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S. A. Rooney L. L. Nardone D. L. Shapiro E. K. Motoyama L. Gobran N. Zaehringer 《Lipids》1977,12(5):438-442
The phospholipid composition of type II alveolar epithelial cells from the rabbit was compared with that of alveolar macrophages,
lung lavage and lung tissue. In addition, the phospholipid composition of a human alveolar tumor cell line, which is morphologically
similar to type II cells, was examined. Phosphatidylcholine accounted for 48% of the total phospholipid in the type II cells,
41% in the tumor cells, and 30% in the macrophages. Phosphatidylcholine was 51% disaturated in the type II cells, 54% in lung
lavage, 39% in whole lung, 29% in lavaged lung and macrophages, and 16% in the tumor cells. Palmitic acid was the major fatty
acid in phosphatidylcholine from all samples with the exception of the tumor cells in which almost half of the fatty acids
were accounted for by oleic acid. The phospholipids of the type II cells were more similar to those of lung lavage, and thus
surfactant, than to lung tissue and macrophages. This is consistent with their supposed role in surfactant production. The
tumor cells, although morphologically similar to type II cells, were quite different with respect to phospholipid composition. 相似文献
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Usually when piezoelectric membrane actuators are mentioned, one classically thinks of a passive membrane with a piezoelectric
actuator on top. In this paper omitting the passive membrane will be suggested. Therefore, the piezoelectric actuator will
not be commonly designed as plate capacitor structure, such as that the piezoelectric material sitting between two plate electrodes.
Rather will the actuation be caused by structured surface electrodes on only one side of the piezoelectric material, leaving
the opposite side free of potential. Several surface electrode designs, starting with interdigital parallel structures, known
from surface acoustic wave transducers, spiral and ring structures, ending with star-shaped structures, are tested. The main
advantage of this actuation principle is that with the varying electrode design it became possible to also generate an upward
movement, i.e., in the direction of electrode side of the membrane. This upward movement has not been achieved with any piezoelectric
membrane actuator so far. 相似文献
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