Improvement of Flat Surfaces Quality of Aluminum Alloy 6061-O By a Proposed Trajectory of Ball Burnishing Tool

Burnishing is a profitable process of surface finishing due to its ability to be automated, which makes burnishing method more desirable than other finishing methods. To obtain high surface finish, non-stop operation is required for CNC machine and we can attain that by choosing a suitable trajectory of the finishing tool. In other words, burnishing paths should be multidirectional rather than monotonic, in order to cover uniformly the surface. Indeed, the burnishing force is also a key parameter of the burnishing process because it determines the degree of plastic deformation, and that makes determining the optimum burnishing force an essential step of the burnishing process a success. Therefore, we consider the strategy of ball burnishing path and the burnishing force as variable parameters in this study. In this paper, we propose a new strategy of burnishing tool path with trochoid cycles that achieves a multidirectional burnishing of the surface according to various patterns. Taking into consideration the optimum burnishing force, to improve flat surface finish of AL6061-O samples by reducing the surface roughness parameter (Rz). Experiments carried out on 3-axis milling machine show that the proposed trochoidal path is more effective than the conventional one.     

Chelation properties of poly(2‐hydroxy‐4‐acryloyloxybenzophenone) resins toward some divalent metal ions

The chelation behavior of poly(2‐hydroxy‐4‐acryloyloxybenzophenone) [poly(2H4ABP) or polymer I ] obtained through the free‐radical polymerization of 2‐hydroxy‐4‐acryloyloxybenzophenone monomer and for crosslinked polymers prepared from the monomer and known amounts of the crosslinker divinylbenzene (DVB) [4 mol % of DVB for polymer II, 8 mol % of DVB for polymer III, and 16 mol 16% of DVB for polymer IV ] toward the divalent metal ions Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺ in aqueous solution was studied by a batch equilibration technique as a function of contact time and pH. The effect of the crosslinker, DVB, was also studied. The metal‐ion uptake of the polymers was determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the highest uptake was achieved at pH 7.0 for polymers I, II, III, and IV. The selectivity and binding capacity of the resins toward the investigated divalent metal ions are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Segmentation of hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic liver tumors in histopathology images using area based adaptive expectation maximization

The differentiation of a cluster of nuclei and multi-nucleation is a critical issue in automated diagnosis systems. Due to the similarities between said clusters and malignant nuclei, misclassification of these regions can affect the automated systems’ final decision. In this paper, a method for differentiating clusters from multi nucleated cells in histopathological images is proposed. Hepatocellular Carcinoma(HCC) and Dysplasia are characterized by cellular and nuclear enlargement, nuclear pleomorphism and multinucleation, which possess prominent threat Data was obtained from Global Hospital and Research Center from patients diagnosed with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Dysplasia. This paper introduces a hybrid diagnosis method that uses texture, layout and context features of nuclei and cytoplastic cells in order to enhance the poor diagnosis of liver tumors in Infra Red (IR) images. We propose a Area based Adaptive Expectation Maximization(EM) that grows the clusters, which avoids the need for initial cluster selection in order to obtain texton maps of nuclei and cytoplasm. A linear regression model of nuclei and cytoplastic changes were built by incorporating the aforementioned features efficiently. The proposed method provides better classification and segmentation accuracy of nuclei and extra nuclear content in HCC and dysplasia, compared to the state-of-the-art methods like convolutional networks and classical methods like Adaptive K means and EM method in constant time. In conclusion, this system detects the malignant cells and the highly eligible precancerous cells which is cost effective and reproducible.     

DravidianCodeMix: sentiment analysis and offensive language identification dataset for Dravidian languages in code-mixed text

Language Resources and Evaluation - This paper describes the development of a multilingual, manually annotated dataset for three under-resourced Dravidian languages generated from social media...     

Enhanced meta-heuristic methods for industrial winding process modelling

Nonlinear industrial system modelling entails two critical phases: The first is selecting a method in order to estimate the parameter list values, and the second is selecting a proper model structure with a relatively short parameter list. Developing a comprehensive model for an industrial design process is critical for the model-based control system. This article presents a model-based strategy that aims to develop three linear and three nonlinear dynamic models using three well-known meta-heuristic optimization algorithms to simulate a challenging plant-wide process. As a case study, an industrial real winding process (WP) is targeted to accomplish the aim of this study. The algorithms have been optimized to find the best weights of the inputs of the WP with a key issue to effectively describe the behaviour aspects of the process. To test the validity of the developed models, a series of experiments were carried out on each of the developed linear and nonlinear models. Several relevant evaluation metric measures are used to demonstrate the models' performance level. The experimental results for training and test sets of 1250 independent samples for each set based upon the proposed modelling schemes show that the mean square error to correctly model the WP occurred in less than 0.001. A comparison of the developed intelligent linear and nonlinear models with the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) models obtained through the evaluation criteria asserts the effectiveness of the proposed models-based approaches.     

Comparison of sulphur in HNO3-extracted and physically cleaned coals

The sulphur contents of eight bituminous and subbituminous coals, after extraction with nitric acid, are compared with the sulphur contents of physically cleaned samples of the coals. Samples of −60 mesh (250 μm) coal were extracted with boiling 2 M HNO₃, which removes essentially all mineral sulphur. After washing and drying, the extracted samples were analysed for moisture, ash, and total sulphur. The dry, ash-free (daf) sulphur values for the eight coals obtained by this method show excellent agreement with the daf sulphur values for physically cleaned samples of the coals. The physically cleaned samples were prepared by float/sink separation of −60 mesh coal in 1.30 specific gravity media, followed by milling the float coal to particle sizes less than 10 μm and subsequent float/sink-centrifugation cleaning. The daf sulphur values determined in the HNO₃-extracted and physically cleaned samples were less than those obtained using ASTM Method D 2492 and differed by as much as 1.3%.     

The effect of crosslinking on the adsorption behavior of copper (II) onto poly(2‐hydroxy‐4‐acryloyloxybenzophenone)

The adsorption behavior of Cu(II) ions onto poly(2‐hydroxy‐4‐acryloyloxybenzophenone), polymer I, and onto poly(2‐hydroxy‐4‐acryloyloxybenzophenone) crosslinked with different amounts of divinylbenzene (DVB), polymers II, III, and IV, in aqueous solutions was investigated using batch adsorption experiments as a function of contact time, pH, and temperature. The amount of metal ion uptake of the polymers was determined by using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and the highest uptake was achieved at pH 7.0 and by using perchlorate as an ionic strength adjuster for polymers I, II, III, and IV. Results revealed that the adsorption capacity (q_e and Q_m) of Cu(II) ions decreases with increasing crosslinking due to the decrease of chelation sites. In addition, the rate of adsorption (k₂) of Cu(II) ions decreases with the increase of crosslinking because it becomes more difficult for Cu(II) ions to diffuse into the chelation sites. The isothermal behavior and the kinetics of adsorption of Cu(II) ions on these polymers with respect to the initial mass of the polymer and temperature were also investigated. The experimental data of the adsorption process was found to correlate well with the Langmuir isotherm model. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Predicting the Corrosion Rate of Medium Carbon Steel Using Artificial Neural Networks

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - Medium carbon steel is commonly used in waterfront structures, i.e., ports, and piers, where it is surrounded by very aggressive...