利用含钨废催化剂生产钨酸的工业实践

笔者较为详细地阐述了利用含钨废催化剂生产钨酸的工艺流程、各工序反应原理及其操作工艺实践、产品质量情况、原辅材料单耗等。实践证明 ,该工艺实用性强 ,具有显著的经济效益、社会和环保效益。     

Removal characteristics of disinfection by-products formation potential by bioaugmentation activated carbon process

The high-active bacteria were screened from 8 dominant bacteria obtained from the natural water body,and then the bioaugmentation activated carbon was formed by hydraulic immobilization of the high-active bacteria. Plant-scale studies on removal characteristics of disinfection by-products formation potentials (DBPFP) by bioaugmentation activated carbon process were conducted for micro-polluted raw water treatment. The results show that the bioaugmentation activated carbon process has adopted better purification efficiency to THMFP and HAAFP than traditional biological activated carbon process,and that average removal efficiencies of THMFP and HAAFP can reach 35% and 39.7% during the test period,increasing by more than 10% compared with traditional biological activated carbon process. The removal efficiencies of THMFP and HAAFP are stable because of the biodegradation of the high-active bacteria and the adsorption of active carbon. The biodegradability of CHCl3 formation potential is better as compared with that of CHCl2Br and CHClBr2 formation potentials among THMFP,and high removal efficiency of CHCl3formation potential is obtained by bioaugmentation degradation of the high-active bacteria. The biodegradability of HAAFP is better in comparison with that of THMFP,and the chemical properties of HAAFP are propitious to adsorption of activated carbon. Thus,HAAFP is on predominance during the competitive removal process with THMFP.     

家用无线智能燃气表的三防防护

城市进程的加快同时也对燃气行业提出了更高的要求,如何有效地降低运行故障率成为行业内有待解决的问题。文章主要讲述了如何通过加强燃气表的三防防护工作,有效降低控制部分的运行故障率。其中通过列举一款智能表的材料优选、工艺防护和结构防护三方面进行的具体三防防护处理措施,以及投入市场使用后所取得的效果,从而验证了经过三防处理的燃气表在恶劣环境下稳定运行的寿命可以得到很大的提高。     

Precipitation and control of BN inclusions in 42CrMo steel and their effect on machinability

The precipitation and control of boron nitrogen （BN） inclusions in 42CrMo steel were investigated and their effect on machinability was analyzed. First, the precipitation regularity of BN in 42CrMo steel was studied by theoretical calculation. Then, the machinability of the steel was investigated through contrast cutting experiments, and the composition and cooling rate of the steel were controlled to analyze the variation laws of the size, distribution, and area ratio of BN inclusions. Finally, the results were combined with the machinability of the steel to analyze the relationship among them. It is found that the machinability of the steel is mainly influenced by the diameter and quantity of BN inclusions. Fine and dispersedly distributed BN inclusions are more beneficial for the improvement in machinability of 42CrMo steel than coarse and sparse BN inclusions.     

含钼杂多酸型催化剂在有机合成中的应用

概述含钼杂多酸催化剂在有机合成中的应用，对这类杂多酸作为酸催化反应和氧化反应催化剂在烯烃水合、酯化、异构化、环氧化、醇类脱水、氧化等反应中的应用以及对可能的反应机理进行了讨论，并预测了该领域今后的发展方向。     

精细化工生产中活性炭的使用技术和经验

详实阐述了在精细化工生产中活性炭的选择原则、使用技术、有效经验和综合效果等；     

锌空气电池准中性电解液的研究

研究了锌空气电池中性、准中性电解液的主要成分,采用线性扫描伏安法考察了NH4Cl、ZnCl2、KCl及它们的混合溶液对锌电极电化学性能的影响,并组装电池恒流放电测试。结果表明,对于低电流密度放电要求的准中性锌空气电池采用NH4Cl作为主体电解质的锌电极性能相对较好;在NH4Cl溶液中添加KCl,有利于改善溶液导电性,提高放电电压和延长放电时间。最佳溶液配比为4 mol/L NH4Cl＋2 mol/L KCl。     

并行改进回溯算法实现N皇后问题的快速计数

通过对N皇后问题棋盘矩阵的旋转,改进了回溯算法,并通过计算机集群并行实现了N皇后的计数问题。考虑了棋盘矩阵顺时针旋转90°、180°和270°部分解存在重复的特性,改进了回溯方法,单机能够在15s内对16皇后问题进行计数。改进回溯算法的运算效率是顺序回溯法的4.69倍。然后通过固定前三行皇后的位置,可以把N皇后问题分成多个任务,实现了并行计算。在7个节点28个CPU的计算机集群上进行了实验,能够在8min内实现对20皇后的计数,能够在1小时零8分钟内实现21皇后的计数。N皇后计数这个经典问题,通过实现程序的标准化,可以成为检验计算机集群运算性能的基准。     

振动式滚磨光整加工过程中的受力测试与分析

目的测试不同加工参数对振动式滚磨光整加工过程中作用力的影响,对实际加工过程中加工参数的选择提供一定的数值指导。方法通过改变偏心块夹角、固定工件埋入深度及固定工件装夹角度,应用动态式压力传感器测试每种加工参数对加工作用力的影响。结果偏心块夹角不同时,磨料的运动形态及运动轨迹差异明显,且偏心块夹角大小对工件的作用力影响显著,偏心块夹角为90°时磨料螺旋运动显著,加工效果好。固定工件埋入深度越深,其所受作用力越大;超过一定范围时,作用力陡增。通过改变固定工件装夹角度,观察磨料流态并测试工件不同装夹角下所受作用力,分析得到在装夹角为20°时磨料会以工件为中心聚集,工件所受作用力最大。结论偏心块夹角不同,磨料的运动流态及对工件的作用力不同,偏心块夹角为90°时光整加工效果最好。埋入深度对工件作用力影响显著,加工过程中应根据工件的加工要求确定合适的埋入深度。固定工件装夹角度不同,磨料流态变化明显,固定工件装夹角为20°时工件所受作用力最大,需根据实际加工要求确定装夹的具体角度。     

叶酸偶联O-羧甲基壳聚糖的制备及其表征

采用强碱溶液对壳聚糖的羟基进行O-羧甲基化,再用叶酸偶联0．羧甲基壳聚糖。然后用红外光谱扫描法、紫外分光光度法和电位滴定法分别对产物进行了表征,并计算了叶酸对O-羧甲基壳聚糖的修饰量。结果显示羧甲基壳聚糖的取代度为38．28％,且O-羧甲基壳聚糖能够较好地溶于中性和碱性水溶液中。所测叶酸对O-羧甲基壳聚糖的修饰量为17．8μg·mg^-1。