Optimization of Quantum Cost for Low Energy Reversible Signed/Unsigned Multiplier Using Urdhva-Tiryakbhyam Sutra

One of the elementary operations in computing systems is multiplication. Therefore, high-speed and low-power multipliers design is mandatory for efficient computing systems. In designing low-energy dissipation circuits, reversible logic is more efficient than irreversible logic circuits but at the cost of higher complexity. This paper introduces an efficient signed/unsigned 4 × 4 reversible Vedic multiplier with minimum quantum cost. The Vedic multiplier is considered fast as it generates all partial product and their sum in one step. This paper proposes two reversible Vedic multipliers with optimized quantum cost and garbage output. First, the unsigned Vedic multiplier is designed based on the Urdhava Tiryakbhyam (UT) Sutra. This multiplier consists of bitwise multiplication and adder compressors. Compared with Vedic multipliers in the literature, the proposed design has a quantum cost of 111 with a reduction of 94% compared to the previous design. It has a garbage output of 30 with optimization of the best-compared design. Second, the proposed unsigned multiplier is expanded to allow the multiplication of signed numbers as well as unsigned numbers. Two signed Vedic multipliers are presented with the aim of obtaining more optimization in performance parameters. DesignI has separate binary two’s complement (B2C) and MUX circuits, while DesignII combines binary two’s complement and MUX circuits in one circuit. DesignI shows the lowest quantum cost, 231, regarding state-of-the-art. DesignII has a quantum cost of 199, reducing to 86.14% of DesignI. The functionality of the proposed multiplier is simulated and verified using XILINX ISE 14.2.     

Political Optimizer with Deep Learning-Enabled Tongue Color Image Analysis Model

Biomedical image processing is widely utilized for disease detection and classification of biomedical images. Tongue color image analysis is an effective and non-invasive tool for carrying out secondary detection at anytime and anywhere. For removing the qualitative aspect, tongue images are quantitatively inspected, proposing a novel disease classification model in an automated way is preferable. This article introduces a novel political optimizer with deep learning enabled tongue color image analysis (PODL-TCIA) technique. The presented PODL-TCIA model purposes to detect the occurrence of the disease by examining the color of the tongue. To attain this, the PODL-TCIA model initially performs image pre-processing to enhance medical image quality. Followed by, Inception with ResNet-v2 model is employed for feature extraction. Besides, political optimizer (PO) with twin support vector machine (TSVM) model is exploited for image classification process, shows the novelty of the work. The design of PO algorithm assists in the optimal parameter selection of the TSVM model. For ensuring the enhanced outcomes of the PODL-TCIA model, a wide-ranging experimental analysis was applied and the outcomes reported the betterment of the PODL-TCIA model over the recent approaches.     

Study of the impact of a new hurdle technology composed of electro‐activated solution and low heat treatment on the canned pea and corn quality and microbial safety

The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of sterilised canned pea and corn in electro‐activated brine solutions at moderate temperatures. The lowest change in vitamin C was associated with the lowest heat treatment, while the short treatment time resulted in significant changes in texture and colour of vegetables. Best texture profile was obtained with the acid electro‐activated brine solution for pea and corn. The neutral electro‐activated brine solution resulted in a less firm texture for pea and corn. The green colour and brightness of canned pea were higher when neutral solution was used (a* = ?8.4 ± 0.3) than for the acidic one (a* = ?3.7 ± 0.6). The yellowness of corn was better with the neutral electro‐activated brine solution (b* = 36.32 ± 1.24) than with the acidic one (b* = 28.44 ± 2.39). Thirty‐three percent decrease of energy consumption was obtained using the electro‐activation technology.     

Structural Characteristics and Electrical Conductivity of Vanadium-doped lithium Ultraphosphate Glasses

Glasses of the 33.5Li₂O-66.5P₂O₅-xV₂O₅ (mol. %) system with (0 ≤ x ≤ 5) were prepared by the normal melting and annealing technique. Their physical and spectroscopic properties such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), density, infrared spectroscopy and electrical conductivity were investigated. The composition dependent density shows an initial decrease at 0.1 mol.% of V₂O₅ followed by an increase in density with further addition of the V₂O₅ content. The structure of these glasses has been studied by recording the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) over the range 400–1800 cm^?1. Vibrational modes are assigned to different types of phosphate groups in the glass network. The temperature (333–452 K) and composition dependence of direct current (DC) electrical conductivity were measured. The electric conductivity is observed to increase with the first addition of vanadium oxide reflecting the presence of V⁴⁺ions that take part within modifying positions in the glass network .Then, the electric conductivity is found to decrease with the further increase in the content of V₂O₅ up to 5 mol.% reflecting the formation of V⁵⁺ions that take part as network forming positions in the glass network. The variations in density and electrical conductivity with V₂O₅ content are discussed in terms of changes in the glass structure.     

Variations in essential oil and fatty acid composition during Myrtus communis var. italica fruit maturation

The essential oil and fatty acid composition of Myrtus communis var. italica fruit during its ripening was determined. The effect of the harvesting time on some physical properties of Myrtus fruits, fruit weight and moisture content, were significant. The increase of fruit weight (from 2.54 to 8.79 g% fruits) during ripeness was correlated positively with that of moisture content (from 28% to 72%). Fruit essential oil yields varied from 0.003% to 0.01% and showed a remarkable increase at 60 days after flowering to reach a maximum of 0.11%. Forty-seven volatile compounds were identified in fruit essential oils; 1,8-cineole (7.31–40.99%), geranyl acetate (1.83–20.54%), linalool (0.74–18.92%) and α-pinene (1.24–12.64%) were the main monoterpene compounds. Total fatty acid contents varied from 0.81% to 3.10% during fruit maturation and the predominant fatty acids were linoleic (12.21–71.34%), palmitic (13.58–37.07%) and oleic (6.49–21.89%) acids. The linoleic acid proportions correlated inversely with palmitic and oleic acids during all the stages of ripening.     

The composition of fatty acids in the tissues of Tunisian swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

The objective of this study was to compare the composition of fatty acids stored in the various parts of swordfish. Muscle and organ sections of a series of swordfish samples were collected. Their chemical analysis allowed the classification of swordfish as a semi-fatty fish, with its byproducts totalling 35.6% of the total fatty acids (TFA) and its white and red muscles (MR) 7.2%. The highest contents were found in the liver (26%), the gonads (4.7%) and the red muscle (RM) (4.5%). The UFA/SFA ratio as recommended by nutritionists is 3; in the liver, skin and RM samples this ratio was, respectively, 3.5, 2.8 and 2.7. There is a high level of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in swordfish. More than 40% of the muscular tissues are made up of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the n-3 series (EPA + DHA). The byproducts contain more than 30% of monounsaturated acids characterised by the fatty acids of the n-9 series and particularly by oleic acid.     

Composition and insecticidal activity of essential oil from Pistacia lentiscus L. against Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

This study reports investigations on the chemical constituents and fumigant toxicity of Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae) essential oil against two major stored-date insects, carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller and Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. Results showed that P. lentiscus essential oil contained terpinene-4-ol (23.32%), α-terpineol (7.12%) and β-caryophyllene (22.62%) as major compounds. Fumigant toxicity tests showed that P. lentiscus oil was more toxic to E. kuehniella (LC₅₀ = 1.84 μl/l, LC₉₅ = 5.14 μl/l) than E. ceratoniae (LC₅₀ = 3.29 μl/l, LC₉₅ = 14.24 μl/l). The fecundity and hatching rate of both insects decreased with increases in concentration or exposure time to the oil. At 136 μl/l air, fecundities and hatching rates were respectively 35 eggs/female and 42.86% for E. ceratoniae and 78 eggs/female and 29.49% for E. kuehniella.     

钢筋混凝土厚板裂缝间距的分析模型

建立一个简单、实用的新模型预测正交钢筋混凝土板的开裂行为。新的模型能解释箍筋对开裂行为的影响,同时也考虑了影响钢筋混凝土构件开裂行为的主要参数,包括混凝土抗拉强度、配筋率、钢筋直径、间距。采用平衡和协调方程,对钢筋混凝土单元进行研究,以求出钢筋和混凝土的平均应力。对本文试验研究结果以及涉及不同结构单元、荷载条件的已有研究成果进行一系列验证比较可知。所提出的裂缝间距模型能够预测不同荷载阶段的裂缝宽度值。在所研究案例中,试验值与模型预测值吻合较好。     

A simulation optimisation tool for planning of low-income housing projects

Construction of low-income housing projects is a recurring process and is associated with uncertainties that arise from the unavailability of resources. This paper presents a case study that discusses how computer simulation and optimisation are used to aid government agencies and/or contractors in planning of such projects. It illustrates the optimisation of project objectives, taking into consideration the interaction amongst involved resources. As such, total duration and the associated total costs, including direct and indirect costs, can be estimated and optimised. One Youth Habitation project that is executed in 6th of October City in Egypt is analysed in a step-by-step procedure to demonstrate the capability of proposed computer simulation and optimisation prototype (named LIHouse{_}Sim) in the modelling construction of low-income housing projects using bearing block walls with hollow core technique. The presented tool proves its practicality to contractors in estimating the time and costs of the recurring process of low-income housing construction, considering complex interdependencies between construction resources and the uncertainties associated with construction activities. The LIHouse{_}Sim prototype is used to perform a wide analysis for the alternative of the effective optimisation criteria in the bearing block walls/hollow core technique and for the genetic algorithm optimisation approach elements.