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1.
To prevent the adulteration of agricultural resources and provide a solution to enhance the green coffee bean supply chain, authentication using the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique was investigated. Partial least square with discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) models combined with various preprocessing methods were built from NIR spectra of 153 Vietnamese green coffee samples. The model combined with the standard normal variate and the first order of derivative yielded excellent performance in predicting coffee species with the error cross-validation of 0.0261. PLS-DA model of mean centre and first-order derivative spectra also yielded good performance in verifying geographical indication of green coffee with the error of 0.0656. By contrast, the predicting abilities of post-harvest methods were poor. The overall results showed a high potential of the NIRS in online authentication practices.  相似文献   
2.
Upconversion phosphors are known as a material system that can convert near-infrared light into visible/ultraviolet emissions by sequentially absorbing multiple photons. The studies on upconversion materials often use two rare earth (RE) ions as a sensitizer-activator pair. We investigated the influences on luminescence intensity depending on Cr-doping content (x) of hexagonal NaLu0.98–xCrxF4Er0.02 (x = 0–0.9) upconversion material by substituting Lu3+ ions with Cr3+in the absence of Gd3+. The change in upconversion luminescence intensity appears with saddle-like shape. We suggest that Cr3+ ions play the dual role as a constituent in host lattice and a sensitizer in the upconversion process. Optimal conditions for gaining the strongest upconversion emission correspond to x = 0.3–0.5, where there are effective energy transfers between Cr3+ and Er3+ ions and CrEr dimers. Apart from these values, the emission intensity decreases rapidly which can be ascribed to the absence of multiple-photon absorption for the case of low Cr3+ contents, and to the coupling between Cr3+ and/or Er3+ ions for the case of high Cr3+ contents. Magnetization and electron-spin-resonant measurements were performed to understand the correlation between the optical and magnetic properties.  相似文献   
3.
One-third of all proteins are estimated to require metals for structural stability and/or catalytic activity. Desthiobiotin probes containing metal binding groups can be used to capture metalloproteins with exposed active-site metals under mild conditions so as to prevent changes in metallation state. The proof-of-concept was demonstrated with carbonic anhydrase (CA), an open active site, Zn2+-containing protein. CA was targeted by using sulfonamide derivatives. Linkers of various lengths and structures were screened to determine the optimal structure for capture of the native protein. The optimized probes could selectively pull down CA from red blood cell lysate and other protein mixtures. Pull-down of differently metallated CAs was also investigated.  相似文献   
4.
Structure modification has been found to tune significantly the transparent-conducting performance, especially mobility and conductivity of hydrogenated Ga-doped ZnO (HGZO) films. The strong correlation between film thickness and mobility of the films is revealed. The mobility increases quickly with increasing the thickness from 350 to 900 nm, and then tends to be saturated at further thicknesses. A higher mobility than 50 cm2/Vs can be achieved, which is an extra-high value for polycrystalline ZnO films deposited by using the sputtering technique. The thickness-dependent mobility originates from scatterings on grain boundaries and dislocation-induced defects controlled by thin-film growth. Based on the Volmer-Weber model, an expansion model is built up to describe the thickness-dependent crystal growth of the HGZO films, especially at the thick films. As a result, the 800 nm-thick HGZO film obtains the highest performance with high mobility of 51.5 cm2/Vs, low resistivity of 5.3 × 10?4 Ωcm, and good transmittance of 83.3 %.  相似文献   
5.
We generalize the Negation-as-Failure procedure for disjunctive logic programming. Then we compare our method with related methods in the literature. We also propose a new completion theory for disjunctive logic programs which allows some program clauses to have inclusive meaning and the others exclusive meaning.  相似文献   
6.
On the SEP of Cooperative Diversity with Opportunistic Relaying   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
We analyze the exact symbol error probability (SEP) of cooperative diversity with opportunistic amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying. The benefit of this opportunism to the SEP is assessed by comparing with maximal ratio combining of orthogonal multiple AF relay transmissions.  相似文献   
7.
Gesture plays an important role for recognizing lecture activities in video content analysis. In this paper, we propose a real-time gesture detection algorithm by integrating cues from visual, speech and electronic slides. In contrast to the conventional “complete gesture” recognition, we emphasize detection by the prediction from “incomplete gesture”. Specifically, intentional gestures are predicted by the modified hidden Markov model (HMM) which can recognize incomplete gestures before the whole gesture paths are observed. The multimodal correspondence between speech and gesture is exploited to increase the accuracy and responsiveness of gesture detection. In lecture presentation, this algorithm enables the on-the-fly editing of lecture slides by simulating appropriate camera motion to highlight the intention and flow of lecturing. We develop a real-time application, namely simulated smartboard, and demonstrate the feasibility of our prediction algorithm using hand gesture and laser pen with simple setup without involving expensive hardware.   相似文献   
8.
A Hammerstein-based dynamic model for hysteresis phenomenon   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The Hammerstein configuration, which includes a nonlinear static block followed by a linear dynamic block, is applied to model the rate-dependent and temperature-dependent hysteresis phenomenon. The nonlinear static block is realized by a modified Preisach model, which includes both the irreversible and reversible components of magnetization. The linear dynamic block is realized by a low-pass filter, which takes into account the rate-dependent effects of hysteresis. Temperature dependencies are incorporated into the model by fitting the model parameters as piecewise-linear functions of temperature. A procedure is described for the extraction of a single set of model parameters over the frequency, amplitude, and temperature ranges of interest. The theory is verified experimentally  相似文献   
9.
The maximum bit rate of a soliton communication system with lumped amplifiers and optical filters is considered. When the dispersion of the fiber varies from one amplifier spacing to another amplifier spacing, the maximum bit rate is significantly reduced. To overcome the effect, the amplitude of the soliton is amplified so that it is still the average soliton corresponding to the fiber dispersion for an amplifier spacing. Thus, the maximum bit rate is only slightly less than that without the dispersion variations. For a given distance, the maximum bit rate limited by the stability and soliton interaction is obtained. The result is compared with that limited by the Gordon-Haus effect. For shorter transmission distance, the maximum bit rate is limited by the stability and soliton interaction. For longer transmission distance, the maximum bit rate is limited by the Gordon-Haus effect  相似文献   
10.
In this paper, we study the dynamic survivable routing problem, both in optical networks without wavelength conversion and in optical networks with sparse wavelength conversion, and propose a novel hybrid algorithm for it based on the combination of mobile agents technique and genetic algorithms (GA). By keeping a suitable number of mobile agents in the network to cooperatively explore the network states and continuously report cycles (that are formed by two disjoint-link routes) into the routing tables, our new hybrid algorithm can promptly determine the first population of cycles for a new request based on the routing table of its source node, without the time consuming process associated with current GA-based lightpath protection schemes. We further improve the performance of our algorithm by introducing a more advanced fitness function that is suitable for both the above networks. Extensive simulation studies on the ns-2 network simulator show that our hybrid algorithm achieves a significantly lower blocking probability than the conventional survivable routing algorithms for all the cases we studied.  相似文献   
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