Transgenerational Effects of Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate on Anogenital Distance,Sperm Functions and DNA Methylation in Rat Offspring

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of polyvinylchloride plastics and has been associated with concerns regarding male reproductive toxicity. In this study, we hypothesized that maternal exposure to DEHP induces transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset adverse reproductive outcomes through the male germline in the F1, F2, and F3 generations of male offspring. Pregnant rats were treated with 5 or 500 mg of DEHP/kg/day through gavage from gestation day 0 to birth. The offspring body weight, anogenital distance (AGD), anogenital index (AGI), sperm count, motility, and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were measured for all generations. Methyl-CpG binding domain sequencing was performed to analyze sperm DNA methylation status in the F3. DEHP exposure at 500 mg/kg affected AGD, AGI, sperm count, mean DFI, and %DFI in the F1; AGD, sperm count, and mean DFI in the F2; and AGD, AGI, mean DFI, and %DFI in the F3. DEHP exposure at 5 mg/kg affected AGD, AGI, sperm count, and %DFI in the F1; sperm count in the F2; and AGD and AGI in F3. Compared with the control group, 15 and 45 differentially hypermethylated genes were identified in the groups administered 5 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg DEHP, respectively. Moreover, 130 and 6 differentially hypomethylated genes were observed in the groups administered 5 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg DEHP. Overall, these results demonstrated that prenatal exposure to DEHP caused transgenerational epigenetic effects, which may explain the observed phenotypic changes in the male reproductive system.     

基于自注意力机制模拟实体信息的实体关系抽取

在信息抽取领域,从非结构化文本中抽取实体关系是一项基础且重要的任务,且面临实体重叠和模型误差累积等挑战.本文以关系为导向,提出一种改进的实体关系联合抽取方法.该方法将实体关系抽取任务分为关系抽取与实体抽取两个子任务.在关系抽取任务上采用自注意力机制关注词与词之间的重要程度从而模拟实体信息,并使用平均池化来表征整个句子信息;在实体抽取任务上结合关系信息使用条件随机场识别该关系下的实体对.本模型不仅能够利用存在关系必定存在实体对的思想解决实体对重叠问题,还能够在训练过程中利用数据集中已知的关系使实体抽取模块不依赖于关系抽取模块的结果来训练,从而在训练阶段避免误差累积.最后,在WebNLG和NYT公开数据集上验证了该模型的有效性.     

X射线单晶衍射仪远程控制系统消息通信系统

为突破现有的X射线单晶衍射仪操作与控制系统上位机直接控制下位机模式,采用RabbitMQ企业级消息队列服务器作为控制通信服务器,并以此为基础搭建X射线单晶衍射仪远程控制系统的消息通信平台,实现对分布式各个子系统的远程操作与控制.本文介绍了针对远程控制系统的消息通信系统进行设计,初步测试表明在此通信系统上能够实现稳定精准的消息通信.     

招标业务流程重组及其信息化实施策略

运用业务流程重组的理论,以某集团企业为实例,论述了BPR在大型企业招标信息化建设中的重要作用,并从体制、制度、流程的重构几个层面,指导招标信息化建设。同时,也通过对招标信息化与业务流程重组实施相结合进行探讨,以期实现招标管理水平的有效提升。     

Moving object detection in the encrypted domain

Multimedia Tools and Applications - The privacy-preserving moving object detection has drawn a lot of interest lately. Nevertheless, current approaches use Paillier’s scheme for encryption...     

高产聚-β-羟基丁酸酯的甲烷氧化菌OB3b和光合菌共培养体系驯化

目的 提高甲烷氧化菌OB3b(Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b)和光合菌共培养体系中聚-β-羟基丁酸酯(poly-β-hydroxybutyrate,PHB)的产量。方法 采用丰盛-饥饿间歇供料法对共生菌进行好氧开放式培养,以生长速度、PHB产量、特征性酶甲烷单加氧酶活性为主要指标,考察驯化过程中共培养体系PHB产量及甲烷氧化菌活性的变化。结果 经过4轮的丰盛-饥饿间歇供料驯化,丰盛期细胞密度可达1.2以上,饥饿期细胞密度下降速度显著降低,细胞存活率高,驯化作用明显,菌体内PHB含量从11.76%增加到37.34%(w/w),传代稳定性良好。结论 通过丰盛-饥饿间歇供料模式驯化后的共培养体系PHB产量明显提高,得到了稳定的高产PHB甲烷氧化菌-光合菌共培养体系。     

基于金纳米簇与纳米金的荧光内滤效应检测脂肪酶活性

目的 建立一种基于吐温80自氧化作用催化纳米金形成与荧光内滤机制,相对简单、快速、适用于蛋白浓度较高的游离酶的脂肪酶活性检测方法。方法 使用金纳米簇作为荧光基团,纳米金作为吸收剂,基于荧光内滤机制测定游离脂肪酶活力。设置对照试验对吐温80浓度、氯金酸浓度、温度、pH等反应条件进行优化,探索最适条件下脂肪酶水解反应时间及吐温80还原纳米金的时间并对反应体系进行抗干扰检测,验证该方法的可行性。结果 当脂肪酶酶活力在13.5～15092.0 U/L时,荧光强度的差值随脂肪酶活力的升高而增加,相关系数为0.9977,脂肪酶活力的检出限为2.34 U/L (信噪比为3)。结论 该方法操作相对简单、快速、检测范围较大、灵敏度高,具有实用性,可适用于蛋白浓度较高的游离酶的脂肪酶活力测定。     

微生物源天然食品防腐剂的研究进展

天然食品防腐剂按其来源不同可分为植物源天然防腐剂、动物源天然防腐剂和微生物源天然防腐剂。微生物源天然食品防腐剂由于其本身的优越性,越来越受到人们的青睐。本文主要介绍了微生物来源的天然食品防腐剂乳酸链球菌素、ε-聚赖氨酸、曲酸、溶菌酶和甲烷氧化菌素的最新研究进展,阐述了它们的理化性质、抑菌机制和应用现状,同时简单介绍了纳他霉素、抗菌肽、罗伊氏菌素和嗜杀酵母等微生物源天然食品防腐剂的应用现状,旨在为高效、无毒、天然食品防腐剂的研究提供参考。天然食品防腐剂最有发展的可能是将几种来源不同的天然食品防腐剂复配,或者将一种天然防腐剂与其他化学防腐剂复配使用,不仅可以减少防腐剂在食品中的用量,同时还可以使食品的杀菌或抑菌条件更加温和化,对人们的饮食健康非常有利。     

E-auction web assessment model in China

Electronic auction (e-auction), a major e-commerce model, has enjoyed rapid growth in many countries. This study develops a web assessment model (EAWAM) from a consumer perspective that suggests that user intention to continue using an e-auction website is based on users’ satisfaction with the e-auction website, which is determined by perceived e-auction user friendliness, functionality and interactivity. Web trustworthiness serves as an important antecedent to perceived e-auction user friendliness and functionality. To validate this model, a survey was conducted using 191 users of Taobao.com from 15 cities in China. Partial Least Square analysis results provided strong support for this model and also yielded important implications and suggestions for further research.     

(?)-Epicatechin-3-O-β-d-allopyranoside from Davallia formosana,Prevents Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia by Regulation of Glucose Transporter 4 and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation in High-Fat-Fed Mice

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the antidiabetic and lipid-lowering effects of (−)-epicatechin-3-O-β-d-allopyranoside (BB) from the roots and stems of Davallia formosana in mice. Animal treatment was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (control diet, CD). After eight weeks of HFD or CD exposure, the HFD mice were treating with BB or rosiglitazone (Rosi) or fenofibrate (Feno) or water through gavage for another four weeks. However, at 12 weeks, the HFD-fed group had enhanced blood levels of glucose, triglyceride (TG), and insulin. BB treatment significantly decreased blood glucose, TG, and insulin levels. Moreover, visceral fat weights were enhanced in HFD-fed mice, accompanied by increased blood leptin concentrations and decreased adiponectin levels, which were reversed by treatment with BB. Muscular membrane protein levels of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) were reduced in HFD-fed mice and significantly enhanced upon administration of BB, Rosi, and Feno. Moreover, BB treatment markedly increased hepatic and skeletal muscular expression levels of phosphorylation of AMP-activated (adenosine monophosphate) protein kinase (phospho-AMPK). BB also decreased hepatic mRNA levels of phosphenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), which are associated with a decrease in hepatic glucose production. BB-exerted hypotriglyceridemic activity may be partly associated with increased mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), and with reduced hepatic glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) mRNA levels in the liver, which decreased triacylglycerol synthesis. Nevertheless, we demonstrated BB was a useful approach for the management of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia in this animal model.