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排序方式: 共有511条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Farzaneh Fayazpour Bart Lucas Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke Stefaan Derveaux Jan Tavernier Sam Lievens Joseph Demeester Stefaan C. De Smedt 《Advanced functional materials》2008,18(18):2716-2723
To obtain more biologically relevant data there is a growing interest in the use of living cells for assaying the biological activity of unknown chemical compounds. Density ‘multiplex’ cell‐based assays, where different cell types are mixed in one well and simultaneously investigated upon exposure to a certain compound are beginning to emerge. To be able to identify the cells they should be attached to microscopic carriers that are encoded. This paper investigates how digitally encoded microparticles can be loaded with cells while keeping the digital code in the microcarriers readable. It turns out that coating the surface of the encoded microcarriers with polyelectrolytes using the layer‐by‐layer (LbL) approach provides the microcarriers with a ‘highly functional’ surface. The polyelectrolyte layer allows the growth of the cells, allows the orientation of the cell loaded microcarriers in a magnetic field, and does not hamper the reading of the code. It has further been shown that the cells growing on the polyelectrolyte layer can become transduced by adenoviral particles hosted by the polyelectrolyte layer. It is concluded that the digitally encoded microparticles are promising materials for use in biomedical and pharmaceutical in‐vitro research where cells are used as tools. 相似文献
2.
Xiaoming Zhou Martin Jacobsson Henk Uijterwaal Piet Van Mieghem 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2008,21(6):643-663
Although packet delay and loss are two important parameters of the Internet performance, to the best of our knowledge, the evolution of large‐scale IPv6 delay and loss performance has previously not been studied. In this paper, we analyze more than 600 end‐to‐end IPv6 paths between about 26 testboxes of RIPE Network Coordination Centre over two years, and compare the delay and loss performance over time with their IPv4 counterparts. We present and discuss the measurement methodologies and show that IPv6 paths have a higher delay and loss than their IPv4 counterparts. The main reason for the worse performance stems from IPv6‐in‐IPv4 tunnels rather than from native IPv6 paths and such tunnels are still widely used today. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
Anton A. Kiss Costin S. Bildea Alexandre C. Dimian Piet D. Iedema 《Chemical engineering science》2002,57(4):535-546
This article continues earlier work (Comput. Chem. Eng. 24 (2000) 209) concerning the design and control of isothermal reactor-separator-recycle systems. The multiplicity behaviour of six reaction systems of increasing complexity, from one-reactant, first-order reaction to chain-growth polymerisation, is investigated. Below a critical value of the plant Damkohler number, Da<Dacr, the only steady state involves infinite flow rates. Feasible steady states become possible if the critical value is exceeded, Da>Dacr. For one-reaction systems, one stable steady state is born at a transcritical bifurcation. For consecutive-reaction systems, including polymerisation, a fold bifurcation can lead to two feasible steady states. Moreover, the transcritical bifurcation is destroyed when two reactants are involved. If the gel-effect is included, a maximum of four steady states are possible. When multiple steady states exist, the achievable conversion is constrained by the instability of the low-conversion branch. This has practical importance for polymerisation systems when the radicals’ quasi-steady state assumption is not valid or the gel effect is significant. 相似文献
4.
G. Coudenys I. Moeeman G. Vermeire F. Vermaerke Y. Zhu P. Van Daele P. Demeester E. Maayan B. Elsner J. Salzman E. Finkman 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1994,23(2):225-232
The shadow masked growth technique is presented as a tool to achieve thickness and bandgap variations laterally over the substrate
during metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Lateral thickness and bandgap variations are very important for the fabrication of
photonic integrated circuits, where several passive and active optical components need to be integrated on the same substrate.
Several aspects of the shadow masked growth are characterized for InP based materials as well as for GaAs based materials.
Thickness reductions are studied as a function of the mask dimensions, the reactor pressure, the orientation of the masked
channels and the undercutting of the mask. The thickness reduction is strongly influenced by the mask dimensions and the reactor
pressure, while the influence of the orientation of the channels and the amount of undercutting is only significant for narrow
mask windows. During shadow masked growth, there are not only thickness variations but also compositional variations. Therefore,
we studied the changes in In/Ga and As/P ratios for InGaAs and InGaAsP layers. It appears that mainly the In/Ga-ratio is responsible
for compositional changes and that the As/P-ratio remains unchanged during shadow masked growth. 相似文献
5.
This article is a follow-up to our March 2000 article, "Application, design, and evolution of WDM in GTS's pan-European transport network" (Struyve et al. 2000). Since then, many events have led toward dismantling the GTS pan-European transport network. In this article we choose to reiterate the main statements of our previous article that are still valid today, and give a general overview of the current status and possible evolution trends of DWDM-based transport networks. 相似文献
6.
The crosslink reaction is in fact from a commercial perspective the most reward ing reacting there is.It is used to adjust viscosity or rheology parameter in a large number of applications like p.e.the food or adhesives and textile printing. 相似文献
7.
Peter Demeester Burak Bilgin Patrick De Causmaecker Greet Vanden Berghe 《Journal of Scheduling》2012,15(1):83-103
Many researchers studying examination timetabling problems focus on either benchmark problems or problems from practice encountered
in their institutions. Hyperheuristics are proposed as generic optimisation methods which explore the search space of heuristics
rather than direct solutions. In the present study, the performance of tournament-based hyperheuristics for the exam timetabling
problem are investigated. The target instances include both the Toronto and ITC 2007 benchmarks and the examination timetabling
problem at KAHO Sint-Lieven (Ghent, Belgium). The Toronto and ITC 2007 benchmarks are post-enrolment-based examination timetabling
problems, whereas the KAHO Sint-Lieven case is a curriculum-based examination timetabling problem. We drastically improve
the previous (manually created) solution for the KAHO Sint-Lieven problem by generating a timetable that satisfies all the
hard and soft constraints. We also make improvements on the best known results in the examination timetabling literature for
seven out of thirteen instances for the To ronto benchmarks. The results are competitive with those of the finalists of the
examination timetabling track of the International Timetabling Competition. 相似文献
8.
Marco A. Jonker Piet S. van Roon Joop M. P. den Hartog 《Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A》1987,185(5):402-405
Summary The purpose of this study was to find experimental conditions for the complete solubility of collagen-free muscle proteins (CFMP) using acetone powder of Guelders ring sausage. Preliminary experiments were carried out to choose the best procedure for preparing the acetone dry powder. Two different methods of acetone extraction of minced sausage were compared. The acetone dry mass (ADM) method using continuous extraction in a Soxhlet [2] apparatus gave better results than the acetone powder (ACP) method, which used a blender [1]. The ADM method was used for further investigations. ADM was extracted with two types of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), containing solvents A and B. Solvent A contains a Tris-boric acid buffer (pH 8.2) with 1.5% (m/v) SDS and 0.05% (m/v) dithioerythreitol [3]. Solvent B is a borate-chloric acid buffer (pH 9.0) with 2.0% (m/v) SDS and 1.0% (m/v) mercapto-ethanol [2]. Both solvents showed a linear relationship between the quantities of CFMP in ADM and the dissolved CFMP. The linear relationships were found between quantities of 10.0 and 30.0 mg (solution A) and of 5.0 and 30.0 mg ADM (solution B) per ml solvent. The solubility of CFMP was better in solvent B than in solution A. Completely dissolved CFMP from ADM was only obtained in the case of 5.0 mg ADM in 1.0 ml solution B. These conditions will be used in liquid chromatography experiments, the results of which will be reported later.
Supported by a grant from the Hoofdinspectie Levensmiddelen of the Ministry of Welzijn, Volksgezondheid en Cultuur 相似文献
Quantitative Aspekte zweier Verfahren für das Auflösen kollagenfreier Muskelproteine aus acetontrockenen Pulvern der Gelderschen Rauchwurst
Zusammenfassung Der Zweck dieser Untersuchungen ist, die experimentellen Bedingungen für die vollstän-dige Löslichkeit des kollagenfreien Muskelproteins (CFMP) aus dem Acetonpulver der Gelderschen Rauchwurst zu finden. Durch Vorversuche wurde die beste Arbeitsweise für das Zubereiten des Acetonpulvers gewählt. Zwei verschiedene Extraktionsverfahren mit zerkleinertem Wurstmaterial wurden miteinander verglichen. Die Methode mit der Acetontrockenmasse (ADM) mittels kontinuierlicher Extraktion [2] führte zu besseren Ergebnissen als die Methode mit Acetonpulver (ACP), wozu ein Mischgerät [1] verwendet wurde. Die ADM-Methode wurde für weitere Untersuchungen angewendet. ADM wurde mit zwei verschiedenen Extraktionslösungen von Natrium-Dodecylsulfat (SDS) (A und B) extrahiert. Lösung A enthalt einen Tris-Borsäure Puffer (pH 8,2) mit SDS (1,5%) und Dithioerithritol (0,05%) [3]. Die Lösung B enthält einen Borat-Salzsäure Puffer (pH 9,0) mit SDS (2,0%) und Mercapto-Ethanol (1,0%) [2]. Beide Extraktionslösungen zeigen ein lineares Verhalten zwischen den Mengen vom CFMP in ADM und in aufgelöstem CFMP. Diese Linearität wurde von 10,030,0 mg ADM (Lösungsmittel A) und von 5,030,0 mg ADM (Lösungsmittel B) gefunden. Die Lös-lichkeit in Lösung B ist gegeniiber Lösung A besser. Ein vollständig gelöstes CFMP aus ADM wurde nur bei der Extraktion von 5,0 mg ADM in 1,0 ml der Losung B erhalten. Diese Bedingung soll in unseren künftigen flüssigchromatographischen Experimenten verwendet werden.
Supported by a grant from the Hoofdinspectie Levensmiddelen of the Ministry of Welzijn, Volksgezondheid en Cultuur 相似文献
9.
Zhou D Lagoja IM Rozenski J Busson R Van Aerschot A Herdewijn P 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2005,6(12):2298-2304
Oligonucleotides that contain up to three aminopropyl nucleoside analogues have been synthesized. Dimers of aminopropyl adenine and thymidine were prepared and used as building blocks by applying phosphoramidite chemistry. Both R and S isomers of the aminopropyl nucleosides were used. This incorporation led to a reduction of thermal stability of double-stranded DNA. Furthermore, the (R)-adenine analogue, which yielded (S)-APNA, can be considered as a candidate for universal base pairing. 相似文献
10.