合肥地铁深基坑开挖对临近建筑物沉降的影响分析

城市地铁建设常位于建筑物众多的城区,为避免影响周边建筑物的安全,必须严格控制因基坑开挖引起的建筑物沉降。本文通过对合肥地铁二号线潜山路站周边建筑物沉降量的监测值进行分析,并结合数据拟合的曲线,探讨了基坑开挖过程中建筑物沉降的一般规律,为以后的施工和将来的地铁建设提供指导和建议。     

Spray-coated PDMS/PVDF composite membrane for enhanced butanol recovery by pervaporation

In this study, spray-coating was used to prepare dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite membranes with high flux and separation factor for biobutanol recovery from aqueous solution. A thin, smooth, and defect-free PDMS layer was prepared by spray-coating on polyvinylidene difluoride ultrafiltration membrane with little PDMS penetration. The effects of process parameters for membrane fabrication and pervaporation on membrane performance were investigated. A membrane with 2 μm active layer was obtained with a high flux of 1306.9 g/m² h. The optimal membrane with the highest pervaporation separation index (PSI) (19.15 kg/m² h) showed a total flux of 530.6 g/m² h and a separation factor of 36.1 at 37°C, and a PSI of 65.61 kg/m² h and a flux of 1927.0 g/m² h at 70°C. Membrane performance was affected by feed composition and temperature. Acetone-butanol-ethanol solution and fermentation broth gave lower butanol fluxes and separation factors compared to butanol model solution.     

Case Retrieval Method of Multi-parameter for Customized Product

The CBR (Case-Based Reasoning) usually is been used to accomplish customized products by variant design or reusable design.In the CBR,retrieve is very important.A simple case retrieval method is been brought forward to retrieve a opti- mal prototype based on using inputted multi-parameters,it can be programmed easily.An example has been proved this method can find optimal prototype for new design task efficiently.     

基于GWR模型的京津冀县域碳排放强度时空演变及影响因素分析

为探究京津冀各县域碳减排潜力,在计算2008—2017年165个县域碳排放强度的基础上,采用标准差椭圆、探索性空间数据分析及地理加权回归等空间统计工具进行定性分析与定量研究。研究发现：河北省平均碳排放强度明显高于北京、天津两地,研究期间各区县碳排放强度下降明显,表明近年来的碳减排取得了良好成效。其次,分析重心-标准差椭圆发现碳排放强度重心始终位于保定市高阳县,重心逐渐向南迁移,标准差椭圆在空间上呈“东北-西南”分布格局。最后对碳排放强度影响因素进行了分析,发现人口密度、产业结构多元化、固定资产投资和财政收支在不同区域影响效果不同,但在多数地区可以有效降低碳排放强度。     

直投式纳豆菌发酵剂制备工艺优化

为探索出一种工艺简便、成本低且活菌数高的直投式纳豆菌（Bacillus natto）发酵剂的制备方法,该研究以大米粉为基质替代传统的种子液培养基培养纳豆菌后直接将其烘干制成直投式纳豆菌发酵剂,通过单因素及正交试验优化直投式纳豆菌发酵剂的制备工艺。结果表明,用含1.5%蛋白胨的大米粉作为培养基,在接种量4.0%、加水量40%、培养温度43 ℃条件下培养纳豆菌28 h,菌体生长良好,将培养物烘干后制成的直投式纳豆菌发酵剂中的活菌数含量达4.71×109 CFU/g。此技术操作简便,可推广至工业生产中,简化生产过程。     

科学松鼠会的传播内容偏向和受众关注偏向的调查研究

通过对科学松鼠会微博、博客、网站的内容和受众关注内容的主题分类进行统计分析,发现两者都偏向关注生物、健康、医学等类别,即传播内容的偏向与受众关注的偏向具有一致性。同时,通过对科学松鼠会主编"游识猷"(网名)的采访调查和对其微博粉丝的问卷调查,深入分析科学松鼠会的传播者和受传者分别在各自偏向的形成过程中所起的作用,以及这两种偏向的关系,并为其他综合性科普网站提供一定的借鉴。     

关于有向Jordan光滑曲线的弧长计算

众所周知，在《数学分析》的定积分应用中，关于有向Ｊｏｒｄａｎ光滑曲线的弧长，给出了经过严格证明的三种形式的计算公式。但是曲线方程在极坐标情形下，当曲线的部分量用相应的小圆弧段长度近似代替时，所导出的公式，一般情况是不正确。这是一个在教学过程必然遇到的问题。本文就此问题给出了明确的回答和严格的证明。     

Univariate imputation method for recovering missing data in wastewater treatment process

High-quality data play a paramount role in monitoring, control, and prediction of wastewater treatment process (WWTP) and can effectively ensure the efficient and stable operation of system. Missing values seriously degrade the accuracy, reliability and completeness of the data quality due to network collapses, connection errors and data transformation failures. In these cases, it is infeasible to recover missing data depending on the correlation with other variables. To tackle this issue, a univariate imputation method (UIM) is proposed for WWTP integrating decomposition method and imputation algorithms. First, the seasonal-trend decomposition based on loess method is utilized to decompose the original time series into the seasonal, trend and remainder components to deal with the nonstationary characteristics of WWTP data. Second, the support vector regression is used to approximate the nonlinearity of the trend and remainder components respectively to provide estimates of its missing values. A self-similarity decomposition is conducted to fill the seasonal component based on its periodic pattern. Third, all the imputed results are merged to obtain the imputation result. Finally, six time series of WWTP are used to evaluate the imputation performance of the proposed UIM by comparing with existing seven methods based on two indicators. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed UIM is effective for WWTP time series under different missing ratios. Therefore, the proposed UIM is a promising method to impute WWTP time series.     

基于模糊算法的水下机器人路径规划研究

针对水下机器人的工作环境的复杂性与不确定性,为了提高自主式水下机器人与外部环境交互及自主航行的能力,结合视线导航原理与模糊控制算法,提出一种未知环境下水下机器人的局部路径规划策略,可实现机器人的实时避障功能。利用测距声呐、短基线系统对环境进行探测,得到一定范围内的障碍物与目标信息,通过模糊控制器实时调整水下机器人的运动偏转角度,有效地避开障碍物,达到预定目标点。最后通过MATLAB进行仿真,构建一个仿真实验平台,交互式设置障碍物的数量、大小、形状、位置等初始信息,机器人运用该算法在多障碍物、不同路障环境下,都能较好地实现机器人避障,验证了算法的有效性。