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排序方式: 共有217条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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An investigation showing the performance of compact long period grating (LPG) pairs under demanding experimental conditions, making comparisons with the use of single LPGs for the simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature is presented. In this work, a LPG pair (LPGP) sensor comprising two weak (2.5 dB each) LPGs, 13 mm apart, was compared against the performance of two single LPG sensors (LPG1 & LPG2) with coupling strengths of 2.5 dB and 12.5 dB, respectively. All the LPG sensors used were subjected to extreme conditions arising from the fabrication, by choosing a high amplitude mask period with short physical length LPGs, and the high temperature annealing processes. In addition, a low resolution detection instrument was used to capture the spectra under study. Results have shown that the LPGP is 40 times better than the first single LPG used (LPG1) and three times better than the second LPG (LPG2). Using the error analysis methodology of Brady et al., the temperature and strain errors due to the uncertainty of the wavelength measurement for each of the LPG1, LPG2, and LPGP were compared with the typical performance of various fibre Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensor schemes under similar testing conditions. It was found that LPGPs offer the best performance especially when using low resolution detection instrumentation. 相似文献
3.
The provision of online public goods: Examining social structure in an electronic network of practice 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Electronic networks of practice are computer-mediated social spaces where individuals working on similar problems self-organize to help each other and share knowledge, advice, and perspectives about their occupational practice or common interests. These interactions occur through message postings to produce an on-line public good of knowledge, where all participants in the network can then access this knowledge, regardless of their active participation in the network. Using theories and concepts of collective action and public goods, five hypotheses are developed regarding the structural and social characteristics that support the online provision and maintenance of knowledge in an electronic network of practice. Using social network analysis, we examine the structure of message contributions that produce and sustain the public good. We then combine the results from network analysis with survey results to examine the underlying pattern of exchange, the role of the critical mass, the quality of the ties sustaining participation, the heterogeneity of resources and interests of participants, and changes in membership that impact the structural characteristics of the network. Our results suggest that the electronic network of practice chosen for this study is sustained through generalized exchange, is supported by a critical mass of active members, and that members develop strong ties with the community as a whole rather than develop interpersonal relationships. Knowledge contribution is significantly related to an individual's tenure in the occupation, expertise, availability of local resources and a desire to enhance one's reputation, and those in the critical mass are primarily responsible for creating and sustaining the public good of knowledge. Finally, we find that this structure of generalized exchange is stable over time although there is a high proportion of member churn in the network. 相似文献
4.
Samer Hanoun Asim Bhatti Doug Creighton Saeid Nahavandi Phillip Crothers Celeste Gloria Esparza 《Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing》2016,27(6):1221-1235
In this paper, we investigate the camera network placement problem for target coverage in manufacturing workplaces. The problem is formulated to find the minimum number of cameras of different types and their best configurations to maximise the coverage of the monitored workplace such that the given set of target points of interest are each k-covered with a predefined minimum spatial resolution. Since the problem is NP-complete, and even NP-hard to approximate, a novel method based on Simulated Annealing is presented to solve the optimisation problem. A new neighbourhood generation function is proposed to handle the discrete nature of the problem. The visual coverage is modelled using realistic and coherent assumptions of camera intrinsic and extrinsic parameters making it suitable for many real world camera based applications. Task-specific quality of coverage measure is proposed to assist selecting the best among the set of camera network placements with equal coverage. A 3D CAD of the monitored space is used to examine physical occlusions of target points. The results show the accuracy, efficiency and scalability of the presented solution method; which can be applied effectively in the design of practical camera networks. 相似文献
5.
Hirani ZM Decarolis JF Lehman G Adham SS Jacangelo JG 《Water science and technology》2012,66(4):865-871
Nine different membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems with different process configurations (submerged and external), membrane geometries (hollow-fiber, flat-sheet, and tubular), membrane materials (polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) and membrane nominal pore sizes (0.03-0.2 μm) were evaluated to assess the impact of influent microbial concentration, membrane pore size and membrane material and geometries on removal of microbial indicators by MBR technology. The log removal values (LRVs) for microbial indicators increased as the influent concentrations increased. Among the wide range of MBR systems evaluated, the total and fecal coliform bacteria and indigenous MS-2 coliphage were detected in 32, 9 and 15% of the samples, respectively; the 50th percentile LRVs were measured at 6.6, 5.9 and 4.5 logs, respectively. The nominal pore sizes of the membranes, membrane materials and geometries did not show a strong correlation with the LRVs. 相似文献
6.
Metaheuristics and exact methods to solve a multiobjective parallel machines scheduling problem 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Xiaohui Li Farouk Yalaoui Lionel Amodeo Hicham Chehade 《Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing》2012,23(4):1179-1194
This paper deals with a multiobjective parallel machines scheduling problem. It consists in scheduling n independent jobs on m identical parallel machines. The job data such as processing times, release dates, due dates and sequence dependent setup times are considered. The goal is to optimize two different objectives: the makespan and the total tardiness. A mixed integer linear program is proposed to model the studied problem. As this problem is NP-hard in the strong sense, a metaheuristic method which is the second version of the non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is proposed to solve this problem. Since the parameters setting of a genetic algorithm is difficult, a fuzzy logic controller coupled with the NSGA-II (FLC-NSGA-II) is therefore proposed. The role of the fuzzy logic is to better set the crossover and the mutation probabilities in order to update the search ability. After that, an exact method based on the two phase method is also developed. We have used four measuring criteria to compare these methods. The experimental results show the advantages and the efficiency of FLC-NSGA-II. 相似文献
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In this article, we introduce a new bi-directional dual-relay selection strategy with its bit error rate (BER) performance analysis. During the first step of the proposed strategy, two relays out of a set of N relay-nodes are selected in a way to optimize the system performance in terms of BER, based on the suggested algorithm which checks if the selected relays using the max-min criterion are the best ones. In the second step, the chosen relay-nodes perform an orthogonal space-time coding scheme using the two-phase relaying protocol to establish a bi-directional communication between the communicating terminals, leading to a significant improvement in the achievable coding and diversity gain. To further improve the overall system performance, the selected relay-nodes apply also a digital network coding scheme. Furthermore, this paper discusses the analytical approximation of the BER performance of the proposed strategy, where we prove that the analytical results match almost perfectly the simulated ones. Finally, our simulation results show that the proposed strategy outperforms the current state-of-the-art ones. 相似文献
9.
Aminu Umar Kura Nooraini Mohd Ain Mohd Zobir Hussein Sharida Fakurazi Samer Hasan Hussein-Al-Ali 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(4):5916-5927
Layered hydroxide nanoparticles are generally biocompatible, and less toxic than most inorganic nanoparticles, making them an acceptable alternative drug delivery system. Due to growing concern over animal welfare and the expense of in vivo experiments both the public and the government are interested to find alternatives to animal testing. The toxicity potential of zinc aluminum layered hydroxide (ZAL) nanocomposite containing anti-Parkinsonian agent may be determined using a PC 12 cell model. ZAL nanocomposite demonstrated a decreased cytotoxic effect when compared to levodopa on PC12 cells with more than 80% cell viability at 100 μg/mL compared to less than 20% cell viability in a direct levodopa exposure. Neither levodopa-loaded nanocomposite nor the un-intercalated nanocomposite disturbed the cytoskeletal structure of the neurogenic cells at their IC50 concentration. Levodopa metabolite (HVA) released from the nanocomposite demonstrated the slow sustained and controlled release character of layered hydroxide nanoparticles unlike the burst uptake and release system shown with pure levodopa treatment. 相似文献
10.
Samer Aouad Cedric Gennequin Mary Mrad Haingomalala Lucette Tidahy Jane Estephane Antoine Aboukaïs Edmond Abi‐Aad 《国际能源研究杂志》2016,40(9):1287-1292
The wet impregnation method was used to prepare different ruthenium promoted Ce–Al catalysts. These catalysts were used in the steam reforming of methanol reaction (SRM). The effects of the reaction temperature (200–400 C) and the catalyst composition were studied for optimization reasons. The steam to methanol molar ratio was kept constant (S/M = 2). The promotion of cerium/aluminum oxides with Ru enhanced their catalytic activity. The catalytic test results showed that the Ru/Ce combination was the most beneficial. The synergy between Ru and cerium oxide led to the formation of active sites with excellent redox properties. For high active phase content, the 5 RuCe catalyst exhibited the highest hydrogen production amount with no CO formation. This catalyst was kept under stream for 5 days at 400 C, and no significant deactivation was observed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献