Two 1D coordination polymeric isomers with the same chemical formula [Cu(2,2′-bipy)(Htda)]n: Synthesis,crystal structures and electrochemical properties

Two 1D coordination polymeric isomers with the same chemical formula [Cu(2,2′-bipy)(Htda)]_n (2,2′-bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, Htda = 1,2,3-triazole-4,5-dicarboxylate) were solvothermally prepared and structurally characterized. X-ray analysis revealed that one isomer has a 1D staircase chain structure while the other possesses a 1D spiral chain structure. The electrochemical behaviors of both isomers in solution were also investigated by cyclic voltammetry.     

Evaluating system behavior through Dynamic Master Logic Diagram (DMLD) modeling

In this paper, the Dynamic Master Logic Diagram (DMLD) is introduced for representing full-scale time-dependent behavior and uncertain behavior of complex physical systems. Conceptually, the DMLD allows one to decompose a complex system hierarchically to model and to represent: (1) partial success/failure of the system, (2) full-scale logical, physical and fuzzy connectivity relations, (3) probabilistic, resolutional or linguistic uncertainty, (4) multiple-state system dynamics, and (5) floating threshold and transition effects. To demonstrate the technique, examples of using DMLD to model, to diagnose and to control dynamic behavior of a system are presented. A DMLD-based expert system building tool, called Dynamic Reliability Expert System (DREXs), is introduced to automate the DMLD modeling process.     

A multiple-continuum model for simulating single-phase and multiphase flow in naturally fractured vuggy reservoirs

The existence of vugs or cavities in naturally fractured reservoirs has long been observed. Even though these vugs are known for their large attribution to reserves of oil, natural gas, or groundwater, few quantitative investigations of fractured vuggy reservoirs have been conducted. In this paper, a multiple-continuum conceptual model is presented, based on geological data and observations of core samples from carbonate formations in China, to investigate single-phase and multiphase flow behavior in such vuggy fractured reservoirs. The conceptual model has been implemented into a three-dimensional, three-phase reservoir simulator with a generalized multiple-continuum modeling approach. The conceptual model considers fractured vuggy rock as a triple- or multiple-continuum medium, consisting of (1) highly permeable and well-connected fractures, (2) low-permeability rock matrix, and (3) various-sized vugs. The matrix system may contain a large number of small or isolated cavities, whereas vugs are larger cavities, indirectly connected to fractures through small fractures, microfractures or matrix. Similar to the conventional double-porosity model, the fracture continuum is primarily responsible for the occurrence of global flow, while vuggy and matrix continua, providing storage space, are locally connected to each other and interacting with globally connecting fractures. In addition, flow in fractured vuggy reservoirs may be further complicated by occurrence of non-Darcy's and other nonlinear flow behavior, because of large pore space and high-permeability flow channels. To account for such complicated flow regime, our model formulation includes non-Darcy flow using the multiphase extension of the Forchheimer equation as well as flow according to parallel-wall fracture and tube models, based on solutions of flow through a parallel-wall, uniform fracture and Hagen-Poiseuille tube flow.     

Study of using a multi-touch tabletop technology to facilitate collaboration,interaction, and awareness in co-located environment

This study aimed to evaluate how differently co-located users perform and interact while solving problems by using existing and newly developed interaction mechanisms of a multi-touch tabletop system on a large-size tabletop display. Furthermore, this study aimed to investigate users’ perceived situation awareness due to the system. This study conducted one experiment and introduced three newly developed interaction mechanisms: two-way rubber band, drag-and-response, and centre collection area. Two-way rubber band enables users not only to send but also to request digital objects. Drag-and-response allows users to accept or to reject digital objects sent by others; therefore, it eliminates conflicting situations and interference. Centre collection area stores, organises, and manages shared digital resources on a surface of a tabletop display, so that users have an overall picture of available resources. This paper discusses results of an experiment, research findings, and implications along with conclusions and several suggestions for future development and research.     

0.003%芸苔素内酯水剂在葡萄上的应用

两年的田间试验结果表明,0．003％芸苔素内酯水剂对巨峰葡萄具有明显的膨大作用,使用剂量为0．0261g a．i．／hm^2、0．0435g a．i．／hm^2和0．1305g a．i．／hm^2,分别于葡萄开花前12d和盛花后14d两次喷药,增产率可达21．24％～26．87％,且对葡萄品质无不良影响。     

24%甲氧虫酰肼悬浮剂防治苹果园棉褐带卷蛾试验

试验表明，24％甲氧虫酰肼悬浮剂是防治棉褐带卷蛾的高效药剂，尤其对卷叶虫苞内的各龄幼虫也有良好效果。在该虫越冬幼虫出蛰盛期和第一代幼虫为害高峰期，使用5000倍液连续用药2次，防治效果均在95％以上，有效控制期达15～20d，明显优于目前生产上常用的菊酯类等杀虫剂。     

面向嵌入式通信设备的Ch 自动化测试框架设计

Ch 是一种C/C＋＋脚本语言,用Ch 脚本语言对通信设备进行测试具备简单,快速,可直接嵌入等优点。RobotFramework 是基于Python 语言开发的开源的自动化测试系统,它具有简单明了的上下级结构,可灵活重用的KeyWord,独立于平台和应用,具有很强的扩展性等多种优点。首先介绍构建与实现了一个适合通信设备的Ch 脚本测试新框架,并利用RobotFramework 极强的扩展性,把Ch 测试脚本无缝融合进RobotFramework,融合后的Ch 测试框架同时具备了Ch 脚本和RobotFramework的优点。     

一种不同坐标系之间的变换矩阵的转换方法

在三维图形的研究和开发过程中,由于不同三维图形系统所使用的坐标系不统一,造成了在一个坐标系中的模型不能直接引入到别的坐标系中,针对野战战术三维环境原型系统ＢＩＴ－ＶＢＦＳ的开发过程中所遇到的将模型从右手坐标移植到左手坐标系的问题,提出了一种在不同三维坐标系之间寻找对应的变换矩阵的一般性方法,这种方法得到的是对于变换的转换矩阵,所以在对模型进行实际的转换时并没有增加计算的复杂度。     

Shape identification for inverse geometry heat conduction problems by FEM without iteration

The boundary geometry shape is identified by the finite element method (FEM) without iteration and mesh reconstruction for two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) inverse heat conduction problems. First, the direct heat conduction problem with the exact domain is solved by the FEM and the temperatures of measurement points are obtained. Then, by introducing a virtual boundary, a virtual domain is formed. By minimizing the difference between the temperatures of measurement points in the exact domain and those in the virtual domain, the temperatures of the points on the virtual boundary are calculated based on the least square error method and the Tikhonov regularization. Finally, the objective geometry shape can be estimated by the method of searching the isothermal curve or isothermal surface for 2-D or 3-D problems, respectively. In the process, no iterative calculation is needed. The proposed method has a tremendous advantage in reducing the computational time for the inverse geometry problems. Numerical examples are presented to test the validity of the proposed approach. Meanwhile, the influences of measurement noise, virtual boundary, measurement point number, and measurement point position on the boundary geometry prediction are also investigated in the examples. The solutions show that the method is accurate and efficient to identify the unknown boundary geometry configurations for 2-D and 3-D heat conduction problems.     

长根菇液体深层发酵制备多糖条件优化及体外抗氧化活性研究

目的 优化长根菇液体深层发酵胞外多糖培养基条件,对其基本结构及体外抗氧化作用进行分析。方法 以长根菇液体深层发酵为基础,以长根菇胞外多糖浓度为评价指标,先分别筛选出液体培养基最适碳源、氮源、生长因子,再通过单因素、响应面实验对最佳发酵培养基条件进行优化,在对胞外多糖进行分离和纯化后,利用红外光谱扫描法分析其基本结构,最后通过羟基自由基(OH.)、二苯代苦味酰基自由基(DPPH.)清除能力和铁离子(Fe_³⁺)还原能力等对其体外抗氧化作用进行探究。结果 长根菇液体培养基最佳培养条件为：可溶性淀粉24 g/L,牛肉粉1.9 g/L,维生素B₁ 0.03 g/L,在此条件下胞外多糖产量为384.72 μg/mL;红外光谱表明：胞外多糖含有主要官能团O-H、C-H、C=O、C-O,同时还存在咇喃多糖;体外抗氧化研究表明：长根菇液体深层发酵胞外多糖具有较好的体外抗氧化活性,但其抗氧化能力均低于VC,胞外多糖对OH.清除能力、DPPH.清除能力和Fe_³⁺还原能力的IC50分别为1.00、0.68 mg/mL和8.46 mg/mL。结论 液体深层发酵长根菇多糖含量较高, 且具有较好的体外抗氧化活性, 可为长根菇进一步研究和利用提供理论参考。