基于子矩阵对数累积量的极化合成孔径雷达图像等效视图数估计新方法

等效视图数是极化合成孔径雷达图像信息处理过程中的关键参数之一.首先提出了基于子矩阵对数累积量的极化合成孔径雷达图像等效视图数估计的最大似然估计方法及其子矩阵联合最大似然估计方法.所提估计方法是基于表征多视极化雷达图像数据的协方差矩阵及其子矩阵的对数累积量建立,打破了原有方法只能应用于图像数据符合高斯相干斑模型而不能应用于图像数据符合多变量乘积相干斑模型的限制,拓展了等效视图数估计方法的适用范围.然后给出了不同阶子矩阵对数累积量估计方法对估计精度的影响,并与已有方法和Cramér-Rao限进行了对比,给出了最佳的最大似然估计方案,同时针对估计方法对样本数目的依赖,给出了对数累积量估计的修正算法.最后对提出的估计方法进行了理论仿真和实测数据验证,结果表明了等效视图数估计新方法的正确性和有效性,特别适用于相干斑的乘积数据模型,提高了极化合成孔径雷达图像模型参数估计的快速性和准确性.     

Modeling multilook polarimetric SAR images with heavy-tailed rayleigh distribution and novel estimation based on matrix log-cumulants

With the improvements in modern radar resolution,the Gaussian-fluctuation model based on the central limit theorem does not accurately describe the scattering echo from targets.In contrast,the heavytailed Rayleigh distribution,based on the generalized central limit theorem,performs well in modeling the synthetic aperture radar(SAR) images,whereas its application to multi-look image processing is difficult.We describe successful modeling of multilook polarimetric SAR images with the heavy-tailed Rayleigh distribution and present novel parameter estimators based on matrix log-cumulants for the heavy-tailed Rayleigh distribution including the equivalent number of looks(ENL).First,a compound variable of heavy-tailed Rayleigh distribution is divided into a product of a positive alpha-stable variable and a complex Gaussian variable.The parameter estimations of the characteristic exponent and scale parameter based on log-cumulants in a single polarization channel are then derived.Second,the matrix log-cumulants(MLCs) for full polarization in multilook images are obtained,which can be applied to estimate model parameters.Therefore,a novel ENL estimator based on MLC is presented that describes the model more precisely.Extended to all other multivariable product models,this estimator performs better than existing methods.Finally,calculations on both simulated and real data are performed that give good fits with theoretical results.Multilook processing in one image with a fixed pixel number can improve parameter estimations over single-look processing.Our heavy-tailed Rayleigh model with its parameter estimation provides a new method to analyze the multilook polarimetric SAR images for target detection and classification.     

Experimental investigation of MIMO relay channels statistics and capacity based on wideband outdoor measurements at 2.35 GHz

Relay,which serves to enhance the performance of future communication networks,is one of the most promising techniques for IMT-Advanced systems.The potential performance improvement of relay is investigated in this work.Our investigation consists of two steps.In the first step,to obtain a better understanding of the fundamental properties of relay channels,we conducted outdoor measurements at 2.35 GHz with 50 MHz bandwidth in a typical urban area of China.Three links constituting the relay transmission,i.e....     

Generalized constructal optimization for the secondary cooling process of slab continuous casting based on entransy theory

Based on constructal theory and entransy theory,a generalized constructal optimization of a solidification heat transfer process of slab continuous casting for a specified total water flow rate in the secondary cooling zone was carried out.A complex function was taken as the optimization objective to perform the casting.The complex function was composed of the functions of the entransy dissipation and surface temperature gradient of the slab.The optimal water distribution at the sections of the secondary cooling zone were obtained.The effects of the total water flow rate in the secondary cooling zone,casting speed,superheat and water distribution on the generalized constructal optimizations of the secondary cooling process were analyzed.The results show that on comparing the optimization results obtained based on the optimal water distributions of the 8 sections in the secondary cooling zone with those based on the initial ones,the complex function and the functions of the entransy dissipation and surface temperature gradient after optimization decreased by 43.25%,5.90%and 80.60%,respectively.The quality and energy storage of the slab had obviously improved in this case.The complex function,composed of the functions of the entransy dissipation and surface temperature gradient of the slab,was a compromise between the internal and surface temperature gradients of the slab.Essentially,it is also the compromise between energy storage and quality of the slab.The"generalized constructal optimization"based on the minimum complex function can provide an optimal alternative scheme from the point of view of improving energy storage and quality for the parameter design and dynamic operation of the solidification heat transfer process of slab continuous casting.     

高精度三维GPS控制网的建立与数据处理

全面介绍了南宁市城市高精度三维GPS控制网的概况,然后讨论了利GAMIT/GLOBK软件处理控制网的基线处理方案和网平差方案,计算出各个测站在ITRF2005框架下的三维直角坐标,得出南宁市三维GPS控制网不论从布网,还是精度上均达到甚至优于国家B级GPS网的结论.     

多传感器测量数据预处理

传统传感器测量数据处理方法只采用算术平均值的数字滤波法，虽然这种方法具有一定的抗干扰性，但从统计理论和实际应用情况分析来看，这种方法处理的数据不是测量结果的最好表示，尤其对于多传感器测量情况甚至更糟糕。针对这种情况提出了通过2次利用偏度分析建立动态检测门限判别并剔除粗差，再进行数据融合的分批估计方法．数据分析结果表明。这样处理后的数据测量误差和方差均更小，测量结果更接近测量真值。     

某型航空发动机高温总压探针基础激励疲劳寿命研究

被试航空发动机内涵高温区测试探针的可靠性直接关系发动机试飞试验安全,对其进行疲劳寿命进行预估十分必要。根据Steinberg提出的基于高斯分布和Miner法则的三区间法,结合某型发动机低压涡轮导向叶片截面的总压探针试验时工作环境,推导出发动机基础激励下该总压探针疲劳寿命模型;通过对总压探针所安装的发动机大量试飞试验数据统计分析,得到该总压探针的实际工作温度环境,并进行温度区间划分,计算各区间时间占比、平均频率等;最后通过Ansys软件计算该总压探针在划分的各温度区间下的最大等效应力,代入疲劳寿命模型得出该总压探针的疲劳寿命,从而为被试发动机试飞试验的安全可靠性提供参考。     

Performance optimization of thermionic refrigerators based on van der Waals heterostructures

In this paper, an irreversible thermionic refrigerator model based on van der Waals heterostructure with various irreversibilities is established by utilizing combination of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and finite time thermodynamics. The basic performance characteristics of the refrigerator are obtained. The effects of key factors, such as bias voltages, Schottky barrier heights and heat leakages, on the performance are studied. Results show that cooling rates and coefficients of performances(COPs) can attain the double maximum with proper modulation of barrier heights and bias voltages. Increasing cross-plane thermal resistance as well as decreasing electrode-reservoir thermal resistance and reservoir-reservoir thermal resistance can enhance the performance of the device. The optimal performance region is the interval between the maximum cooling rate point and the maximum COP point. By modulating the bias voltage, the working state of the device can fall into the optimal performance region. The optimal performance of the refrigerator when using single layer graphene and a few layers graphene as electrode material is also compared.     

3G风云谁主沉浮？

蛋糕谁都想吃,而当蛋糕变成了战场时,手中拿着武器就不再是拿着刀叉那么简单…….目前,各运营商的目光不约而同转向动作频繁的国内品牌3G市场.3G之战正蓄热待发而硝烟已弥漫了黎明前的市场.对3G的发展前景出现了百家争鸣,有的对它充满了希望;有的对它持悲观态度.因此,我刊特邀请了知名企业和技术精英共同来参加讨论智者的理念碰撞一定会给我们带来新的思考。     

采用Kohonen神经网络的ATM接入控制研究

提出了一种新的采用Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ神经网络的ＡＴＭ接入控制方法，它避免了在ＢＰ神经网络中存在的大量训练数据和精确的学习训练之间的矛盾，不仅学习收敛快，而且数值结果表明在保证业务质量的前提下获得了相当高的信道利用率。