Effects of structural characteristics on microwave dielectric properties of low-loss (Zn1-xNix)ZrNbTaO8 ceramics

Low-loss (Zn_1-xNi_x)ZrNbTaO₈ (0.02?≤?x?≤?0.10) ceramics possessing single wolframite structure are initiatively synthesized by solid-state route. Based on the results of Rietveld refinement, complex chemical bond theory is used to establish the correlation between structural characteristics and microwave performance in this ceramic system. A small amount of Ni²⁺ (x?=?0.06) in A-site with the fixed substitution of Ta⁵⁺ in B-site can effectually raise the Q?×?f value of ZnZrNb₂O₈ ceramic, embodying a dense microstructure and high lattice energy. The dielectric constant and τ_f are mainly affected by bond ionicity and the average octahedral distortion. The (Zn_0.94Ni_0.06)ZrNbTaO₈ ceramic sample sintered at 1150?°C for 3?h exhibits an outstanding combination of microwave dielectric properties: ε_r =?27.88, Q?×?f?=?128,951?GHz, τ_f =?–39.9?ppm/°C. Thus, it is considered to be a candidate material for the communication device applications at high frequency.     

反应精馏法制备高纯度醋酸甲酯

在中试反应精馏塔中以浓硫酸为催化剂进行了醋酸与甲醇反应制备醋酸甲酯的试验。反应精馏塔的精馏段为填料,反应段为立体催化精馏塔板,采用连续操作,考察了回流比、甲醇进料位置、停留时间、催化剂用量对反应精馏的影响。试验结果表明,当回流比为1.2、甲醇进料位置为第11～15块塔板、停留时间为2.2～2.5h、催化剂与醋酸的质量比为1.07∶100时,塔顶醋酸甲酯的质量分数达到99.50%以上,醋酸的转化率达到99.85%以上。     

基于损失自注意力机制的立体匹配算法研究

针对现有的立体匹配算法在阴影、物体边缘和光照反射等区域匹配困难且存在大量错误结果的问题,设计了一种可拆卸的损失自注意力网络（loss self-attention net,LSAnet）查找图像中的匹配困难区域。LSAnet的网络各层相互稠密连接,应用了空洞卷积来扩大感受野,并以立体匹配算法生成的损失分布为标签,能够动态地进行有监督训练,最终生成匹配困难区域掩膜辅助立体匹配网络进行更好的优化;同时,改进了立体匹配网络中经典的特征匹配代价卷结构,降低了后续3D卷积的计算负荷,提高了匹配效率。实验结果表明,该算法相比于基准算法精度更高,并且可以提高算法对于匹配困难区域的鲁棒性。     

A Dual Physical Cross-Linking Strategy to Construct Tough Hydrogels with High Strength,Excellent Fatigue Resistance,and Stretching-Induced Strengthening Effect

Hydrogels with excellent stiffness, toughness, anti-fatigue, and self-recovery properties are regarded as promising water-containing materials. In this work, a dual physically cross-linked (DPC) sodium alginate (SA)/poly[acrylamide (AAm)-acrylic acid (AAc)-octadecyl methacrylate (OMA)]-Fe³⁺ hydrogel is reported, which is constructed by hydrophobic association (HA) and ionic coordination (IC). The optimal DPC hydrogel demonstrates excellent mechanical performance: tensile modulus of 0.65 MPa, tensile strength of 3.31 MPa, elongation at break of 1547%, and toughness of 27.8 MJ m^–3. SA/P(AAm-AAc-OMA)-Fe³⁺ DPC hydrogels also exhibit prominent anti-fatigue and self-recovery performance (99.1–109.7% modulus recovery and 90.4–108.9% dissipated energy recovery after resting for 5 min without additional stimuli at ambient temperature) through the reconstruction of reversible physical cross-linking. Some of the SA/P(AAm-AAc-OMA)-Fe³⁺ DPC hydrogels even exhibit a stretching-induced strengthening effect, which is similar to the performance of muscle—“the more training, the more strength.” Hence, the combination of HA and IC will provide an effective approach to design DPC hydrogels with desirable mechanical performances and a longer service life for wider applications of soft materials.     

Dual-responsive shape memory hydrogels with self-healing and dual-responsive swelling behaviors

Shape memory hydrogels (SMHs) can fix the hydrogels in a provisional shape and restore the initial shape under external stimulation. Herein, a dual-responsive shape memory hydrogel with dual-responsive swelling and self-healing properties is presented in this work. The SMHs were fabricated by one-step emulsion copolymerization of acrylic acid (AAc), acrylamide (AAm) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA). Sodium alginate (SA) was introduced as an interpenetrating polymer in the network. With ionic cross-linking between -COO⁻ and Fe³⁺ or saline-reinforced hydrophobic association, the hydrogels can be fixed in a provisional shape, which can be restored by immersing the hydrogels in vitamin C solution or pure water, respectively. When the as-prepared hydrogels were immersed in FeCl₃ solutions, additional ionic cross-linking between Fe³⁺ and -COO⁻ could be formed, thus constructing the dual physically cross-linked (DPC) network, which endows the hydrogels with excellent fracture stress (2.6 MPa) and toughness (5.47 MJ/m³). Besides, the reversible physical cross-linkings endowed the hydrogel with outstanding self-healing capability. Furthermore, the pH and saline responsive swelling properties of the SMHs are additional fantastic properties. Therefore, we believe that this simple strategy provides a great opportunity for the preparation of SMHs with multiple intellectual performances.     

配电网弹性内涵分析与研究展望

构建能有效抵御复杂环境下各类型扰动的配电网,对实现安全可靠供电、保障社会经济发展具有重要意义.为此,对配电网面临的扰动类型、配电网弹性的基本内涵以及配电网弹性提升关键技术进行了分析和探讨.首先,探讨了配电网弹性的概念内涵,对配电网须应对的扰动类型进行了分类划分,提出了扰动作用下配电网的运行状态分类及实现状态间转移的弹性控制手段;其次,提出了感知力、适应力、抵抗力、恢复力等4个配电网弹性核心特征;然后,提出了配电网弹性提升的关键技术,包括实现扰动预判分析的态势感知技术、实现运行状态校正的灵活适应技术、实现设备及系统安全的抵抗力提升技术,以及实现灾变应对的恢复控制技术;最后,对配电网弹性提升的研究方向进行了展望.     

曝气强度对膜生物流化床运行特性的影响

将膜分离技术与生物流化床工艺有机结合,采用结合后的膜生物流化床(Membrane-Fluidized Bed Bioreactor,MFBB)处理城市污水。试验以气水比作为曝气强度指标,考察了在气水比为15∶1、25∶1和45∶1的情况下MFBB的运行特性及曝气强度对其运行特性的影响。试验结果表明,系统的曝气强度并非越高越好,而是存在一个最佳值,本试验条件下的最佳气水比为25∶1,此时CODCr、NH3—N、TN去除率分别可达96.91%、98.02%和60.12%。稳定阶段的脱氢酶活性平均值达23.8μgTF/(mgMLSS.h)。     

Web数据库在线维护方法研究

本文讨论了结合互联网数据中心(DC)的服务器托管形式下对网站Web数据库在线维护的形式和内容。并以上海理工大学管理学院学院网站为例，介绍了如何利用JSP动态网页编程语言和JavaBeans来方便、快捷地实现对学院网站Web数据库在线维护功能。     

浅谈我国矿山安全科学的发展前景和研究任务

本文在理论方面介绍了安全科学性质、安全劳动与安全经济效益之间的辩证关系，首次提出了“矿山安全科学”的概念，论述了这门新学科的发展前景和内外动力，提出了我国矿山安全科学的研究任务。     

应用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术分析研究畜肉中硒形态

目的 应用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术（HPLC-ICP/MS）分析研究畜肉中Se（Ⅵ）、Se（Ⅳ）、SeCys、MeSeCys和SeMet 5种硒形态。方法 采用超声辅助蛋白酶ⅩⅣ和胰脂肪酶酶解提取畜肉中硒形态,以C18反相色谱柱为分析柱,10 mmol/L柠檬酸和5 mmol/L己烷磺酸钠（pH=4.0,含1%甲醇）为流动相,等度洗脱,HPLC-ICP/MS分析。结果 5种硒形态可在7 min内有效分离,在线性范围内相关系数均>0.999,线性良好;Se（Ⅵ）、SeCys、MeSeCys和SeMet 4种硒形态检出限为0.000 3~0.002 mg/kg,不同浓度水平的加标回收率为80.0%~103.3%,相对标准偏差均小于6.8%,有证标准物质ERM^? BC210a测定值在标准值范围内。结论 该方法适用畜肉中Se（Ⅵ）、SeCys、MeSeCys和SeMet的分析测定。畜肉中的硒形态主要为SeMet,同时含有少量的MeSeCys和SeCys。