深水井控中节流管线摩阻分析及压井方法

在海洋深水钻井中，防喷器组一般安装在海底，当发生井涌进行压井作业时．由于节流管线较长、内径较小，钻井液在节流管线内存在高摩阻损失，作用在井底的压力往往大于地层的破裂压力．从而引起压井过程的复杂化，甚至造成压井作业的失败。介绍了一种新的压井方法附加流量法，在返出的节流管线流体中混入低密度流体，降低节流管线内流体的粘度和密度，从而实现安全压井；详细介绍了压井方法和步骤。数据分析表明，通过对压井参数进行优化选择能够降低节流管线中的压耗。     

小浪底水库坝前漏斗区泥沙测验分析

小浪底水库坝前漏斗区的形成和发展,直接影响到枢纽建筑物的安全运行。为了保持塔前“门前清,”掌握坝前漏斗区的形成和发展,保证水库进入拦沙后期和正常运用期的正常运用,对坝前漏斗区进行了泥沙测验分析。结果表明:目前漏斗区范围内纵向坡度较缓,尚没有明显的漏斗形成,仅在坝前和塔前200m×1000m范围形成了漏斗雏形。     

液压系统高效冷却净化一体化技术研究

实验研究了管壳式热交换器壳侧流动和多孔介质强化传热技术 ,实验证实 ,壳侧采用螺旋板和多孔介质具有很好的强化传热效果 ,螺旋板的最佳角度为 40°,多孔介质的最佳孔隙率为 0 .985。同时研究了高梯度磁净化技术 ,探讨了冷却净化一体化的兼容性和互惠性。研制了一种管壳式冷却净化器 ,测试表明 ,管壳式冷却净化器对 10 μm以上的颗粒的过滤效率为84%,比一般磁过滤器效率高 2 .1倍 ;壳侧对流换热系数比现有冷却器高19.7%。     

Conformation of polyacrylamide in aqueous solution with interactive additives and cosolvents

The viscosity of polyacrylamide (PAM) dilute aqueous solutions with NaCl, glucose, and SDS as additives was measured by Ubbelohde viscometry. There was linear relationship between reduced viscosity vs. PAM concentration in aqueous solutions. The Huggins constant k and intrinsic viscosity [η] were used to study the conformation of the polymer chains and the degree of polymer–solvent interaction. In addition, the viscosity of diluted PAM solutions in water with acetone, ethanol, DMF, and ethylene glycol as cosolvent was measured. It was found that the polymer chain conformation contracted as the acetone, ethanol, and DMF cosolvent composition ratio increased, but there was no distinguishing difference between water–ethylene glycol compositions. The solution properties of PAM were used to estimate the swelling properties of PAM gel in the same external conditions, as gel is formed by crosslinking of linear polymer. In good solvent the polymer chain should be expanded, and gel is expected to have large swelling ratio. In water cosolvent systems, when the linear polymer chain underwent coil–globule transition, PAM gel should have volume phase transition under corresponding external conditions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3122–3129, 2003     

Automatic 3D Indoor Scene Updating with RGBD Cameras

Since indoor scenes are frequently changed in daily life, such as re‐layout of furniture, the 3D reconstructions for them should be flexible and easy to update. We present an automatic 3D scene update algorithm to indoor scenes by capturing scene variation with RGBD cameras. We assume an initial scene has been reconstructed in advance in manual or other semi‐automatic way before the change, and automatically update the reconstruction according to the newly captured RGBD images of the real scene update. It starts with an automatic segmentation process without manual interaction, which benefits from accurate labeling training from the initial 3D scene. After the segmentation, objects captured by RGBD camera are extracted to form a local updated scene. We formulate an optimization problem to compare to the initial scene to locate moved objects. The moved objects are then integrated with static objects in the initial scene to generate a new 3D scene. We demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of our approach by updating the 3D scene of several real‐world scenes.     

DCS控制系统在粗苯蒸馏工艺中的应用

针对传统粗苯蒸馏工艺人工调节频繁,调节不及时、不准确,产品质量不稳定,劳动负荷大等问题,通过引入DCS控制系统,建立计算机自动调节模型,调整函数的微分和积分变量实现脱苯塔塔顶回流量、进再生塔的蒸汽量和管式加热炉富油出口温度的自动控制,从而实现粗苯生产工艺的稳定、高产、优质和低耗。     

Na_2O－ZnO－CaO－Al_2O_3－SiO_2烧结微晶玻璃的试制

Ｎａ＿２Ｏ－ＺｎＯ－ＣａＯ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－ＳｉＯ＿２烧结微晶玻璃的试制刘世权，许淑惠，袁怡松，杨晓晶（西北轻工业学院７１２０８１）ＳｉｎｔｅｒｅｄＮａ＿２Ｏ－ＺｎＯ－ＣａＯ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－ＳｉＯ＿２ＧｌａｓｓＣｅｒａｍｉｃｓ￥ＬｉｕＳｈｉｑｕａｎ...     

地温对天燃气中压管道管材选择的影响

介绍管道管顶地温对天然气中压管道管材选择的影响,以广东地区一段长为5 000 m的天然气中压管道为例,考虑温度对P_(MOP)的影响,从工程投资、施工难易程度、后期管网运行维护等方面,对天燃气中压管网管材选择进行分析.     

基于能量流和仿真的压铸机能耗建模与评估北大核心

针对压铸机能耗高、能量利用率低的问题,提出一种基于能量流和仿真的压铸机能耗模型,研究压铸机能耗特性与重要工艺参数对系统能耗的影响;针对压铸机能耗等级评估周期长、成本高的问题,提出一种基于能耗模型仿真测算压铸机能耗等级的新方法。分析压铸机的能量流特性,根据其能耗分布规律和能量守恒原理,构建压铸机能耗计算模型;采用AMESim与C语言联合仿真,建立压铸机液压系统能耗仿真模型,研究压铸机不同增压压力与不同快压射速度对系统能耗的影响;仿真得出压铸机能耗数据,并按相关标准评估压铸机的能效等级。研究结果显示合开模过程能效较高,有用功约占总能耗的50%;压射过程能效较低,有用功约占总能耗的21%,快速压射阶段瞬时功率非常高;增压压力与快速压射速度变化均对压射机构能耗影响较小;仿真测算出的压铸机能效等级与实测结果接近,比能耗误差为8%,显示提出模型与方法具有较好的准确性与可行性。     

陕西工业职业技术学院及其材料工程系

陕西工业职业技术学院是教育部批准的实施学历高等职业教育的全日制高等学校 ,其前身咸阳机器制造学校 ,建校 5 0年来 ,培养大、中专毕业生 4万余名。学院现有教职工 10 11人 ,在校生 5 0 0 0余人 ,占地 2 6 .6 7万平方米 ,建筑面积 11.5 8万平方米 ,设有机械、电气、材料、工商管理、人文 5个系和 1个基础部 ,建设有综合实验室 33个