利用地理信息系统ARC/INFO计算地物面积的方法

详细介绍利用地理信息系统工具ARC/lNFO来计算地物分布专题图中各种不同地物面积的方法，并给出海南省大边河库区地物面积的计算实例。     

用潜坝对抚州市南区水厂取水口淤沙进行治理

多沙河流中的水厂取水口，枯水期经常存在淤沙，影响抽水。以往的治理方法多是采用丁坝群束水冲沙，但坝田淤高有碍行洪，对城市防洪不利．南区水厂采用潜坝方案，兼顾防洪．通航等要求，缩小治理范围，用十分简易的方法获得成功，且投资更省，值得在类似工程中推广运用．     

Robust Superhydrophobic Fabric for Durability,Self-Cleaning,and Oil/Water Separation via Thiol–Acrylate Polymerization

In recent years, highly efficient oil/water separation materials have brought much attention. It requests superhydrophobic surfaces with a rapid and facile separation process, excellent durability, and large-scale fabrication. Herein, a facile vapor-liquid sol-gel, and free radical polymerization reaction method to prepare the durable and robust superhydrophobic cotton fabric is proposed. Moreover, the fabric can be used for highly efficient and various oil/water separation. It is prepared via a simple two-step process, including a vapor-liquid sol-gel process to deposit with thiols particles, and then followed a free radical polymerization reaction to graft 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry prove that the rough structures are generated from the hydrolysis condensation reaction between tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane. As a result, the synthetic chemical composition provided by the natural fabric and silica nanoparticles synergistically construct a superhydrophobic surface with water contact angles and shedding angle of 158° and 9°, respectively. Additionally, the treated fabric exhibits excellent chemical resistance and self-cleaning ability. Remarkably, the fabric still retains superhydrophobic and excellent mechanical robustness after 30 cycles of various oil/water separation. In summary, the resultant fabrics with excellent chemical resistance, remarkable mechanical robustness, and versatile separation abilities have potential applications in various oil/water separations.     

艳山姜一内生菌SRT2次级代谢产物的初步研究

对一株艳山姜内生菌的发酵菌丝体提取物的化学成分进行研究。实验方法:为柱色谱分离,现代物理和光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果:分离鉴定了4个化合物,分别为三十二烷酸(dotricontanoicacid),十六烷酸(Hexadeeanoicacid),蔗椒(sltl～rosc)胡萝卜苷(Daucosten01)。结论:除十六烷酸外,所有化合物均首次从该菌丝体中分离得到。     

视觉显著性的眼底图像视盘检测

目的 青光眼是导致失明的主要疾病之一,视盘区域的形状、大小等参数是青光眼临床诊断的重要指标。然而眼底图像通常亮度低、对比度弱,且眼底结构复杂,各组织以及病灶干扰严重。为解决上述问题,实现视盘的精确检测,提出一种视觉显著性的眼底图像视盘检测方法。方法 首先,依据视盘区域显著的特点,采用一种基于视觉显著性的方法对视盘区域进行定位;其次,采用全卷积神经网络（fully convolutional neural network,FCN）预训练模型提取深度特征,同时计算视盘区域的平均灰度,进而提取颜色特征;最后,将深度特征、视盘区域的颜色特征和背景先验信息融合到单层元胞自动机（single-layer cellular automata,SCA）中迭代演化,实现眼底图像视盘区域的精确检测。结果 在视网膜图像公开数据集DRISHTI-GS、MESSIDOR和DRIONS-DB上对本文算法进行实验验证,平均相似度系数分别为0.965 8、0.961 6和0.971 1;杰卡德系数分别为0.934 1、0.922 4和0.937 6;召回率系数分别为0.964 8、0.958 9和0.967 4;准确度系数分别为0.996 6、0.995 3和0.996 8,在3个数据集上均可精确地检测视盘区域。实验结果表明,本文算法精确度高,鲁棒性强,运算速度快。结论 本文算法能够有效克服眼底图像亮度低、对比度弱及血管、病灶等组织干扰的影响,在多个视网膜图像公开数据集上进行验证均取得了较好的检测结果,具有较强的泛化性,可以实现视盘区域的精确检测。     

无人机遥感技术的水利水电工程施工现场监控

针对水利水电工程施工现场异常因素多、监控力度薄弱问题,本研究通过融合ARM控制技术和LoRa通信技术实现现场信息的采集控制,利用STM32F103VET6单片机计算单元实现不同种类的传感器电路信息的计算,通过STM32F103VET6芯片和Cortex-M3内核的处理器实现多种信息的采集控制,本研究还通过构建卷积分神经网络模型实现异常数据信息下的图像识别,提高了监控力度.通过试验,本文研究方法大大提高了恶劣天气下的图像识别能力.     

饮料混合机改进设计研究

饮料混合机是碳酸饲料生产最重要的组成部分，它的性能直接关系到饮料成品的成分和口味，本文介绍了国内两种典型饮料混合机的工艺流程和控制原理，深入分析了它们的特点，并基于O＋H混合机工作原理，在满足自动化程度和控制精度高、成本低的原则下，通过改进其控制策略，使关键部位的器件成本大大降低，从而达到了预期的效果。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的运动目标速度测量

移动机器人和智能无人驾驶车辆实时测量运动目标速度是实现自主导航的关键问题。提出了基于Kinect摄像机的机器视觉测速方法,利用图像处理技术检测运动目标,使用速度计算公式获取运动目标速度观测值。为提高速度测量精确度,减少环境噪声影响,应用卡尔曼滤波算法估计运动目标速度。试验结果表明,该方法在移动机器人作任意形式运动过程中可以实时方便地测量运动目标的直线速度以及角速度,具有高精确性、稳定性和广泛应用性。     

UV Photodetectors Based on BiOCl Nanosheet Arrays: The Effects of Morphologies and Electrode Configurations

A facile chemical bath method is adopted to grow bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) nanosheet arrays on a piece of Cu foil (denoted as BiOCl‐Cu) and isolated BiOCl nanosheets are collected by ultrasonication. A self‐supporting BiOCl film is obtained by the removal of Cu foil. Photodetectors (PDs) based on these BiOCl materials are assembled and the effects of morphologies and electrode configurations on the photoelectric performance of these PDs are examined. The BiOCl nanosheet PD achieves high responsivities in the spectral range from 250 to 350 nm, while it presents quite a small photocurrent and slow response speed. The BiOCl film PD yields low photocurrents and near‐unity on–off ratios, demonstrating poor photoelectric performance. The photocurrent of the BiOCl‐Cu PD with both electrodes on the BiOCl film is much higher than those of these above‐mentioned PDs, and the response times are fast. Meanwhile, the BiOCl‐Cu PD with separate electrodes on the BiOCl film and Cu foil achieves even higher photocurrents and presents a self‐powering characteristic, depicting the improved photodetecting performances induced by the specific morphology and distinct electrode configuration. These results would promote the applications of BiOCl nanostructures in the photoelectric devices.     

一种改进的非支配排序多目标遗传算法

多目标进化算法的研究目标是使算法快速收敛,并且广泛而均匀分布于问题的非劣最优域。在NSGA-Ⅱ算法的基础上,提出了一种新的变异算子。该算子具有良好的局部搜索能力,提高了算法的效率。改进后的算法与原算法相比较,结果表明新算法较好地改善了分布性和收敛性。