Nanomaterials for radiotherapeutics-based multimodal synergistic cancer therapy

Over the past decade, numerous studies have attempted to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy and internal radioisotope therapy) for cancer treatment. However, the low radiation absorption coefficient and radiation resistance of tumors remain major critical challenges for radiotherapy in the clinic. With the development of nanomedicine, nanomaterials in combination with radiotherapy offer the possibility to improve the efficiency of radiotherapy in tumors. Nanomaterials act not only as radiosensitizers to enhance radiation energy, but also as nanocarriers to deliver therapeutic units in combating radiation resistance. In this review, we discuss opportunities for a synergistic cancer therapy by combining radiotherapy based on nanomaterials designed for chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, gas therapy, genetic therapy, and immunotherapy. We highlight how nanomaterials can be utilized to amplify antitumor radiation responses and describe cooperative enhancement interactions among these synergistic therapies. Moreover, the potential challenges and future prospects of radio-based nanomedicine to maximize their synergistic efficiency for cancer treatment are identified.

     

350MW机组采暖集水箱液位自动控制的完善与实现

辽宁东方350 MW机组采暖集水箱液位自动控制,投产时设计是采用磁翻板就地液位显示加液位接点输出液位高低等信号,配合电气疏水控制系统实现水位自动控制回收系统。运行8年来,该系统经常发生由于液位接点动作故障致使液位自动控制不正常,只能靠人工定期就地控制。为了解决这个问题,从根源上进行了分析,温度是影响原磁翻板液位控制系统正常运行的主要原因,结合原设备的实际状况,在不投入大量改造的基础上又能够解决问题的前提下,利用压力液位的关系特性,提出了相应的改造方案,在实施中得到了非常好的效果,不但设备运行良好同时带来了不菲的经济效益。     

Preparation of Silver Nanowires via a Rapid,Scalable and Green Pathway

Rapid synthesis of silver nanowires(Ag NWs) with high quality and a broad processing window is challenging because of the low selectivity of the formation of multiply twinned particles at the nucleation stage for subsequent Ag NWs growth.Herein we report a systematic study of the water-involved heterogeneous nucleation of Ag NWs with high rate(less than 20 min) in a simple and scalable preparation method.Using glycerol as a reducing agent and a solvent with a high boiling point,the reaction is rapidly heated to 210 ℃ in air to synthesize Ag NWs with a very high yield in gram level.It is noted that the addition of a small dose of water plays a key role for obtaining highly pure Ag NWs in high yield,and the optimal water/glycerol ratio is0.25%.After investigating a series of forming factors including reaction temperature and dose of catalysts,the formation kinetics and mechanism of the Ag NWs are proposed.Compared to other preparation methods,our strategy is simple and reproducible.These Ag NWs show a strong Raman enhancement effect for organic molecules on their surface.     

核算前移在冶炼企业优化成本控制中的应用

针对国际黄金价格的走低,黄金冶炼企业如何在激烈的市场竞争中寻求更大的利润空间,优化成本控制显得尤为重要。以某冶炼厂为例,阐述核算前移在优化企业成本控制中的应用,以达到降本增效的目的,实现企业利润的最大化。     

125I粒子条联合胆道支架植入治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸22例疗效分析

【摘要】　 　目的 研究和探讨125I粒子条联合胆道支架植入治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸的临床疗效。方法 2011年6月—2013年9月收治恶性梗阻性黄疸患者40例。行胆道支架植入术治疗患者18例，为对照组；采用125I粒子条联合胆道支架植入患者22例，为观察组。两组均采用经皮肝穿刺胆道引流（PTCD）并胆道支架植入。结果 观察组与对照组的平均胆道开通时间分别为（8.7 ± 0.7）和（6.2 ± 0.4）个月，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。观察组与对照组术后平均生存时间分别为（11.4 ± 0.8）和（8.7 ± 0.5）个月，生存时间的差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。术后近期疗效及并发症两组之间的比较无明显差异（P > 0.05），但是远期疗效有显著差异（P < 0.05）。结论 与对照组相比，观察组的术后生存时间及胆道开通时间明显延长，对于125I粒子条联合支架治疗恶性梗阻性黄疸值得进一步临床研究。