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排序方式: 共有727条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Pinpoint injection of microtools for minimally invasive micromanipulation of microbe by laser trap 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
F. Arai H. Maruyama T. Sakami A. Ichikawa T. Fukuda 《Mechatronics, IEEE/ASME Transactions on》2003,8(1):3-9
This paper reports transportation of the target microbe by the laser trapped microtools with minimum laser irradiation to the target. The size of a microtool (MT) is around micrometer. The MTs are manipulated by the focused laser under the microscope to manipulate the target microbe. Here we propose a pinpoint injection method of MTs at the desired location in the microchamber, which is filled with liquid. At first, we classified the injection method of the MTs in four categories. Here we employed a new method to install the MTs inside the microchamber. We developed a MT holding chip to install the MTs. The MTs were injected in the microchamber, and were manipulated successfully by the laser scanning micromanipulator to transport the target microbe for separation. The proposed method is useful for the pinpoint injection of MTs and separation by the indirect micromanipulation. 相似文献
2.
Naoki Ichikawa Peter M. -Y. Chung Sohei Matsumoto Jun-ichi Matsumoto Naoki Takada 《Microgravity science and technology》2007,19(3-4):35-37
Ultrasound was applied to a micropipette micromixer to improve dispersion of gas and liquid in a microchannel. Flow visualization using a high-speed camera was performed to examine the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on bubble generation in the microchannel. Basically, nitrogen gas was injected using a (0.5 µm ID) glass micropipette into ethanol flowing in a rectangular (100 µm×200 µm) microchannel on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Gas and liquid flow rates were regulated using mass flow controllers. At aflow condition that is typical of bubbly flow, ultrasound was transmitted into the microchannel using a piezo-electric (PZT) transducer over a range of operating voltages (2 to 200 Vp-p) and frequencies (50 to 60 kHz). Images captured during the action of the PZT transducer indicate that bubble formation is influenced by ultrasound. When subjected to ultrasound above 50 Vp-p and at the resonant frequency of the PZT transducer, bubbles formed that were smaller and closer together, signifying enhanced shearing of the gas at the micropipette tip by the liquid. The observation of gas slugs occurring sooner might be attributed to the coalescence of gas bubbles that became closely spaced. 相似文献
3.
M Suda K Tanaka K Natsui T Usui I Tanaka M Fukushima C Shigeno J Konishi S Narumiya A Ichikawa N Nakao 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,137(5):1698-1705
PGE2 is one of the key molecules in the osteoblast. It is the major prostanoid in the bone, and its production is under the control of both systemic and local factors. PGE2 has been reported to have multiple actions in the osteoblast, such as growth promotion and cell differentiation. To better understand the action of PGE2 in the osteoblast, we determined the PGE receptor subtypes in MC3T3-E1, an osteoblastic cell line derived from the normal mouse calvaria. Northern blot analysis revealed that EP1 and EP4 subtypes are expressed in MC3T3-E1. In contrast, EP3 subtype was not detected by either Northern blot analysis or RT-PCR. The contribution of each subtype was evaluated by studying the effects of subtype-specific analogs on osteoblastic function at confluency and 5 days after confluency. An EP1 agonist, 17-phenyl-omega-trinor PGE2, increased DNA synthesis and decreased alkaline phosphatase activity. 11-Deoxy-PGE1, and EP2 and EP4 agonist, decreased DNA synthesis and increased alkaline phosphatase activity at both stages. Butaprost, an EP2-selective agonist, showed effects similar to those of 11-deoxy-PGE1 only at confluency. Another and more differentiated osteoblastic marker, osteocalcin production, was detectable and was stimulated by 11-deoxy-PGE1 only 5 days after confluency. The exposure of these cells to EP1 agonist changed the cell shape to a more fibroblastic appearance. These results indicate that EP1, EP4, and probably EP2 are present in MC3T3-E1 cells; EP1 promotes cell growth, and EP2 and EP4 mediate differentiation of the osteoblast. Furthermore, the decreased response to EP2-specific agonist 5 days after confluency suggests that the expression of PGE receptor subtype is dependent on the stage of osteoblastic differentiation. This is the first report to determine PGE receptor subtypes in the bone. 相似文献
4.
Sixiong Han Yasuaki Ichikawa 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》1995,38(24):4081-4100
In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed for the problem of the scattering of plane waves in a three-dimensional cracked materials. Instead of obtaining closed-form solutions as in conventional theoretical analysis methods, this approach, called the Equivalent Nodal Force (ENF) method formulates the mechanical effects of cracks as an equivalent nodal force in a numerical procedure, and physically translates cracked material into an equivalent continuous one. Several mechanical relations between waves and cracks are evident from this method. Also the results of several numerical calculations are presented and these are compared with those obtained by the conventional methods. 相似文献
5.
As the cationic component of natural polymer polyionic complexes, polysaccharide chitosan or polypeptide polylysine, and as the anionic component, polysaccharide carboxymethyl cellulose (=CMC) or polypeptide poly(glutamic acid) (PGA) were used. The degree of chitosan/CMC or polylysine/PGA complex film swelling was minimum, when the amounts of the cationic and anionic groups in these polymers were balanced at 1 : 1 ratio. On the other hand, the degree of chitosan/PGA film swelling was minimum at the ratio with excess of PGA which is a linear flexible chain. Comparing the enthalpies estimated by DSC analysis, it was suggested that the larger quantity of water in the form of nonfreezable bound water was absorbed in the complex films with polysaccharide which is a chain of ring structure. Further, the compressive moduli of swollen complex films were high, when the complex consisted of polysaccharide components. 相似文献
6.
Akitoshi Iwata Shinji Ichikawa Mutuwo Tomita Shinji Doki Shigeru Okuma 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2006,155(3):62-69
This paper presents a novel on‐line parameter identification method for sensorless control of Synchronous Reluctance Motors (SynRMs). Although conventional sensorless control methods based on mathematical models usually need some complex measurements of motor parameters in advance, the proposed identification method does not require them and can be realized on‐line. The proposed method identifies motor parameters under sensorless control, so rotor position and velocity cannot be used to identify these parameters. However, the proposed method does not need rotor position and velocity, and identified parameters are not affected by these estimation errors. The sensorless control using identified motor parameters is realized, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(3): 62–69, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20258 相似文献
7.
The metal contact method of rapid freezing is greatly improved by irradiating the specimen with microwaves at 2.45 GHz for a short period of time (50 ms), while pushing the specimen onto the surface of the copper block cooled by liquid N2. The microwave irradiation, together with two technical improvements (a light-mass plunger and a recently developed β-gel shock absorber) for preventing bounce, produces a good freezing zone for squid retina, with high reproducibility for each experimental trial, extending from the contact surface to a depth of about 15 μm, which is comparable to the depth obtained by the metal contact method using liquid He in the absence of microwave irradiation. A good freezing zone was also experimentally demonstrated in specimens of rat liver and heart muscle. Microwave irradiation does not have appreciable effects on the ultrastructure of squid retina. The mechanism underlying the improvement in the rapid freezing under the microwave irradiation is discussed. 相似文献
8.
Tetsuya Murai Yoshiharu Sato Germano Resconi Michinori Nakata 《Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science》2003,82(4):186
The concept of granular computing is applied to Aristotle's categorical syllogism. Such kind of reasoning is called granular reasoning in this paper. For the purpose, two operations called zooming in & out are introduced to reconstruct granules of possible worlds. 相似文献
9.
10.
M Mitani Y Yokoyama S Ichikawa H Sawada T Matsumoto K Fujimori M Kosugi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,9(6):355-361
The chemiluminescence of the Cypridina luciferin analogue, 2-methyl-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin++ +-3-one (MCLA) was observed at 462 nm in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and the total spectrum of light emitted was found to depend linearly on HRP concentration. Methods for the determination of HRP concentration using the chemiluminescence was investigated. HRP could be detected in the range from 100 pmol/L to 100 nmol/L under the optimum condition, H2O2 (10 mmol/L) and MCLA (10 mumol/L) at pH 5.8. 相似文献