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Raffael Ott Xenia Pawlow Andreas Weiß Anna Hofelich Melanie Herbst Nadine Hummel Cornelia Prehn Jerzy Adamski Werner Rmisch-Margl Gabi Kastenmüller Anette-G. Ziegler Sandra Hummel 《International journal of molecular sciences》2020,21(24)
Shared metabolomic patterns at delivery have been suggested to underlie the mother-to-child transmission of adverse metabolic health. This study aimed to investigate whether mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their offspring show similar metabolomic patterns several years postpartum. Targeted metabolomics (including 137 metabolites) was performed in plasma samples obtained during an oral glucose tolerance test from 48 mothers with GDM and their offspring at a cross-sectional study visit 8 years after delivery. Partial Pearson’s correlations between the area under the curve (AUC) of maternal and offspring metabolites were calculated, yielding so-called Gaussian graphical models. Spearman’s correlations were applied to investigate correlations of body mass index (BMI), Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI-M), dietary intake, and physical activity between generations, and correlations of metabolite AUCs with lifestyle variables. This study revealed that BMI, ISI-M, and the AUC of six metabolites (carnitine, taurine, proline, SM(-OH) C14:1, creatinine, and PC ae C34:3) were significantly correlated between mothers and offspring several years postpartum. Intergenerational metabolite correlations were independent of shared BMI, ISI-M, age, sex, and all other metabolites. Furthermore, creatinine was correlated with physical activity in mothers. This study suggests that there is long-term metabolic programming in the offspring of mothers with GDM and informs us about targets that could be addressed by future intervention studies. 相似文献
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Alinda Samsuri Mohd Nor Latif Mohd Razali Shamsuddin Fairous Salleh Maratun Najiha Abu Tahari Tengku Shafazila Tengku Saharuddin Norliza Dzakaria Mohd Ambar Yarmo 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(48):24831-24844
Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) analysis was applied to investigate the chemical reduction progression behavior of molybdenum oxide (MoO3) catalyst. The composition and morphology of the reduced phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The reduction progression of MoO3 catalyst was attained with different reductant types and concentration (10% H2/N2, 10% and 20% CO/N2 (%, v/v)). Two different modes of reduction process were applied. The first approach of reduction involved non-isothermal mode reduction up to 700 °C, while the second approach of reduction involved the isothermal mode reduction for 60 min at 700 °C. Hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR) results showed the reduction progression of three-stage reduction of MoO3 (Mo6+ → Mo5+ → Mo4+ → Mo0) with Mo5+ and Mo4+. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of Mo4O11 phase as an intermediate phase followed by MoO2 phase. After 60 min of isothermal reduction, peaks of metallic molybdenum (Mo) appeared. Whereas, FESEM analysis showed porous crater-like structure on the surface cracks of MoO2 layer which led to the growth of Mo phase. Meanwhile, the reduction of MoO3 catalyst in 10% carbon monoxide (CO) showed the formation of unstable intermediate phase of Mo9O26 at the early stage of reduction. Furthermore, by increasing 20% CO led to the carburization of MoO2 phase, resulted in the formation of Mo2C rather than the formation of metallic Mo, as confirmed by XPS analysis. Therefore, the presented study shows that hydrogen gave better reducibility due to smaller molecular size, which contributed to high diffusion rate and achieved deeper penetration into the MoO3 catalyst compared to carbon monoxide reductant. Hence, the reduction of MoO3 in carbon monoxide atmosphere promoted the formation of Mo2C which was in agreement with the thermodynamic assessment. 相似文献
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Elias G. Abu‐Saba William M. McGinley Raymond C. Montgomery 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1991,4(4):347-354
As the manned exploration of space continues, many complex structural components are being developed to construct the orbital platforms that will be used to house communication hardware, personnel, and manufacturing complexes. These components are extremely flexible and complex in their behavior. There is a need for a simple method for determining the dynamic characteristics of these space structures with a minimum of effort. A mathematical model of one of these structural elements, an articulating truss beam, has been developed to predict its dynamic response. Assumptions of the force interaction between the beam elements and the joints have been made for using this model. Algorithms are provided to determine the flexibility matrix of the truss beam for use in the equation of motion. The natural frequencies obtained from using this method are compared with those obtained by the finite element method. An experimental procedure is planned to validate the results from the theoretical method. 相似文献
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Jin B. Ong Osama K. Eyada PhD PE Abu S. Masud PhD PE 《Computers & Industrial Engineering》1989,17(1-4):85-89
This paper presents a Knowledge-based system (KBS) developed to allow users, who may not be knowledgeable about sensors, to select sensors suitable for their specific needs. The KBS runs on a micro-computer. The selection criteria are user specified and are based on the desired measurement parameters. The system output includes all of the operational and dimensional parameters of the recommended sensor, price, and vendor information. 相似文献
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Simple pseudo-steady state relations between the hydraulic and nozzle pressures of an injection molding machine were presented and verified experimentally. A simulation study was performed to evaluate the performance of simple controllers using dynamic models developed for the hydraulic and nozzle pressures. The controllers chosen were the discrete proportional, proportional-integral (PI), and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) types, tuned according to the ITAE criterion. The control of hydraulic pressure simulation showed that the PI controller had the best overall performance, whereas the result of nozzle pressure control loop simulation showed that the PID controller performance was better than that of the PI controller. All the controllers, in both loops, gave responses that were about an order of magnitude more rapid than the open loop response. 相似文献
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Hypothermia induced by surface cooling has shown to protect vulnerable regions of the brain during an ischemic insult. This study evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of neurotensin, a potent hypothermic agent, using a 5-min carotid occlusion procedure in the gerbil. In Experiment 1, the dose-response and time course of neurotensin-induced hypothermia were evaluated (n = 5/dose). Central infusion of 10, 20, and 30 micrograms neurotensin were found to significantly decrease core body temperature of conscious gerbils within 30 min of administration. In Experiment 2, gerbils pretreated with 30 micrograms neurotensin were permitted to become hypothermic or were maintained at 37 degrees-38 degrees C (rectal) during ischemic insult. Other gerbils were pretreated with peptide vehicle prior to ischemic insult (at 37 degrees -38 degrees C) or underwent a sham procedure (n = 6/condition). At 24 h after surgery, gerbils were tested for increased locomotor activity in an open-field apparatus. Gerbils pretreated with peptide vehicle or neurotensin and maintained at 37 degrees-38 degrees C during ischemia had significantly higher activity levels compared to the other treated groups. In contrast, gerbils made hypothermic with neurotensin exhibited activity levels similar to sham gerbils. Histological assessment revealed that neurotensin-induced hypothermia protected the CA1 region from ischemic damage. 相似文献
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