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A one–dimensional, transient thermal degradation heat transfer model for the response of composite materials when exposed to fire is presented. The model can handle layers of different materials. Material properties are functions of temperature. The reaction can be specified using Arrhenius‐type parameters or by inputting a density–temperature relationship determined by any experimental technique such as thermogravimetric analysis. The model is validated against the experimental data presented in Boyer's 1984 dissertation. Overall, the model provides excellent agreement with the experimental data. It is shown that very little difference is found between results arrived at by Arrhenius kinetics and results obtained by specifying the easier to measure density–temperature relationship. From this it is concluded that this technique is a viable alternative to Arrhenius‐type models. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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J. F. Aldana M. Roldn‐Castro I. Navas M. M. Roldn‐García M. Hidalgo‐Conde O. Trelles 《Software》2006,36(14):1585-1604
In this work we present an architecture for XML‐based mediator systems and a framework for helping systems developers in the construction of mediator‐services for the integration of heterogeneous data sources. A unique feature of our architecture is its capability to manage (proprietary) user's software tools and algorithms, modelled as Extended Value Added Services (EVASs), and integrated in the data flow. The mediator offers a view of the system as a single data source where EVASs are readily available for enhancing query processing. A Web‐based graphic interface has been developed to allow dynamic and flexible EVASs inter‐connection, thus creating complex distributed bioinformatics machines. The feasibility and usefulness of our ideas has been validated by the development of a mediator system (Bio‐Broker) and by a diverse set of applications aimed at combining gene expression data with genomic, sequence‐based and structural information, so as to provide a general, transparent and powerful solution that integrates data analysis tools and algorithms. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Three-dimensional, transient simulations of the plasma flow inside different plasma spray torches have been performed using
a local thermodynamic equilibrium model solved by a multiscale finite-element method. The model describes the dynamics of
the arc without any further assumption on the reattachment process except for the use of an artificially high electrical conductivity
near the electrodes. Simulations of an F4-MB torch from Sulzer-Metco and two configurations of the SG-100 torch from Praxair
are presented. The simulations show that, when straight or swirl injection is used, the arc is dragged by the flow and then
jumps to form a new attachment, preferably at the opposite side of the original attachment, as has been observed experimentally.
Although the predicted reattachment frequencies are at present higher than the experimental ones, the model is suitable as
a design tool.
This article was originally published inBuilding on 100 Years of Success: Proceedings of the 2006 International Thermal Spray Conference (Seattle, WA), May 15–18, 2006, B.R. Marple, M.M. Hyland, Y.-Ch. Lau, R.S. Lima, and J. Voyer, Ed., ASM International, Materials
Park, OH, 2006. 相似文献
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The modeling of plasma torch operation has advanced greatly in the last 15 years due to a better understanding of the underlying physics, development of commercial, open-source computational fluid dynamics softwares, and access to high performance and cloud computing. However, the operation mode of the electric arc in plasma torches is controlled by dynamic, thermal, electromagnetic, acoustic and chemical phenomena that take place at different scales and whose interactions are not completely understood yet. Even though no single model of plasma torch operation fully addresses these phenomena, most of these models are useful tools for parametric studies, if their use is reinforced by knowledge of torch operation and the model predictions are validated against experimental data. To increase the level of predictability of the current models, several further steps are needed. This study examines the issues remaining to be addressed in the modeling of plasma spray torch operation and the current critical aspects of these. 相似文献
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Armelle Vardelle Christian Moreau Jun Akedo Hossein Ashrafizadeh Christopher C. Berndt Jörg Oberste Berghaus Maher Boulos Jeffrey Brogan Athanasios C. Bourtsalas Ali Dolatabadi Mitchell Dorfman Timothy J. Eden Pierre Fauchais Gary Fisher Frank Gaertner Malko Gindrat Rudolf Henne Margaret Hyland Eric Irissou Eric H. Jordan Khiam Aik Khor Andreas Killinger Yuk-Chiu Lau Chang-Jiu Li Li Li Jon Longtin Nicolaie Markocsan Patrick J. Masset Jiri Matejicek Georg Mauer André McDonald Javad Mostaghimi Sanjay Sampath Günter Schiller Kentaro Shinoda Mark F. Smith Asif Ansar Syed Nickolas J. Themelis Filofteia-Laura Toma Juan Pablo Trelles Robert Vassen Petri Vuoristo 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2016,25(8):1376-1440
Considerable progress has been made over the last decades in thermal spray technologies, practices and applications. However, like other technologies, they have to continuously evolve to meet new problems and market requirements. This article aims to identify the current challenges limiting the evolution of these technologies and to propose research directions and priorities to meet these challenges. It was prepared on the basis of a collection of short articles written by experts in thermal spray who were asked to present a snapshot of the current state of their specific field, give their views on current challenges faced by the field and provide some guidance as to the R&D required to meet these challenges. The article is divided in three sections that deal with the emerging thermal spray processes, coating properties and function, and biomedical, electronic, aerospace and energy generation applications. 相似文献
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Testing Water Mist Systems Against Large Fires in Tunnels: Integrating Test Data with CFD Simulations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The high cost of conducting large, full-scale fire tests for the evaluation of suppression systems in tunnels tends to limit
both the extent of the instrumentation provided and the number of tests that are conducted. Because of the variability of
the large fires, performance criteria based on single point measurements derived from experience with smaller test fires were
not reliable indicators of performance. Yet decisions about the acceptability of suppression systems must be based on the
limited amount of performance information available. A means was sought to reduce the reliance on single point instrumentation
readings, and to augment the value of the limited amount of test data by integrating the field testing with CFD modeling.
In this study a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model was used to simulate a series of full-scale fire tests of water mist
systems conducted in 2006 in a highway test tunnel. The NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator version 4 (FDS4) was used to simulate
five of the tunnel fire tests. The task was to confirm that the simulations could achieve a reasonable degree of agreement
with the conditions measured in the tests. The model could then be used to evaluate the performance of the water mist system
over a broader range of performance indicators than were measured. This paper illustrates what is unique about very large
fire tests and presents highlights of the modeling. The level of agreement between simulation and test results is demonstrated
for one test. Agreement was deemed to be good enough to establish confidence in applying the model to examine the conditions
that would occur with an unsuppressed fire, which had not been tested. CFD modeling can be used to improve the understanding
of the performance of the suppression system, and to augment the value of the test results. A second, complementary paper
has been submitted to the SFPE Journal of Fire Protection Engineering to provide more detailed information about the FDS4 modeling than can be covered in this paper. 相似文献
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