Bayesian networks, all keeping the semantic of the first ontology, and applying algorithms dedicated to learn parameters of Bayesian networks in order to generate the Bayesian networks. We use EM algorithm for learning conditional probability tables of different nodes of Bayesian network automatically, contrary to different tools of Bayesian networks where probabilities are inserted manually. To validate our work, we have applied our model on the diagnosis of liver cancer using classical ontology containing incomplete instances, in order to handle medical uncertain knowledge, for predicting a liver cancer.     

NARP-HPLC/MS and silver cationization fingerprinting of triacylglycerols in wild and cultivar Tunisian peanut kernels

A simple strategy to identify triacylglycerols (TAGs) in wild and cultivar peanuts was performed using on line coupling of non-aqueous reversed phase chromatography-electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (NARP-LC-ESI–MS) with silver nitrate (AgNO₃) as a post-column additive. The combination of the structural information given by MS with chromatographic retention laws led to the determination of the structure of TAGs in wild and cultivar peanut oil. In addition, by using the MS⁵ method, the regio-specificity of the TAGs was determined. It was also demonstrated that in Tunisian peanut oil, the saturates have a preference for the sn-1/sn-3 position for the arachidonic and behenic acids. In the wild variety fatty acids with odd numbers of carbons were found and more TAGs were identified in comparison to the cultivar peanut oil.     

Thermal performance study of a vacuum integrated solar storage collector (ISSC) with compound parabolic concentrator (CPC)

This paper deals with the energy performance of a new integrated solar storage collector (ISSC) with compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) conceived in the Thermal Process Laboratory in CRTEn Borj Cedria (North of Tunisia). The novelty in this system is the use of transparent vacuum insulation in the annulus between double half-Cylindrical Plexiglass, and the use of automated nocturnal insulation system, which suppresses heat loss during night. Also, the system is equipped with a mobile support permitting to have many collector orientations toward south, east-south, and west-south in order to maximize the incident solar flux. The experimental study of the ISSC system showed that the thermal loss coefficient of ISSC system is equal to 6.16 W/K for ISSC without nocturnal insulation and without vacuum, 4.69W/K for ISSC without nocturnal insulation and with vacuum, and 4.00 W/K for ISSC with nocturnal insulation and with vacuum. The thermal efficiency of the solar collector is equal to 42.92% for ISSC system fixed without vacuum, 45.95% for ISSC system fixed with vacuum, and 50.56% for ISSC system mobile with vacuum. In order to determine the long-term performance of the vacuum ISSC with CPC, the TRNSYS simulations were carried out by using the component modules modeling the ISSC with CPC concentrator (type 74 and type 60f). Comparison between experimental and predicted results for the temperature difference inside the storage tank during 3 days of January showed reasonable agreement. The numerical results for the ISSC system showed that the annual total energy collected (solar) and auxiliary energy were about 4670 and 1561 MJ, respectively. The annual total auxiliary energy represents about 33.4% of the annual total energy collected (solar). During the summer months (June, July, and August), no auxiliary is needed and the solar fraction (SF) is equal to 100%, where as the annual average SF is about 75%.     

Reconfigurable dual-band circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna for wireless applications

A new design of reconfigurable single-feed circular patch microstrip antenna for dual-band circular polarization application is proposed. The dual-band functionality is realized through incorporating cross-slots of equal slot length in the circular patch and utilizing two PIN diodes to switch the slots on or off. A pairs of tuning stubs are used to tune the circular polarization performance. The design process is presented and good results were obtained.     

A correlation between Malva sylvestris extracts molecules and their corrosion inhibition capabilities

Experimental and quantum chemical investigations have been coupled in order to determine anticorrosion potential of Malva sylvestris extract molecules. The plant extract is a mixture of chemicals of which only four are abundant. Two groups of molecules are evidenced using quantum chemical parameters. The electrochemical investigation has classified the plant extract as a mixed-type inhibitor. The %EI has been only 54.5% due to antagonistic effects of the extract molecules.     

铁/聚氯乙烯高能球磨的穆斯堡尔谱研究

用高能球磨法制备了铁 /聚氯乙烯 (PVC)纳米复合材料。穆斯堡尔谱学 (MS)用来测量复合材料中铁化合物的组分和铁的价态 ,结果表明复合材料中存在二价铁 (FeCl2 ·H2 O)、三价铁 ,还有界面谱垒加在原有的铁的六线谱上     

Importance of refractoriness heterogeneity in the enhanced vulnerability to atrial fibrillation induction caused by tachycardia-induced atrial electrical remodeling

BACKGROUND: Rapid atrial activation causes electrical remodeling that promotes the occurrence and the maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). Although remodeling has been shown to alter electrophysiological variables, the spatial uniformity of these changes is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: Dogs subjected to rapid atrial pacing (400 bpm) for 24 hours (n=12) were compared with sham-operated dogs (instrumented but not paced, n=12). Epicardial mapping (240 bipolar electrodes) and extrastimulation at a large number of sites (mean+/-SEM, 66+/-4 per dog) were used to evaluate atrial activation and the heterogeneity of the effective refractory period (ERP), respectively. Rapid pacing increased both the percentage of sites at which AF could be induced by single premature stimuli (from 2.6+/-0.9% to 11.8+/-2.8%, P=0.007) and AF duration (from 39+/-28 to 146+/-49 seconds, P=0.03). Atrial tachycardia decreased atrial ERP (from 120+/-4 to 103+/-2 ms, P=0.003), increased the coefficient of variation of ERP (from 14.9+/-0.9% to 20.7+/-0.9%, P<0.0001), and accelerated conduction velocity (from 91+/-2 to 108+/-3 cm/s, P=0.0004), with no change in the wavelength. The increase in ERP heterogeneity was due both to interregional differences in the extent of ERP remodeling and to increased intersite variability within regions. Stepwise multilinear regression indicated that ERP heterogeneity was an independent determinant of the inducibility (P<0.0001) and duration (P<0.0001) of AF, whereas ERP per se and wavelength were not significant determinants. Combined mapping of AF induction and atrial ERP showed that premature extrastimuli induced AF at sites with short ERP by causing local conduction slowing and/or block in adjacent zones with longer ERP values. CONCLUSIONS: Atrial tachycardia causes nonuniform remodeling of atrial refractoriness that plays an important role in increasing atrial vulnerability to AF induction and the duration of induced AF.