A Phase‐Separation Route to Synthesize Porous CNTs with Excellent Stability for Na+ Storage

Porous carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are obtained by removing MoO₂ nanoparticles from MoO₂@C core@shell nanofibers which are synthesized by phase‐segregation via a single‐needle electrospinning method. The specific surface area of porous CNTs is 502.9 m² g^?1, and many oxygen‐containing functional groups (C? OH, C?O) are present. As anodes for sodium‐ion batteries, the porous CNT electrode displays excellent rate performance and cycling stability (110 mA h g^?1 after 1200 cycles at 5 A g^?1). Those high properties can be attributed to the porous structure and surface modification to steadily store Na⁺ with high capacity. The work provides a facile and broadly applicable way to fabricate the porous CNTs and their composites for batteries, catalysts, and fuel cells.     

影响热障涂层失效因素的研究现状及展望

热障涂层(TBCs)具有良好的隔热性能,是燃气轮机高温部件的关键材料,在高温服役过程中,涂层脱落会导致部件工作失效,因此为获得长寿命热障涂层,涂层的脱落失效机理是急需深入研究的问题。综述了热应力、α-Al_2O_3生长、外应力、热生长氧化层(TGO)起伏及孔隙率等缺陷对涂层应力发展的影响,探讨了微裂纹的产生、扩展及脱落的失效过程,最后展望了研究热障涂层失效及提高涂层寿命的努力方向和前景。     

硅烷偶联剂表面改性玄武岩纤维增强复合材料研究进展

表面改性是增强玄武岩纤维与基体材料之间结合性能的关键。综述了硅烷偶联剂表面改性以及酸、碱刻蚀,等离子处理辅助协同硅烷偶联剂表面改性玄武岩纤维的研究进展,介绍了硅烷偶联剂表面改性玄武岩纤维在聚合物基复合材料中的应用,并对发展趋势进行了展望,同时分析了硅烷偶联剂表面改性玄武岩纤维当前存在的问题。     

Recent Advances in Counter Electrodes for Thiolate-mediated Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on disulfide/thiolate (T₂/T⁻) redox couples have attracted remarkable attention due to their high efficiency and low cost. As an indispensible part of DSSCs, counter electrode (CE) design plays a crucial role in high efficiency DSSCs. This mini-review paper selectively reviews the recent advances in T-mediated DSSCs using novel CE (namely cathode) materials, mainly including noble metal platinum (Pt), carbon materials, transition metal compounds (TMCs), polymers, and hybrids, thus highlighting the merits and demerits of alternative Pt catalysts, and the prospects and challenges of Pt-free CEs for the development of high-performance and low-cost DSSCs.     

低碳源条件下反硝化同步除磷脱氮的研究

对低碳源条件下反硝化同步除磷脱氮的影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,在低碳源情况下,硝基氮的消耗与磷的吸收呈线性关系,在厌氧段维持合适硝基氮与磷的质量比,可较好地实现同步去除氮磷,而污泥泥龄控制不当则影响反硝化除磷的效果.     

面向多无人车的目标点分配和协同路径规划算法

针对多智能体路径搜索算法在非指定式多车协同路径规划问题中路径冗长,计算效率低等缺陷,提出协同目标点分配 路径规划算法 Nutcracker-CBS。 首先构建紧耦合目标点分配 MAPF 框架,实现目标点分配和路径构建的联合寻优;针对目标点 分配模块,提出改进的星鸦优化算法,增量式求解分配问题,缩短模块用时;针对路径构建模块,提出改进的 MAPF 算法,通过回 退式约束构建机制,引入避碰路径估计的绕道机制和数据共享底层路径规划机制,提升效率和路径质量。 数据集实验中, Nutcracker-CBS 时耗相比 SOTA 算法减少 90. 37% ;目标点分配模块求解耗时减少 86. 76% ;MAPF 模块 6 s 内构建 100 辆无人车 路径,平均路径长度缩短 6. 058% 。 实际实验中路径总和与系统运行时长分别减少 55. 26% 和 61. 29% ,提升了多机器人系统的 效率,降低了路径长度。     

Ionothermal synthesis of aggregated α-Fe₂O₃ nanoplates and their magnetic properties

Aggregated α-Fe(2)O(3) nanoplates have been successfully synthesized under ionothermal conditions through the self-assembly of nanoplatelets in a side-to-side manner. During the formation process of aggregated α-Fe(2)O(3) nanoplates, pure ionic liquid media is essential for the assembly and coalescence of small nanoplatelets into final nanoplates. Moreover, the magnetic properties of the aggregated α-Fe(2)O(3) nanoplates are strongly correlated to their unique structural characteristics.     

A preliminary study of dihydroxyurea application in plutonium purification cycle

The back extraction of Pu from 30% TBP/kerosene with dihydroxyurea (DHU) was studied in relation to the contact time, nitric acid concentration, phase ratio, etc. The back-extraction efficiency can reach 87% at phase ratio (o/a) ≤4: 1, contacting time ≥1 min, niitric acid concentration ≤0.4 M, and reductant concentration ≥0.4 M at 15°C and Pu concentration in the organic phase of 12 g l⁻¹. The back-extraction efficiency decreases with an increase in the Pu(IV) concentration in the organic phase or in the Pu(III) concentration in the aqueous phase. The application of DHU in Pu cycle was studied in a 12-step countercurrent cascade experiment. The results show that DHU can satisfy the technical requirements at 15°C and phase ratio (2BF: 2BX: 2BS) = 4: 1: 1. The Pu recovery efficiency is 99.96%.     

形貌对LiFePO_4性能影响的研究进展

综述了近年来新型锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4的研究进展。从掺杂网状结构碳、碳纳米管、碳纳米纤维以及球形、棒状和空心LiFePO4的制备几个方面,对不同形貌与结构的LiFePO4的研究现状进行了介绍与讨论。碳掺杂可有效提高LiFePO4的导电性,并抑制粒径的增大;减小材料颗粒的粒径,可以从根本上提高颗粒的比表面积,有效减小电荷的移动距离,提高参与电化学反应材料的比例;而材料的特殊形貌有助于形成导电网络,对其导电性能的提高有着十分重要的影响。综上所述,通过减小颗粒的粒径、提高比表面积、掺杂导电剂以及制备更易形成导电网络形貌的材料,是获得优良性能LiFePO4的有效方法。     

脉冲电流极性鉴别法在10 kV管型母线局放检测中的应用

提出一种利用脉冲电流的极性鉴别法对管型母线内部局部放电进行定相的检测方法,通过EMTP/ATP仿真验证了理论分析的正确性,最后通过一起案例证实此方法的有效性,具有一定的工程实用价值。