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1.
Raimund Kirner Jens Knoop Adrian Prantl Markus Schordan Albrecht Kadlec 《Software and Systems Modeling》2011,10(3):411-437
Worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis is concerned with computing a precise-as-possible bound for the maximum time the execution of a program can
take. This information is indispensable for developing safety-critical real-time systems, e. g., in the avionics and automotive
fields. Starting with the initial works of Chen, Mok, Puschner, Shaw, and others in the mid and late 1980s, WCET analysis
turned into a well-established and vibrant field of research and development in academia and industry. The increasing number
and diversity of hardware and software platforms and the ongoing rapid technological advancement became drivers for the development
of a wide array of distinct methods and tools for WCET analysis. The precision, generality, and efficiency of these methods
and tools depend much on the expressiveness and usability of the annotation languages that are used to describe feasible and infeasible program paths. In this article we survey the annotation languages which
we consider formative for the field. By investigating and comparing their individual strengths and limitations with respect
to a set of pivotal criteria, we provide a coherent overview of the state of the art. Identifying open issues, we encourage
further research. This way, our approach is orthogonal and complementary to a recent approach of Wilhelm et al. who provide
a thorough survey of WCET analysis methods and tools that have been developed and used in academia and industry. 相似文献
2.
This paper presents a solution to the test time minimization problem for core-based systems. We assume a hybrid BIST approach, where a test set is assembled, for each core, from pseudorandom test patterns that are generated online, and deterministic test patterns that are generated off-line and stored in the system. In this paper we propose an iterative algorithm to find the optimal combination of pseudorandom and deterministic test sets of the whole system, consisting of multiple cores, under given memory constraints, so that the total test time is minimized. Our approach employs a fast estimation methodology in order to avoid exhaustive search and to speed-up the calculation process. Experimental results have shown the efficiency of the algorithm to find near optimal solutions. 相似文献
3.
Raimund J. Ober 《International journal of control》2013,86(4):332-344
A new approach is presented for the realization of continuous-time finite dimensional linear systems. Using standard results on Laplace transforms our results are also used to present a new derivation of Fuhrmann's shift realization for rational matrix functions. 相似文献
4.
5.
Theme issue on personal projection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
6.
Sandra Schlögl Marie-Luise Trutschel Walter Chassé Ilse Letofsky-Papst Raimund Schaller Armin Holzner Gisbert Riess Wolfgang Kern Kay Saalwächter 《Polymer》2014
The photo-vulcanization with versatile thiol-ene chemistry represents an innovative approach to crosslink diene-rubber materials both in latex and in solid film state. In this work, the structure of elastomer-based thiol-ene networks and the morphology after film formation are studied in detail using electron microscopic techniques, atomic force microscopy and multiple-quantum solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Additionally, film formation properties and corresponding macroscopic properties of photo-vulcanized natural rubber (NR) latex and its synthetic counterpart, isoprene rubber (IR) latex, are determined in dependence on the curing procedure (pre- and post-vulcanization). The results reveal that thiol-ene cured elastomers comprise homogenously distributed crosslinks with a low amount of short chain defects. Whilst photochemically pre-cured NR latex particles provide coherent films, the film formation and mechanical properties of IR are strongly governed by the crosslink density of the latex particles. In film state, photo-vulcanization promotes narrow crosslink distributions and excellent tensile properties of both NR and IR. 相似文献
7.
Georg Raimund Pirrung Maarten Paul van der Laan Nstor Ramos‐García Alexander Raul Meyer Forsting 《风能》2020,23(4):1154-1163
The loading of a wind turbine decreases towards the blade tip because of the velocities induced by the tip vortex. This tip loss effect has to be taken into account when performing actuator disc simulations, where the single blades of the turbine are not modeled. A widely used method applies a factor on the axial and tangential loading of the turbine. This factor decreases when approaching the blade tip. It has been shown that the factor should be different for the axial and tangential loading of the turbine to model the rotation of the resulting force vector at the airfoil sections caused by the induced velocity. The present article contains the derivation of a simple correction for the tangential load factor that takes this rotation into account. The correction does not need any additional curve fitting but just depends on the local airfoil characteristics and angle of attack. Actuator disc computations with the modified tip loss correction show improved agreement with results from actuator line, free wake lifting line, and blade element momentum simulations. 相似文献
8.
9.
To investigate the deformation characteristics of billets with liquid core during soft reduction and to clarify the correlation between internal cracks and deformation of the billet in the mushy zone, a fully coupled thermo‐mechanical Finite Element Model was developed in ABAQUS, furthermore, casting and soft reduction tests were carried out in a laboratory strand casting machine. During soft reduction the temperature distribution, the stress and strain states in the billet were calculated, the deformation characteristics of the billet during soft reduction were determined and the relation between internal cracks and equivalent plastic strain as well as maximal principal stress was analysed. The results show that tensile stresses can develop in the mushy zone during soft reduction and the equivalent strain nearby the Zero Ductility Temperature (ZDT) increases with a decreasing solid fraction. Internal cracks can be initiated when the accumulated strain exceeds the critical strain and /or the applied tensile stress exceeds the critical fracture stress during solidification. In addition, the factors (reduction efficiency and internal cracks) that should be considered to determine the optimal parameter for the soft reduction were established. 相似文献
10.
Klaus-Peter Hinz Raimund Kaufmann Bernhard Spengler 《Aerosol science and technology》2013,47(4):233-242
ABSTRACT The instrumental setup used for simultaneous bipolar ion detection in on-line single-particle analysis by laser mass spectrometry is described. Particle size calibration has been performed using aerodynamic time-of-flight techniques. Mass spectra of several hundred ambient particles with aerodynamic diameters of 0.8 μm have been evaluated for statistical classification (Principal Components Analysis [PCA]) in order to identify main chemical components of the prominent particle classes. 相似文献