硅和四氯化硅耦合加氢反应体系的热力学分析

基于Gibbs自由能最小原理,对硅和四氯化硅（SiCl₄,STC）耦合加氢反应体系进行了热力学分析。通过化学平衡产物组成分布的分析,确定了反应体系主要产物为三氯硅烷（HSiCl₃,TCS）、二氯硅烷（H₂SiCl₂,DCS）、盐酸（HCl）,并构造了3个相应的独立反应,讨论了对应的反应热（ΔrHθm）、自由能（ΔrGθm）和平衡常数（Kθp）与温度的关系。计算所采用的温度为673~923 K,压力为101.325 ~2 026.5 kPa,原料H₂与SiCl₄物质的量比为1~5。结果表明,生成TCS和DCS的反应为体系随着温度升高,四氯化硅平衡转化率及三氯硅烷产率降低;高压和适中的原料配比（H₂与SiCl₄物质的量比）有利于四氯化硅转化率及三氯硅烷产率的提高。     

基于非平衡态成盐相图实现苦卤资源高效利用(英文)

Salt-forming regions for a complex salt-water system in non-equilibrium state of evaporation process are usually different from those in solubility diagrams.To understand the solid-forming region of NaCl and improve the utilization of bittern resources,experiments were carried out to evaporate 20 representative mixture solution samples of Na +,Mg 2+ //Cl-,2 4 SO-H2O system with an average evaporation intensity of(1.4±0.4) g·L-1 ·min-1(water) at boiling temperature 348 K,and determine the NaCl solid-forming regions in non-equilibrium state.Because of the complexity of salt-forming region,a maximal region and a minimal region were proposed to express the non-equilibrium state salt-forming region with different crystal seed,and a conditional salt-forming region was proposed to present the characteristic region of non-equilibrium salt-forming phase diagram.The areas of the maximal and minimal regions are 2.00 and 1.56 times those in solubility diagram,so it is possible to utilize bittern resources in high efficiency.The recovery rates of NaCl were 99.65%,93.14%,88.57%,72.76%,and 83.68%for six typical bittern sources from Tulantai Salt Lake(China),Dongtai Salt Lake(China) ,Jilantai Salt Lake(China),Qarun Salt Lake(Egypt) and seawater,respectively.It is testified that the non-equilibrium state salt-forming phase diagram can be used in industrial processes.