Rapid biosorption and reduction removal of Cr（Ⅵ） from aqueous solution by dried seaweeds

Four types of common seaweeds（Laminaria japonica,Undaria pinnatifida,Porphyra haitanensis,and Gracilaria lemaneiformis） were examined to remove Cr（Ⅵ） ions from aqueous solution.The experimental parameters that affected the biosorption process including pH,biomass dosage,contact time and temperature were investigated via batch experiments.The surface characteristics of seaweeds before and after Cr（Ⅵ） adsorption were studied with scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results show that an initial solution with the pH of 1.0 is most favorable for Cr（Ⅵ） adsorption.Rapid adsorption is observed in the initial stage and adsorption equilibrium state is reached within 1 h.The adsorption efficiency by Porphyra haitanensis is the maximum among four types of seaweed powders,followed by Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida with biosorption efficiency up to 90%.The removal rate of Gracilaria lemaneiformis is less than 60%.The kinetic data obtained using the seaweeds are found to follow pseudo-second order kinetic model.Experimental sorption data adequately correlate with the Langmuir model.FTIR indicates that amino and carboxyl groups play an important role in the process of Cr（Ⅵ） adsorption and a large percentage of Cr（Ⅵ） ions are reduced by reductive groups on the surface of seaweeds.     

Heterogeneous photo-assisted Fenton catalytic removal of tetracycline using Fe-Ce pillared bentonite简

In the present work, a novel heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst was prepared by iron and cerium pillared bentonite. The catalyst Fe-Ce/bentonite was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray fluorescence （XRF）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） methods. It is found that Fe and Ce intercalate into the silicate layers of bentonite successfully. Tetracycline was removed by heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction using the catalyst in this work. The effects of different reaction systems, hydrogen peroxide concentration, initial pH, catalyst dosage, UV power and introduction of different anions on degradation were investigated in details. The stability of catalyst was investigated through recycling experiment. The results show that removal rate of tetracycline is 98.13% under the conditions of 15 mmol/L H202, 0.50 g/L catalyst dosage, initial pH 3.0, 11 W UV lamp power and 60 min reaction time. However, the removal rate decreases after adding some anions. The hydroxyl radical plays an important role in heterogeneous photo-assisted Fenton degradation of tetracycline. The catalyst is very stable and can be recycled many times.     

红毛菜多糖组成及结构的初步研究

对福建产红毛菜(Bangiafusco-purpurea)的热水提取物采用Sevage法脱蛋白,乙醇沉淀得粗多糖。经DEAE-32和SephadexG-200柱层析纯化,得到3种多糖PY1、PY2和PY3,其中PY3为主要的多糖。PY3紫外光谱和理化鉴定显示它不含蛋白质和核酸;化学组成分析得出该多糖半乳糖的含量为65.9%,硫酸根含量为9.53%;元素分析表明该多糖C:N:S摩尔比约为72:2:3;该多糖的水解产物经气相色谱分析,主要由半乳糖及其衍生物组成,有少量木糖存在,半乳糖和木糖的摩尔比值为11:1;红外光谱揭示它基本不含3,6-内醚一半乳糖的特征吸收,却有较强的硫酸基吸收峰;推测该多糖可能主要由6-硫酸基-半乳糖和β-D-半乳吡喃糖为重复二糖的多糖,可能是一种原琼胶。     

论马克思对费尔巴哈人的本质属性思想的批判继承与超越

费尔巴哈人本学唯物主义的核心是人学。人学是费尔巴哈哲学的精髓，而人的本质属性思想又是其人学的精华。人类思想史上，是费尔巴哈第一次就人的本质问题做了自然属性、社会属性、精神属性3个维度的系统分析，其理论贡献是巨大的，错误与缺陷也是明显的。马克思批判地继承了费尔巴哈人的本质属性思想的合理内核，又看到了其种种错误与局限，在科学实践观的基础上超越了费尔巴哈，对人的本质属性第一次给予了真正科学的系统分析，并为人学理论的发展开辟了新天地。     

离子型反丁烯二酸单甲酯的合成及抑菌活性研究

以顺丁烯二酸酐和甲醇为原料合成了反丁烯二酸单甲酯,通过正交试验考察了催化剂的用量、异构化时间及异构化温度对产率的影响。结果表明,反应原料顺丁烯二酸酐与甲醇物质的量比为1.1:1(摩尔比),在60℃下反应1h 实现单酯化后,加入10.9% 的三氯化铝在80℃下进行转型2h,产率为71.9%。并通过交叉融合法合成了离子型反丁烯二酸单甲酯,用熔点测定法、红外光谱法和NMR 对产品进行了鉴定。同时采用比浊法、平板法测定离子型反丁烯二酸单甲酯对细菌、霉菌、酵母的抑菌效果。结果表明离子型反丁烯二酸单甲酯对它们均有较强的抑菌活性,有望开发成为新型抑菌剂。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定染发剂中9种苯二胺类化合物和p-氨基苯酚

建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定染发剂中9种苯二胺类化合物和p-氨基苯酚的方法。采用Discovery RP-Am ide C16柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm,美国Supelco公司)为固定相,25mmol/L磷酸缓冲液体系(p H=6.0,含0.1%的辛烷磺酸钠)和乙腈为流动相,流速1.0ml/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL,检测波长250nm和280nm。该方法各组分的线性范围为0.500mg/L~400mg/L,相关系数R为0.9992~0.9999,检出限为18mg/Kg~113mg/Kg,定量限为42mg/Kg~373mg/Kg,相对标准偏差RSD<10%,加标回收率为86%~104%。该检测方法具有简便、快速、准确等特点,基本满足实际样品的分析要求。     

反丁烯二酸芳香醇酯的合成及抑菌活性研究

本文合成了一系列的反丁烯二酸芳香醇(苄醇、苯乙醇、苯丙醇、邻溴苄醇)酯,所得产物的NMR、FTIR表征结果与理论预测一致。用光电比浊法研究其抑菌活性,反丁烯二酸芳香醇酯表现出较强的抑菌活性,随着芳香醇的链长的增加对四种细菌的抑制作用也增强,芳香醇卤代后,与反丁烯二酸所生成的二酯的抑菌作用也得到加强。反丁烯二酸芳香醇酯有望成为高效抑菌剂。