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Xin Li Yurui Wang Minxuan Xu Yueqin Shi Hemiao Wang Xin Yang Haoting Ying Qi Zhang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(19):50406
Polymer electrets have revealed great potential application in electromechanical devices because of the low weight, large quasi-piezoelectric sensitivity, and excellent flexibility. For an electret, a permanent and macroscopic electric field exists on the surface, principally led by a macroscopic electrostatic charge on the surface or a net orientation of polar groups inside the object. Here, progress in the development of polymer electrets is reviewed. After a brief retrospect of the research courses and those typical polymer electrets that are classified into fluorine polymer and nonfluorine polymer, we present a survey on the charging methods, including corona, soft X-ray, contact, thermal and monoenergetic particle beams. The latest representative applications (i.e., power harvesting, sensors, field effect transistors, and biomedicine) based on polymer electrets are also summarized. Finally, we complete this review with a discussion on perspectives and challenges in this field. 相似文献
3.
Chenchen Zhou Jia Man Haibo Yu He Xia Luming Man Bin Qi Jianfeng Li 《Ceramics International》2021,47(8):10866-10872
Ceramic microparticles have great potentials in various fields such as materials engineering, biotechnology, microelectromechanical systems, etc. Morphology of the microparticle performs an important role on their application. To date, it remains difficult to find an effective and controllable way for fabricating nonspherical ceramic microparticles with 3D features. This work demonstrates a method that combines UV light lithography and single emulsion opaque-droplet-templated microfluidic molding to prepare the crescent-shaped ceramic microparticles. By tailoring the intensity of UV light and flow rate of fluid, the shapes of microparticles are accordingly tuned. Therefore, varieties of crescent-shaped microparticles and their variations have been fabricated. After sintering, the crescent-shaped alumina ceramic microparticles were obtained. Benefitting from the light absorption and scattering behavior of most ceramic nanoparticles, this system can serve as a general platform to produce crescent-shaped microparticles made from different materials, and hold great potentials for applications in microrobotics, structural materials in MEMS, and biotechnology. 相似文献
4.
大气波导干扰是特定气象条件下发生的时分双工(time-division duplex,TDD)系统内干扰,是TDD移动通信系统大规模组网面临的顽疾。在总结分析大气波导干扰成因和分类等的基础上,对大气波导干扰进行建模和表征,验证了海量干扰源在时域和频域的功率集总特征,并结合大量4G/5G现网实测数据给出了典型条件下内陆波导和海面波导的量化干扰信号传播模型,对于干扰的预测和预防具有重要意义。基于干扰特征,给出了TDD系统预防大气波导干扰的帧结构与组网的4项设计原则,5G现网数据表明干扰控制方案有效,上行干扰下降10 dB以上,相关原则对于6G系统的设计也具有指导意义。 相似文献
5.
盾构隧道施工物料无人运输有助于提升运输效率、降低运输成本、减少运输安全事故率。与公路汽车无人驾驶、港口车辆无人驾驶、轨道交通无人驾驶等逐步成熟的无人驾驶技术不同,在隧道场景下实施施工物料无人运输存在运输物料种类繁多、运输调度困难、地下定位信号拒止、狭窄车道频繁会车、行车路面工况复杂、地上地下联动响应慢等诸多挑战。从实现盾构隧道施工物料无人运输的关键问题分析入手,综述当前盾构隧道施工物料运输方式、运输需求、无人运输发展现状及存在的挑战,提出盾构隧道施工物料无人运输的五大关键技术:多种类物料智能货控能效管理技术,无人化垂直装卸门机控制技术,多传感器融合同步定位与地图构建技术,隧道复杂环境路径规划与自主避障技术,隧-地一体化联动响应的高可靠性无线通信技术。 相似文献
6.
Shilin Du Yichen Dong Feiqiang Guo Beile Tian Songbo Mao Lin Qian Chengyun Xin 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(27):14138-14147
The potential of using high metals containing coal gangue and lignite to prepare high-activity coal char-based catalysts is investigated for effective biomass tar decomposition. Loose structure and rough surface are formed for these char-based catalysts with heterogeneous distribution of a large number of inorganic particles. In the biomass tar decomposition, the performance of the coal char-based catalysts is significantly influenced by the content of the metals in the raw materials and coal gangue char (GC) with the ash content as high as 50.80% exhibits the highest activity in this work. A high biomass tar conversion efficiency of 93.5% is achieved at 800 °C along with a significant increase in the fuel gas product. During the five-time consecutive tests, the catalytic performance of GC increases a little at the second or third times reuse and remains relatively stable, showing the remarkable stability of the catalyst in biomass tar decomposition applications. 相似文献
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8.
Tongling Xia Yue Qi Xilei Dai Jinyu Liu Can Xiao Ruoyu You Dayi Lai Junjie Liu Chun Chen 《Indoor air》2021,31(6):2020-2032
To evaluate the separate impacts on human health and establish effective control strategies, it is crucial to estimate the contribution of outdoor infiltration and indoor emission to indoor PM2.5 in buildings. This study used an algorithm to automatically estimate the long-term time-resolved indoor PM2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin in real apartments with natural ventilation. The inputs for the algorithm were only the time-resolved indoor/outdoor PM2.5 concentrations and occupants’ window actions, which were easily obtained from the low-cost sensors. This study first applied the algorithm in an apartment in Tianjin, China. The indoor/outdoor contribution to the gross indoor exposure and time-resolved infiltration factor were automatically estimated using the algorithm. The influence of outdoor PM2.5 data source and algorithm parameters on the estimated results was analyzed. The algorithm was then applied in four other apartments located in Chongqing, Shenyang, Xi'an, and Urumqi to further demonstrate its feasibility. The results provided indirect evidence, such as the plausible explanations for seasonal and spatial variation, to partially support the success of the algorithm used in real apartments. Through the analysis, this study also identified several further development directions to facilitate the practical applications of the algorithm, such as robust long-term outdoor PM2.5 monitoring using low-cost light-scattering sensors. 相似文献
9.
Sun Xiaohao Miao Linchang Wang Hengxing Chen Runfa Guo Xin 《Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment》2021,80(6):4957-4966
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - Bio-cementation is currently applied to solidify sandy soils, but only few studies use it to cement loess soil particles. In this study, the... 相似文献
10.
Zhenkun Ke Xin Cao Chuanli Shan Lifen Shi Pingping Wang Yong Yang Fengyang Zhao Jiedong Cui Jinwei Li Gang Zhou Min Guan Tao Yu 《Ceramics International》2021,47(14):19605-19613
The purpose of the current work was to research the effect of alkali metal oxide on the structure, thermal properties, viscosity and chemical stability in the glass system (R2O–CaO–B2O3–SiO2) systematically. Because the glass would emulsify when Li2O was added to the glass batch, this article did not discuss Li2O. The results showed that when the amount of Na2O was less than 4 mol.%, there was a higher interconnectivity of borate and silicate sub-networks in glass, as more mixed Si–O–B bonds were present in glass. The glass samples exhibited excellent thermal properties and chemical stabilities. As the amount of Na2O exceeded 4 mol.%, the interconnectivity of borate and silicate sub-networks was weakened. The thermal properties and chemical stabilities of the glass samples were reduced. The connectivity of the silicate sub-network was weakened slightly as the Na/K ratio varied, and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the glass samples gradually increased, and the resistance to thermal shock (RTS) value gradually decreased. Moreover, the viscosity of the glass samples decreased with the ratio of Na/Si and Na/K increased. 相似文献