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排序方式: 共有66条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
A new sense for depth of field 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
This paper examines a novel source of depth information: focal gradients resulting from the limited depth of field inherent in most optical systems. Previously, autofocus schemes have used depth of field to measured depth by searching for the lens setting that gives the best focus, repeating this search separately for each image point. This search is unnecessary, for there is a smooth gradient of focus as a function of depth. By measuring the amount of defocus, therefore, we can estimate depth simultaneously at all points, using only one or two images. It is proved that this source of information can be used to make reliable depth maps of useful accuracy with relatively minimal computation. Experiments with realistic imagery show that measurement of these optical gradients can provide depth information roughly comparable to stereo disparity or motion parallax, while avoiding image-to-image matching problems. 相似文献
2.
Local shading analysis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Local analysis of image shading, in the absence of prior knowledge about the viewed scene, may be used to provide information about the scene. The following has been proved. Every image point has the same image intensity and first and second derivatives as the image of some point on a Lambertian surface with principal curvatures of equal magnitude. Further, if the principal curvatures are assumed to be equal there is a unique combination of image formation parameters (up to a mirror reversal) that will produce a particular set of image intensity and first and second derivatives. A solution for the unique combination of surface orientation, etc., is presented. This solution has been extended to natural imagery by using general position and regional constraints to obtain estimates of the following: ? surface orientation at each image point; ? the qualitative type of the surface, i.e., whether the surface is planar, cylindrical, convex, concave, or saddle; ? the illuminant direction within a region. Algorithms to recover illuminant direction and estimate surface orientation have been evaluated on both natural and synthesized images, and have been found to produce useful information about the scene. 相似文献
3.
Fractal-based description of natural scenes 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
4.
Dineshbabu Jayagopi Taemie Kim Alex Pentland Daniel Gatica-Perez 《Multimedia Systems》2012,18(1):3-14
Recognizing the conversational context in which group interactions unfold has applications in machines that support collaborative
work and perform automatic social inference using contextual knowledge. This paper addresses the task of discriminating one
conversational context from another, specifically brainstorming from decision-making interactions, using easily computable
nonverbal behavioral cues. Privacy-sensitive mobile sociometers are used to record the interaction data. We hypothesize that
the difference in the conversational dynamics between brainstorming and decision-making discussions is significant and measurable
using speaking activity-based nonverbal cues. We characterize the communication patterns of the entire group by the aggregation
(both temporal and person-wise) of their nonverbal behavior. The results on our interaction data set show that the floor-occupation
patterns in a brainstorming interaction are different from a decision-making interaction, and our method can obtain a classification
accuracy as high as 87.5%. 相似文献
5.
Social serendipity: mobilizing social software 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Many mobile devices incorporate low-power wireless connectivity protocols, such as Bluetooth, that can be used to identify an individual to other people nearby. We have developed an architecture that leverages this functionality in mobile phones - originally designed for communication at a distance - to connect people across the room. Serendipity is an application of the architecture. It combines the existing communications infrastructure with online introduction systems' functionality to facilitate interactions between physically proximate people through a centralized server. A new mobile-phone-based system uses Bluetooth hardware addresses and a database of user profiles to cue informal, face-to-face interactions between nearby users who don't know each other, but probably should. 相似文献
6.
Modern wearable computer designs package workstation-level performance in systems small enough to be worn as clothing. These machines enable technology to be brought where it is needed most for the handicapped: everyday mobile environments. This paper describes a research effort to make a wearable computer that can recognise (with the possible goal of translating) sentence-level American Sign Language (ASL) using only a baseball cap mounted camera for input. Current accuracy exceeds 97% per word on a 40-word lexicon. 相似文献
7.
Mulders Dounia de Bodt Cyril Bjelland Johannes Pentland Alex Verleysen Michel de Montjoye Yves-Alexandre 《Neural computing & applications》2020,32(24):18023-18043
Neural Computing and Applications - Social networks are known to be assortative with respect to many attributes, such as age, weight, wealth, level of education, ethnicity and gender: Similar... 相似文献
8.
Linear shape from shading 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
Alex P. Pentland 《International Journal of Computer Vision》1990,4(2):153-162
In many situations the reflectance function of a surface is approximately linear, and there is an effielent closed-form solution to the shape-from-shading problem. When boundary conditions (e.g., edges, singular points) are not available, good estimates of shape may still be extracted by using the assumption of general viewing position. An improved method for estimating the illuminant direction is also presented. 相似文献
9.
3-D shape recovery using distributed aspect matching 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dickinson S.J. Pentland A.P. Rosenfeld A. 《IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence》1992,14(2):174-198
An approach to the recovery of 3-D volumetric primitives from a single 2-D image is presented. The approach first takes a set of 3-D volumetric modeling primitives and generates a hierarchical aspect representation based on the projected surfaces of the primitives; conditional probabilities capture the ambiguity of mappings between levels of the hierarchy. From a region segmentation of the input image, the authors present a formulation of the recovery problem based on the grouping of the regions into aspects. No domain-independent heuristics are used; only the probabilities inherent in the aspect hierarchy are exploited. Once the aspects are recovered, the aspect hierarchy is used to infer a set of volumetric primitives and their connectivity. As a front end to an object recognition system, the approach provides the indexing power of complex 3-D object-centered primitives while exploiting the convenience of 2-D viewer-centered aspect matching; aspects are used to represent a finite vocabulary of 3-D parts from which objects can be constructed 相似文献
10.
OBJECTIVES: To review the experience at a children's hospital of lipoblastoma and liposarcoma and to identify any factors that would differentiate one type of tumour from the other. DESIGN: A retrospective case series. SETTING: British Columbia's Children's Hospital a tertiary-care pediatric centre. PATIENTS: All patients with a pathological diagnosis of lipoblastoma and liposarcoma recorded over 12 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The frequency of lipoblastoma and liposarcoma, identified from biopsy specimens of pediatric adipose tumours. The clinical, pathological and cytogenetic variables between lipoblastoma and liposarcoma. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-nine adipose tumours were recorded. Seven (4.7%) were lipoblastomas and 2 (1.3%) were liposarcomas. All tumours presented as asymptomatic, slow-growing, soft-tissue masses. The children with lipoblastoma tended to be younger, but 29% were over 3 years of age. The liposarcoma patients were aged 9 and 14 years. One liposarcoma was of myxoid type and the other was a round cell variant. Karyotypes were reported for 1 lipoblastoma and 1 liposarcoma. The myxoid liposarcoma karyotype was 46,XY,t(12;16)(q13;p11), and the lipoblastoma was reported as 46,XY,der(8)?t(8q;?),+mar. CONCLUSIONS: Lipoblastoma is an unusual childhood neoplasm and liposarcoma is very rare in children. Both tumours may present in a similar fashion, and differentiating them histologically can be difficult. Age cannot be relied upon to accurately predict their behaviour. The tumour karyotype is very helpful in differentiating these neoplasms. 相似文献