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1.
目的:探索炎性疾病患者的乳酸林格氏液(Ringer's lactate,RL)液体动力学特征以及炎性生物标记物是否可以作为协变量影响RL分布和排泄。方法:本研究为前瞻性队列研究。选择40例美国麻醉医师分级(ASA)I-II级,腹腔镜下择期胆囊切除术(胆囊炎组,n=20)或者腹腔镜下急诊阑尾切除术(阑尾炎组,n=20)。所有患者麻醉诱导前开始输注RL,按15 mL/kg,35 min内输毕。采用酶联免疫(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)方法测定血浆炎症(TNF-α,IL-10和CRP)或者内皮损伤生物标记物(syndecan-1,SDC-1);利用血红蛋白(Hb)稀释-时间曲线和尿量,使用Phoenix软件,采用非线性混合效应模型分析计算RL液体动力学参数和协变量的影响。结果:与胆囊炎组相比,阑尾炎组RL从组织间隙到血浆的转运速率常数(k21)显著降低(14×10-3min-1 versus 35×10-3min-1;P=0.012)。阑尾炎组C反应蛋白(CRP)升高[中位数38.1(1.8-143.6) μg/mL versus 1.3(0.1-159.0) μg/mL;P<0.001];与清醒状态相比,麻醉期间(输液开始后30~45 min),液体从中央室中到外周室的转运速率常数(k12)显著增加(57×10-3min-1 versus 32×10-3min-1;P<0.01)。清除速率常数(k10)降低90%(0.6×10-3min-1 versus 5.3×10-3min-1;P<0.001)。无论在清醒状态还是麻醉状态下低血压均能降低液体清除;炎症或者内膜损伤的生物标记物不能作为显著影响RL液体动力学参数的协变量。结论:阑尾炎或者胆囊炎患者术前输入液体后“炎症反应的生物标记物”不是RL的液体动力学的协变量,但是两组患者中,全身麻醉期间输入液体的清除率下降。 相似文献
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A system for recognizing a large class of engineering drawings 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Yuhong Yu Samal A. Seth S.C. 《IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence》1997,19(8):868-890
We present a system for recognizing a large class of engineering drawings characterized by alternating instances of symbols and connection lines. The class includes domains such as flowcharts, logic and electrical circuits, and chemical plant diagrams. The output of the system, a netlist identifying the symbol types and interconnections, may be used for design simulation or as a compact portable representation of the drawing. The automatic recognition task is divided into two stages: 1) domain-independent rules are used to segment symbols from connection lines in the drawing image that has been thinned, vectorized, and preprocessed in routine ways; 2) a drawing understanding subsystem works in concert with a set of domain-specific matchers to classify symbols and correct errors automatically. A graphical user interface is provided to correct residual errors interactively and to log data for reporting errors objectively. The system has been tested on a database of 64 printed images drawn from text books and handbooks in different domains and scanned at 150 and 300 dpi resolution 相似文献
4.
本文旨在通过对玻璃钢管道及其标准的发展历史、产品特点、基本设计原理、质量影响因素及选用时应注意的事项等方面的介绍,使用户与工程设计人员对该产品有一个比较全面的了解,以便更好地选用并受益于这种管材。 相似文献
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无线数据通信网发展趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
无线数据通信具有两大发展趋势,即低速的广域移动数据网及高速的局域无线数据网。本文介绍了其技术特点、应用情况和市场前景,分析了无线数据通信传输技术、网络结构和媒质接入控制等问题。 相似文献
6.
At the same time that state departments of transportation are allowing contractor-performed quality control, they are also concerned about using the contractor-reported data for acceptance and payment purposes. The question is, are we putting the fox in charge of guarding the chickens? To address this concern, a large number of asphalt and concrete projects in Kentucky were examined. The statistical analyses showed that for the most part there is no significant difference between the contractor-performed acceptance data and concomitant highway agency-performed verification data. This is obviously a very encouraging finding that is expected to enhance the level of trust between the contractors and highway agencies. 相似文献
7.
高档仪器逐渐采用Windows操作系统,使得设备驱动程序成为仪器开发中的重要内容。随着Windows的发展,设备驱动程序有着不同的体系结构。文中总结驱动程序的发展过程,介绍当前较常用的几种驱动程序开发工具,并分析比较它们的优缺点。 相似文献
8.
Learning and memory of novel spatial configurations aids behaviors such as visual search through an implicit process called contextual cuing (M. M. Chun & Y. Jiang, 1998). The present study provides rigorous tests of the implicit nature of contextual cuing. Experiment 1 used a recognition test that closely matched the learning task, confirming that memory traces of predictive spatial context were not accessible to conscious retrieval. Experiment 2 gave explicit instructions to encode visual context during learning, but learning was not improved and conscious memory remained undetectable. Experiment 3 illustrates that memory traces for spatial context may persist for at least 1 week, suggesting a long-term component of contextual cuing. These experiments indicate that the learning and memory of spatial context in the contextual cuing task are indeed implicit. The results have implications for understanding the neural substrate of spatial contextual learning, which may depend on an intact medial temporal lobe system that includes the hippocampus (M. M. Chun & E. A. Phelps, 1999). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
9.
Abstract The whole DNA of soybean was implanted into four varieties of wheat of Zhongyu5, Huaiyin 9628, Wenyou 1, Jimai 5 respectively via ion-beam mediation. There were 5 plantsobtained whose protein content was higher than 18.5%, the highest one was 21.44%. There were 3plants obtained whose protein content was lower than 11.5%, the lowest one was 10.96%. We cansee that the whole DNA of soybean transformed into wheat via ion beam implantation can inducethe increase in wheat protein content dramatically. The result also shows that the transformationefficiency of different gene types of wheat receptor varies greatly that the implanting time has acertain effect on the efficiency of transformation. 相似文献
10.
分偏移距动校正方法的改进 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在地震资料处理中,速度分析和动校正对资料品质的影响很大。由于动校正速度是随偏移距变化而变化的,而常规速度分析并没有考虑这一因素,动校正效果往往不是很理想,从而影响资料的叠加和成像效果。分偏移距动校方法是在不同偏移距上采用不同的速度进行动校正。但由于是在不同偏移距组上分别独立进行速度分析和动校正,因此不能将不同偏移距组的同一反射同相轴校正到同一to层位上。这样就需要进行繁琐的后续处理,而且还会降低同相轴的连续性和平滑性。为此,对该方法进行了一些改进,即固定to在不同的分偏移距段进行速度扫描,段与段之间的衔接问题采用平滑处理解决。理论模型分析表明,采取上述改进措施后,动校正效果得到了一定提高,改善了同相轴的连续性和平滑性。 相似文献