Available transmission capacity (ATC) and its value under openaccess

Strictly engineering aspects of available transmission capacity (ATC) are analyzed first. Nonlinear network theory is used to provide several key conditions under which one could define a notion of ATC and specific novel algorithms for its evaluation. Next, the fundamental problem which prevents one from developing an economically efficient distributed transmission market based on the ATC is identified. It is suggested that for an electric power network of an arbitrary topology it is not possible to map the computed ATC onto its market value. All findings are illustrated using examples of small power systems     

Unbundling of transmission and ancillary services. II. Cost-basedpricing framework

For pt.I see ibid., vol.12, no.2 (1997). This paper presents a systematic framework for pricing transmission and ancillary services in competitive power markets. This framework is based on the recovery of fixed and operating costs, and it meets the traditional revenue requirements. It is practical, feasible, easy to implement, and to regulate. It can be implemented with minimum transition cost. This network flow-dependent and nondiscriminatory framework is based on the decomposition approach presented in Part I of this paper. This decomposition forms an essential part of the proposed framework for usage-based recovery of the fixed and operating costs. The transmission system related fixed cost component is recovered from all transactions based on percentage utilization of the transmission system equipment. The charge is based on the actual network power flows. The ancillary service charge for a given transaction can be computed as the sum of the costs incurred at secondary generation for compensating the imbalance caused by that specific transaction. The “path providing” function of the transmission grid is viewed as a true monopolistic service, its pricing is cost based, and charge for its use is usage based; the generation based ancillary service supply can be made competitive, its pricing is market based, and charge for it is usage based. A global overview of the proposed pricing strategy is analyzed in the context of other alternatives, especially cost-based methods. A numerical example on a five-bus system is given to illustrate the use of this pricing strategy     

Unbundling of transmission and ancillary services. I. Technicalissues

This paper presents derivations of basic formulae for computing the contributions of each economic transaction to the network power flows throughout the system in steady-state operation of interconnected electric power systems. It is shown that the net system power imbalance caused by each transaction can be obtained as a function of all transactions present on the system. In addition, formulae are proposed for calculating the contributions of every ancillary generation unit to each transaction. This generation is needed to balance the system in response to economic transactions. Formulae supporting this are based on reformulating the load flow problem in terms of distributed slack bus     

A global planning methodology for uncertain environments:application to the Lebanese power system

This paper presents a global power system planning methodology which attempts to resolve multi-conflicting objectives in a highly uncertain environment. Uncertainty results from unpredictable changes in demand, economic and population growth, fuel prices, inflation and interest rates. The planning process needs to adequately account for the effect of alternative plans constrained by financial, technical and uncertainty related impediments. The proposed methodology addresses generation and transmission planning, where by using various available tools, issues related to total demand growth, generation increase, power plant locations, transmission system development, and system operation and control were integrated to make the planning of the whole power system workable and realistic