Effect of heat input on the mechanical properties of welded joints in high-strength steels

Experiments were carried out to determine the properties of the welded joints in 8 mm thick high-strength steels produced by quenching and tempering and thermomechanical rolling with accelerated cooling (tensile strength 821–835 MPa). The dependence of the strength, elongation, hardness, impact energy and crack opening displacement on the heat input in the range 1.0–0.7 kJ mm^? 1 was determined. The results show that the dependence of the strength of the welded joints decreases and that of the elongation increases. The heat input has only a slight effect on the impact energy and crack opening displacement in the heat-affected zone.     

Wideband CDMA network sensitivity function

We analyze capacity losses in code division multiple access (CDMA) networks due to imperfections in the operation of the system components. The main result of this work is a systematic mathematical framework for capacity evaluation of CDMA-based networks in fading channels. This should be considered as an alternative tool to extensive simulations being used for these purposes at the moment. The intention is to provide simple approximate relations that simultaneously take into account: multiple access intracell interference (MAI), intercell interference, and near-far effect, including different sources of power control imperfections. In addition to this, the efficiencies of the major receiver components are also included in the analysis. A flexible complex signal format is used which enables us to model at currently interesting proposals for wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) standards. The theory is general, and some examples of practical set of channel and system parameters are used as illustration. Further elaboration of these results, including extensive numerical analysis based on the offered analytical framework, would provide enough background for the understanding of W-CDMA system performance in a realistic environment     

芬兰Jávri酒店

正Jávri Lodge是一家精品酒店,位于芬兰拉普兰地区Saariselk?附近。建筑曾是芬兰在位时间最长的总统Urho Kekkonen的滑雪度假屋,这里曾接待过不少皇室宾客、大国政要,甚至伊朗国王。后来酒店扩建,新建了主入口、餐厅和四间客房。从外观上看新增了三个铜板表皮的体量,分别位于原有建筑的前方和上方。酒店的宾客常常在附近进行各种户外活动,因此该酒店旨在为宾客提供一个温暖舒适的休息场所。在抵达酒店入口蜿蜒的走道上,铜灯笼静静伫立两旁,与铜质表皮的主入口遥相呼应。道路两边是旧旅馆房屋的原木墙     

Microbial growth in building material samples and occupants’ health in severely moisture‐damaged homes

There is no commonly approved approach to detect and quantify the health‐relevant microbial exposure in moisture‐damaged buildings. In 39 single‐family homes with severe moisture damage, we studied whether concentrations of viable microbes in building material samples are associated with health among 71 adults and 68 children, and assessed with symptoms questionnaires, exhaled NO, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability. Symptoms were grouped into three scores: upper respiratory symptoms, lower respiratory symptoms, and general symptoms. The homes were divided into three groups based on viable counts of fungi, actinomycetes, and total bacteria cultivated from building material samples. Highest group of actinomycete counts was associated with more general symptoms, worse perceived health, and higher daily PEF variability (aOR 12.51; 1.10‐141.90 as compared to the lowest group) among adults, and with an increase in lower respiratory symptoms in children, but the confidence intervals were wide. We observed significant associations of fungal counts and total microbial score with worse perceived health in adults. No associations with exhaled NO were observed.     

Phenotypic features of dentition in diastrophic dysplasia

BACKGROUND: Studies of hypertension, diabetes, and diet have indicated a relationship between social support and adherence to treatment regimens. Estimates of nonadherence following abnormal Pap test results range as high as 40%. In this study, the relationship between social support and adherence behavior was examined in a population of low-income, public-health-department patients with abnormal Pap smears. METHODS: Medical record reviews ascertained adherence behavior and interviews determined receipt of social support for 498 women. RESULTS: Related to adherence were: receipt of any social support; receipt of each of three types of support (informational, emotional, and tangible support); amount of support received; satisfaction with support; and source of support. Reported need for support was not related to adherence behavior. Receipt of social support was more strongly related to adherence when the woman's emotional response to the notification of the abnormal Pap smear was greater, and when acculturation was higher (among Latinas). Knowledge of the results of the Pap test was found to be an intervening variable between receipt of informational support and adherence. Knowledge of the purpose of the Pap smear was found to be independently related to adherence. Among black women, emotional support was most strongly related to adherence, while among Latinas, tangible support was most strongly related to adherence. In a multivariate model, Pap-test knowledge and the interaction between emotional response and receipt of any social support were significantly related to adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that supportive interventions, including provision of medical information, emotional support, child care, and transportation, could help to reduce nonadherence.     

Capacity losses in wireless CDMA networks using imperfect decorrelating space-time Rake receiver in fading multipath channel

In this paper we analyze the impact of system imperfections on the overall cellular code-division multiple access (CDMA) radio network performance. The theory is general and some examples of practical sets of channel and system parameters are used as illustration. A flexible signal model, based on the complex signal format, is used enabling us to model all wideband CDMA standards. For such a signal, we first derive a complex decorrelator structure. In the next step imperfections in the operation of a decorrelating space-time Rake combiner are modeled and analyzed. Relative capacity losses and the network sensitivity function are used as performance measures. Simulations are also performed to confirm some of the key assumptions made in the analysis. Numerical results show that the user capacity varies significantly depending on the multipath profile, diversity order, fading rate, and code crosscorrelations. It is shown that up to 97 % of the system capacity can be lost due to the system imperfections. More, advanced and robust parameter estimators and/or multiuser detectors are needed to alleviate these degradations at the cost of increased complexity.     

Targeting the S100A2-p53 Interaction with a Series of 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene Sulfonamides: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity

In silico approaches identified 1 , N-(6-((4-bromo- benzyl)amino)hexyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene sulfonamide, as a potential inhibitor of the S100A2-p53 protein-protein interaction, a validated pancreatic cancer drug target. Subsequent cytotoxicity screening revealed it to be a 2.97 μM cell growth inhibitor of the MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cell line. This is in keeping with our hypothesis that inhibiting this interaction would have an anti-pancreatic cancer effect with S100A2, the validated PC drug target. A combination of focused library synthesis (three libraries, 24 compounds total) and cytotoxicity screening identified a propyl alkyl diamine spacer as optimal; the nature of the terminal phenyl substituent had limited impact on observed cytotoxicity, whereas N-methylation was detrimental to activity. In total 15 human cancer cell lines were examined, with most analogues showing broad-spectrum activity. Near uniform activity was observed against a panel of six pancreatic cancer cell lines: MiaPaCa-2, BxPC-3, AsPC-1, Capan-2, HPAC and PANC-1. In all cases there was good to excellent correlation between the predicted docking pose in the S100A2-p53 binding groove and the observed cytotoxicity, especially in the pancreatic cancer cell line with high endogenous S100A2 expression. This supports S100A2 as a pancreatic cancer drug target.     

Recent advances in Apertium,a free/open-source rule-based machine translation platform for low-resource languages

This paper presents an overview of Apertium, a free and open-source rule-based machine translation platform. Translation in Apertium happens through a pipeline of modular tools, and the platform continues to be improved as more language pairs are added. Several advances have been implemented since the last publication, including some new optional modules: a module that allows rules to process recursive structures at the structural transfer stage, a module that deals with contiguous and discontiguous multi-word expressions, and a module that resolves anaphora to aid translation. Also highlighted is the hybridisation of Apertium through statistical modules that augment the pipeline, and statistical methods that augment existing modules. This includes morphological disambiguation, weighted structural transfer, and lexical selection modules that learn from limited data. The paper also discusses how a platform like Apertium can be a critical part of access to language technology for so-called low-resource languages, which might be ignored or deemed unapproachable by popular corpus-based translation technologies. Finally, the paper presents some of the released and unreleased language pairs, concluding with a brief look at some supplementary Apertium tools that prove valuable to users as well as language developers. All Apertium-related code, including language data, is free/open-source and available at https://github.com/apertium.

     

Influence of carbon nanotube-polymeric compatibilizer masterbatches on morphological, thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of polyethylene

Study was made of the effect of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polymeric compatibilizer on thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE). The composites were prepared by melt mixing in two steps. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were melt mixed with maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PEgMA) as polymeric compatibilizer to produce a PEgMA-CNT masterbatch containing 20 wt% of CNTs. The masterbatch was then added to HDPE to prepare HDPE nanocomposites with CNT content of 2 or 6 wt%. The unmodified and modified (hydroxyl or amine groups) CNTs had similar effects on the properties of HDPE-PEgMA indicating that only non-covalent interactions were achieved between CNTs and matrix. According to SEM studies, single nanotubes and CNT agglomerates (size up to 1 μm) were present in all nanocomposites regardless of content or modification of CNTs. Addition of CNTs to HDPE-PEgMA increased decomposition temperature, but only slight changes were observed in crystallization temperature, crystallinity, melting temperature, and coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE). Young’s modulus and tensile strength of matrix clearly increased, while elongation at break decreased. Measured values of Young’s moduli of HDPE-PEgMA-CNT composites were between the values of Young’s moduli for longitudinal (E₁₁) and transverse (E₂₂) direction predicted by Mori-Tanaka and Halpin-Tsai composite theories. Addition of CNTs to HDPE-PEgMA did not change the tribological properties of the matrix. Because of its higher crystallinity, PEgMA possessed significantly different properties from HDPE matrix: better mechanical properties, lower friction and wear, and lower CLTE in normal direction. Interestingly, the mechanical and tribological properties and CLTEs of HDPE-PEgMA-CNT composites lie between those of PEgMA and HDPE.     

Control of swelling properties of polyvinyl alcohol/hyaluronic acid hydrogels for the encapsulation of chondrocyte cells

Hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering are important biomaterials. The target in this study was to prepare polyvinyl alcohol/hyaluronic acid hydrogels for the encapsulation of chondrocyte cells by a simple cross‐linking reaction. Control of the swelling properties and morphology of the hydrogels for cultivation of chondrocytes was studied. The hydrogels were prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and hyaluronic acid derivatives bearing primary amine and aldehyde functionalities, respectively. The formation of the hydrogel upon mixing the aqueous solutions of the polymer derivatives took place at room temperature in a few seconds. The swelling properties of the hydrogels were found to depend on the polymer concentration and degree of substitution of the modified polymers. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed that the hydrogels had a suitable porous morphology for cell encapsulation. Furthermore, in vitro cell viability tests with the hydrogels showed no cytotoxicity for chondrocytes and that the cells grew well in the hydrogel scaffolds. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42272.