EdgeFlow: a technique for boundary detection and image segmentation

A novel boundary detection scheme based on "edge flow" is proposed in this paper. This scheme utilizes a predictive coding model to identify the direction of change in color and texture at each image location at a given scale, and constructs an edge flow vector. By propagating the edge flow vectors, the boundaries can be detected at image locations which encounter two opposite directions of flow in the stable state. A user defined image scale is the only significant control parameter that is needed by the algorithm. The scheme facilitates integration of color and texture into a single framework for boundary detection. Segmentation results on a large and diverse collections of natural images are provided, demonstrating the usefulness of this method to content based image retrieval.     

表面活性剂对煤粉分散运移的影响

通过静态观察实验及岩心动态流动实验,考察了煤粉在不同表面活性剂溶液中的分散情况,以及煤岩与不同表面活性剂接触后的临界流速和速敏指数。所用的阳离子表面活性剂为十八烷基三甲基氯化铵（1831）,阴离子表面活性剂为十烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠(Dowfax 3B2)、十二烷基硫酸钠和磺基脂肪酸甲酯钠盐（MES）。静态观察实验结果表明,煤粉在地层水中的分散性较弱,在表面活性剂溶液中更易分散,且阴离子表面活性剂比阳离子表面活性剂的分散性强。煤粉充填压实岩心流动实验结果表明,不加表面活性剂时的临界流速为0.25 mL/min,速敏指数为0.45;加入0.5% Dowfax 3B2、MES和1831后的临界流速分别为0.25、0.25和0.5 mL/min,速敏指数分别为0.58、0.60和0.48;加入1% Dowfax 3B2和1831后的临界流速分别为0.1和0.5 mL/min,速敏指数分别为0.57和0.48。阴离子表面活性剂对岩心的伤害程度大于阳离子表面活性剂。     

(Ca,Mg)-α-Sialon的致密化,形成特性和显微结构

利用热压工艺制备了组份为（Ｃａ,Ｍｇ）ｘＳｉ１２－３ｘＡｌ３ｘＯｘＮ１６－ｘ（ｘ＝０．３、０．６、１．０和１．４）的（Ｃａ,Ｍｇ）－α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ。研究结果发现,当ｘ≥１．０时,材料的主晶相为α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ和含Ｍｇ的ＡｌＮＡ多型体。多型体的含量随ｘ值的增加而变大。以复合添加剂取代单一添加剂,不仅改善了α－Ａｉａｌｏｎ的烧结性能,ＴＥＭ和ＥＤＡＸ的结果还进一步表明添加的Ｃａ＾＋＋离子进入α－Ｓｉ     

束缚水饱和度、岩石性质对自吸的影响

自吸是裂缝性油藏采油的一个特别重要的方面。影响自吸的因素有很多,中主要研究束缚水饱和度和岩石性质自吸速度及采收率的影响。研究中使用的多孔介质分别为高渗砂岩、低渗砂岩、石灰岩。结果表明,束缚水饱和度对砂岩体系自吸速度有较强的影响。当束缚水饱和度Ｓｗｉ小于６％时,自吸速度随Ｓｗｉ增加而减小,在Ｓｗｉ为６％～１５％的范围内自吸速度达最低,当Ｓｗｉ在１５％～３０％的范围内,自吸速度随束缚水饱和度增高而升     

AIN-多型体对形成长颗粒α-Sialon的影响

通过ＳＥＭ、ＥＤＳ等方法,研究了添加不同含量ＡｌＮ－多型体对（Ｙ＋Ｓｍ）－α－Ｓ晶粒形貌的影响。结果表明,随ＡｌＮ－多型体添加量增多,材料中长颗粒α－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ的数量增加。     

双河油田注入水适应性及注水井酸化解堵研究

考察了双河油田双河联、江河联注入水堵塞地层的因素;膨胀性黏土，悬浮固体颗粒。细菌及悬浮污油。含膨胀性黏土的双河南、双河北及不含膨胀性黏土的双江岩心粉，在注入水中相对于地层水中的体积膨胀度分别为14．5％、11．1％及0．02％；注入100PV不含悬浮颗粒的等体积比地层水、注入水混合水使双河、双江岩心渗透率分别下降7％和4％、9％和7％。注入水中悬浮颗粒引起岩心渗透率下降，粒径越大、颗粒浓度越大、注入量越大，则渗透率越低。在粒径2．1μm或颗粒浓度3mg／L前后下降幅度变化较大。注入水中硫酸盐还原菌引起岩心渗透率下降，含菌量越大则渗透率开始下降时的注水量越小，注入含菌50个／L的水100PV使岩心渗透率下降7％。岩心对注水合油量敏感，注入含油量20mg／L的水50PV使岩心渗透率下降20％。在岩心注水实验中渗透率下降最严重的是双河南岩心，其次是双河北岩心．江河岩心较轻，注入精细过滤水的双河北岩心渗透率下降大大减少．说明悬浮固体是造成注水堵塞的主要因素。为了解除双河油田注水井的堵塞，研制了含黏土稳定剂、缓蚀剂、铁离子稳定剂、互溶剂的土酸液，与南阳油田使用的低伤害酸液一起，用于1口注水井的解堵，效果良好。图7表4参5。     

“混凝”新释义及混凝技术

从混凝的工艺特点入手对混凝概念作出一个新定义。对水处理中混凝工艺的两个阶段-凝聚和絮凝的特点及其影响因素进行论述。通过理论分析,结合实际运行,指出实际生产中混凝阶段应注意的问题和适合的技术指标。     

Green synthesis of porous Ni-silicate catalyst for hydrogen generation via ammonia decomposition

A simple synthetic method without organic template is proposed for the synthesis of Ni-silicate. The resulting Ni-phyllosilicates are reconstructed by hydrothermal treatment to a porous structure with a high surface area (552 m² g⁻¹). Notably, the residual filtrate has a Ni²⁺ ion content of less than 0.1 ppm, and therefore satisfies the effluent standard in Taiwan (<1.0 ppm). As a result, it can be disposed of directly without the need for additional treatment. The effects of the pH value and hydrothermal treatment time on the structure, morphology, and surface area of the Ni-silicate composites have been investigated. When applied to hydrogen production, the mesoporous Ni-silicate shows a high catalytic capability (>99%) toward ammonia decomposition at a temperature of 400°C. Overall, the proposed synthetic method is facile and easily extendable to the production of other metal-silicate materials for hydrogen generation.