UEs Power Reduction Evolution with Adaptive Mechanism over LTE Wireless Networks

At present, the major drawback for mobile phones is the issue of power consumption. As one of the alternatives to decrease the power consumption of standard, power-hungry location-based services usually require the knowledge of how individual phone features consume power. A typical phone feature is that the applications related to multimedia streaming utilize more power while receiving, processing, and displaying the multimedia contents, thus contributing to the increased power consumption. There is a growing concern that current battery modules have limited capability in fulfilling the long-term energy need for the progress on the mobile phone because of increasing power consumption during multimedia streaming processes. Considering this, in this paper, we provide an offline meaning sleep-mode method to compute the minimum power consumption comparing with the power-on solution to save power by implementing energy rate adaptation (RA) mechanism based on mobile excess energy level purpose to save battery power use. Our simulation results show that our RA method preserves efficient power while achieving better throughput compared with the mechanism without rate adaptation (WRA).     

Structural Evolution of Q-Carbon and Nanodiamonds

This article provides insights pertaining to the first-order phase transformation involved in the growth of densely packed Q-carbon and nanodiamonds by nanosecond laser melting and quenching of diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films. DLC films with different sp³ content were melted rapidly in a controlled way in super-undercooled state and quenched, leading to formation of distinct nanostructures, i.e., nanodiamonds, Q-carbon, and Q-carbon nanocomposites. This analysis provides direct evidence of the dependence of the super-undercooling on the structural evolution of Q-carbon. Finite element heat flow calculations showed that the super-undercooling varies monotonically with the sp³ content. The phenomenon of solid–liquid interfacial instability during directional solidification from the melt state is studied in detail. The resulting lateral segregation leads to formation of cellular filamentary Q-carbon nanostructures. The dependence of the cell size and wavelength at the onset of instability on the sp³ content of DLC thin films was modeled based on perturbation theory.     

Computational study on metal hydride based three-stage hydrogen compressor

A mathematical model for predicting the performances of a three-stage metal hydride based hydrogen compressor (MHHC) is presented. The performance of the MHHC is predicted by solving the unsteady heat and mass transfer characteristics of the coupled metal hydride beds of cylindrical configuration. The governing equations for energy, momentum and mass conservations, and reaction kinetic equations are solved simultaneously using the finite volume method. Metal hydrides chosen for a three-stage MHHC are LaNi₅, MmNi_4.6Al_0.4 and Ti_0.99Zr_0.01V_0.43Fe_0.99Cr_0.05Mn_1.5. Numerical results obtained for a single-stage MHHC using MmNi_4.6Al_0.4 are in good agreement with the experimental data reported in the literature. Using three-stage compression, a maximum pressure ratio of 28 is achieved for the supply conditions of 20 °C absorption temperature and 2.5 bar supply pressure. A maximum delivery pressure of 100 bar is obtained for the operating conditions of 20 °C absorption temperature and 120 °C desorption temperature.     

Influence of copper doping on structural and dielectric response on sodium lithium tri titanates (Na1.9Li0.1)Ti3O7:X Cu (0.0?≤?X?≤?0.1)

Pure and Cu-doped [(Na_1.9Li_0.1) Ti₃O₇XCu (0.01?≤?X?≤?1.0)] layered ceramics are prepared via the conventional solid state reaction method. The microstructure, dielectric properties and ac conductivity of copper doped (Na_1.9Li_0.1) Ti₃O₇ have been investigated. The XRD results indicate that copper ions enter the unit cell maintaining the layered structure of solid solution. The dependence of loss tangent (tanδ) and relative permittivity (ε_r) on temperature range (373–573?K) and frequency ranges (100?kHz–1?MHz) have been repeated for [(Na_1.9Li_0.1) Ti₃O₇]XCu (0.01?≤?X?≤?1.0)]. The dielectric losses in copper doped derivatives of layered (Na_2-xLi_xTi₃O₇) (where X?=?0.1) ceramic are the cooperative contribution of electrical conductions, dipole orientation and space change polarization. The peaks of relative permittivity at high temperature indicate a possible ferroelectric phase transition. It is observed that low doping of paramagnetic ions (Cu²⁺) enhances electron hopping (polaron) conduction and impedes the interlayer ionic conduction. However, electron hopping conduction is dominant over lower temperature region, but as temperature raises interlayer ionic conduction begins to prevail.