Upgrading Siberian (Russia) crude oil by hydrodesulfurization in a slurry reactor: A kinetic study

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of sour crude oil is an effective way to address the corrosion problems in refineries, and is an economic way to process sour crude oil in an existing refinery built for sweet oil. In the current study, the HDS of Siberian crude oil was carried out in a slurry reactor. The Co–Mo, Ni–Mo, and Ni–W catalysts supported on γ-Al₂O₃ were compared at the temperature of 340 °C and the pressure of 4.5 MPa. The HDS activity follows the order of Co–Mo > Ni–Mo > Ni–W at a high concentration of H₂S, and the difference between Co–Mo and Ni–Mo becomes insignificant at a low concentration of H₂S. The influence of reaction temperature 320–360 °C and reaction pressure 3–5.5 MPa was investigated, and both play a positive role in the HDS reaction. A kinetic model over Ni–Mo/Al₂O₃ in the slurry reactor was established. The activation energy is estimated as 60.34 kJ·mol⁻¹; the orders of sulfur components and hydrogen partial pressure are 1.43 and 1.30, respectively. The kinetic parameters are compared with those in a trickle-bed reactor, implying that the mass transfer is greatly enhanced in the slurry reactor. The back mixing effect is present in the slurry reactor and can be reduced by a multi-stage design, which would lead to higher reactor efficiency in industrial application.     

基于ARM的便携式晶体管参数测量平台研制

介绍一种晶体管参数测量平台的方案．给出硬件组成和软件流程。使用ARM处理器及WinCE系统作为软硬件基础,以S3C2410为核心控制电路,利用12位D／A模块TLV5618产生稳定的控制电压、10位A／D模块TLC1543完成电压测量。将晶体管参数测量平台与单片机及传统示波器测量平台做了比较,其测量精度高于示波器,并且在对数据的分析处理能力及速度上ARM优于单片机,结果表明该系统性能可靠、速度快、精度高且便携。     

一种解决乳品厂喷雾干燥物料粘壁问题的方案

本文介绍了乳品厂喷雾干燥物料粘壁的机理、危害以及解决粘壁问题的现状,提出了多段气幕封壁法解决粘壁问题的方案、工作原理、结构及理论计算方法,有助于解决乳品厂生产运行中多年困惑问题。     

基于投资组合理论的虚拟电厂资源优化组合方法

针对虚拟电厂异构资源的优化组合问题,提出了包含需求响应、柔性可控负荷、分布式电源的响应特性模型。以虚拟电厂对互动资源的控制权限为依据,将互动资源响应电量划分为有、无风险资产,将资源响应计划分配问题映射至投资组合理论中资产权重配置问题,以组合风险衡量用户响应电量不确定性,以预期收益最大为目标建立优化组合模型。在此基础上,利用互动资源的分散性,使虚拟电厂向电网提供阻塞管理,并在CIGRE 20 kV中压配电系统上对所提出方法进行验证。算例结果验证了所提模型的实用性。     

Selective Embedding with Gated Fusion for 6D Object Pose Estimation

Neural Processing Letters - Deep learning method for 6D object pose estimation based on RGB image and depth (RGB-D) has been successfully applied to robot grasping. The fusion of RGB and depth is...     

小麦的营养组分及加工过程中的变化

综述了小麦营养组分分布及其加工过程中的变化,分析了出粉率与面粉营养及加工品质之间的关系,并对小麦加工过程中营养组分的平衡提出了展望。     

奥氏体不锈钢渗氮&物理气相沉积复合改性层的组织及性能

通过辉光离子渗扩技术对316L奥氏体不锈钢进行了不同温度下的离子渗氮处理,之后采用物理气相沉积技术在渗氮层外表面制备一层CrN涂层,检测不同温度下离子渗氮+物理气相沉积复合涂层的结合力、硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性,并对其显微组织和物相进行了观测与分析.结果表明:奥氏体不锈钢不同温度渗氮+物理气相沉积复合改性层的组织随渗氮温度的升高从S相(内层)+CrN涂层(外层)转变为不同程度硬质相析出层(内层)+CrN涂层(外层),不同类型的渗氮层与CrN涂层均有良好的结合力;不论是S相层还是硬质相析出层,经过PVD处理后均能在一定程度上提高渗层的表面硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性,其中耐蚀性随着渗氮温度的升高逐渐变差,硬度和耐磨性随渗氮温度的升高而逐渐提升.