全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2361篇 |
免费 | 171篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 8篇 |
化学工业 | 1059篇 |
金属工艺 | 21篇 |
机械仪表 | 41篇 |
建筑科学 | 78篇 |
矿业工程 | 5篇 |
能源动力 | 41篇 |
轻工业 | 574篇 |
水利工程 | 15篇 |
石油天然气 | 7篇 |
无线电 | 80篇 |
一般工业技术 | 293篇 |
冶金工业 | 69篇 |
原子能技术 | 6篇 |
自动化技术 | 236篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 48篇 |
2022年 | 276篇 |
2021年 | 307篇 |
2020年 | 84篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 89篇 |
2017年 | 84篇 |
2016年 | 98篇 |
2015年 | 75篇 |
2014年 | 95篇 |
2013年 | 158篇 |
2012年 | 137篇 |
2011年 | 163篇 |
2010年 | 110篇 |
2009年 | 120篇 |
2008年 | 93篇 |
2007年 | 92篇 |
2006年 | 76篇 |
2005年 | 62篇 |
2004年 | 54篇 |
2003年 | 42篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 22篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1934年 | 1篇 |
1933年 | 1篇 |
1932年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2533条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Theodoros Eleftheriadis Georgios Pissas Marta Crespo Evdokia Nikolaou Vassilios Liakopoulos Ioannis Stefanidis 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
Direct allorecognition is the earliest and most potent immune response against a kidney allograft. Currently, it is thought that passenger donor professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are responsible. Further, many studies support that graft ischemia-reperfusion injury increases the probability of acute rejection. We evaluated the possible role of primary human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs) in direct allorecognition by CD4+ T-cells and the effect of anoxia-reoxygenation. In cell culture, we detected that RPTECs express all the required molecules for CD4+ T-cell activation (HLA-DR, CD80, and ICAM-1). Anoxia-reoxygenation decreased HLA-DR and CD80 but increased ICAM-1. Following this, RPTECs were co-cultured with alloreactive CD4+ T-cells. In T-cells, zeta chain phosphorylation and c-Myc increased, indicating activation of T-cell receptor and co-stimulation signal transduction pathways, respectively. T-cell proliferation assessed with bromodeoxyuridine assay and with the marker Ki-67 increased. Previous culture of RPTECs under anoxia raised all the above parameters in T-cells. FOXP3 remained unaffected in all cases, signifying that proliferating T-cells were not differentiated towards a regulatory phenotype. Our results support that direct allorecognition may be mediated by RPTECs even in the absence of donor-derived professional APCs. Also, ischemia-reperfusion injury of the graft may enhance the above capacity of RPTECs, increasing the possibility of acute rejection. 相似文献
2.
Lucía Beltrn-Camacho Marta Rojas-Torres M
Carmen Durn-Ruiz 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) constitutes the most severe form of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), it is characterized by progressive blockade of arterial vessels, commonly correlated to atherosclerosis. Currently, revascularization strategies (bypass grafting, angioplasty) remain the first option for CLI patients, although less than 45% of them are eligible for surgical intervention mainly due to associated comorbidities. Moreover, patients usually require amputation in the short-term. Angiogenic cell therapy has arisen as a promising alternative for these “no-option” patients, with many studies demonstrating the potential of stem cells to enhance revascularization by promoting vessel formation and blood flow recovery in ischemic tissues. Herein, we provide an overview of studies focused on the use of angiogenic cell therapies in CLI in the last years, from approaches testing different cell types in animal/pre-clinical models of CLI, to the clinical trials currently under evaluation. Furthermore, recent alternatives related to stem cell therapies such as the use of secretomes, exosomes, or even microRNA, will be also described. 相似文献
3.
Anna Wawruszak Jarogniew Luszczki Marta Halasa Estera Okon Sebastian Landor Cecilia Sahlgren Adolfo Rivero-Muller Andrzej Stepulak 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(10)
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) are promising anti-cancer agents that inhibit proliferation of many types of cancer cells including breast carcinoma (BC) cells. In the present study, we investigated the influence of the Notch1 activity level on the pharmacological interaction between cisplatin (CDDP) and two HDIs, valproic acid (VPA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, vorinostat), in luminal-like BC cells. The type of drug–drug interaction between CDDP and HDIs was determined by isobolographic analysis. MCF7 cells were genetically modified to express differential levels of Notch1 activity. The cytotoxic effect of SAHA or VPA was higher on cells with decreased Notch1 activity and lower for cells with increased Notch1 activity than native BC cells. The isobolographic analysis demonstrated that combinations of CDDP with SAHA or VPA at a fixed ratio of 1:1 exerted additive or additive with tendency toward synergism interactions. Therefore, treatment of CDDP with HDIs could be used to optimize a combined therapy based on CDDP against Notch1-altered luminal BC. In conclusion, the combined therapy of HDIs and CDDP may be a promising therapeutic tool in the treatment of luminal-type BC with altered Notch1 activity. 相似文献
4.
Marta Kowalska Micha Prendecki Thomas Piekut Wojciech Kozubski Jolanta Dorszewska 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
Migraine is a common neurological disease that affects about 11% of the adult population. The disease is divided into two main clinical subtypes: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. According to the neurovascular theory of migraine, the activation of the trigeminovascular system (TGVS) and the release of numerous neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are involved in headache pathogenesis. TGVS can be activated by cortical spreading depression (CSD), a phenomenon responsible for the aura. The mechanism of CSD, stemming in part from aberrant interactions between neurons and glia have been studied in models of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM), a rare monogenic form of migraine with aura. The present review focuses on those interactions, especially as seen in FHM type 1, a variant of the disease caused by a mutation in CACNA1A, which encodes the α1A subunit of the P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel. 相似文献
5.
Alfonso Martín-Bernab Josep Tarrag-Celada Valrie Cunin Sylvie Michelland Roldn Corts Johann Poignant Cyril Boyault Walid Rachidi Sandrine Bourgoin-Voillard Marta Cascante Michel Seve 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
Growing evidence is showing that acetylation plays an essential role in cancer, but studies on the impact of KDAC inhibition (KDACi) on the metabolic profile are still in their infancy. Here, we analyzed, by using an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics approach, the changes in the proteome of KRAS-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells in response to trichostatin-A (TSA) and nicotinamide (NAM) under normoxia and hypoxia. Part of this response was further validated by molecular and biochemical analyses and correlated with the proliferation rates, apoptotic cell death, and activation of ROS scavenging mechanisms in opposition to the ROS production. Despite the differences among the KDAC inhibitors, up-regulation of glycolysis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid synthesis emerged as a common metabolic response underlying KDACi. We also observed that some of the KDACi effects at metabolic levels are enhanced under hypoxia. Furthermore, we used a drug repositioning machine learning approach to list candidate metabolic therapeutic agents for KRAS mutated NSCLC. Together, these results allow us to better understand the metabolic regulations underlying KDACi in NSCLC, taking into account the microenvironment of tumors related to hypoxia, and bring new insights for the future rational design of new therapies. 相似文献
6.
The aim of this study was to investigate the drug‐loading effects on release and mechanical properties of a scleroglucan gel, with the intention of considering them in delivery systems formulations. The rheological and kinetic properties of a 2 % w/w scleroglucan gel matrix loaded with 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.2 and 0.4 % w/w of theophylline (Th, used as a model drug) were investigated. Rheological measurements were performed in a controlled‐stress rotational‐shear rheometer under isothermal conditions. For theophylline release from the gel a flat Franz cell was used and the kinetic parameters were derived applying a semi‐empirical power law. The influence of scleroglucan molar weight on kinetic and rheological behaviour was also studied. Results suggest two possible effects of drug loading on the gel network: in the 0.04–0.06 % w/w Th range a plasticizing effect and in the 0.2–0.4 % w/w Th range a rigidization effect. In the first range mentioned, the changes in the gel structural properties tested by means of rheological measurements are coincident with changes in drug‐release kinetics. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
7.
Marta Fernndez-García Pedro Francisco Caamero Jos Luis de la Fuente 《Reactive and Functional Polymers》2008,68(9):1384-1391
Epoxy-functional spontaneous gradient copolymers of glycidyl methacrylate (G) and n-butyl acrylate (B) were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The copolymerization reactions were carried out in toluene solution at 70 °C, using methyl 2-bromopropionate (MBrP) as initiator and copper chloride with N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as the catalyst system. The kinetic behaviour of the statistical copolymerizations was studied in a wide composition interval with molar fractions of G ranging from 0.10 to 0.75. The synthesized copolymers were characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. 1H NMR was employed to determine the copolymer composition, demonstrating the gradient character of the copolymers along the main chain in the whole monomer conversion interval. Apart from this, the sequence distribution and stereoregularity were analyzed. These microstructural experimental data agreed well with those calculated from Mayo-Lewis terminal model (MLTM) and a Bernoullian statistic with an isotacticity parameter of σG = 0.28 and a coisotacticity parameter of σ = 0.30. 相似文献
8.
The present study presents the synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins using only one glycol i.e., ethylene glycol. Polyesters of inorganic solubility in styrene were prepared. Properties of the resins in the noncrosslinked state in the process of crosslinking and after curing were studied. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3143–3150, 2006 相似文献
9.
Emily S. Patterson David D. Woods Richard I. Cook Marta L. Render 《Cognition, Technology & Work》2007,9(3):155-162
Resilience, the ability to adapt or absorb disturbance, disruption, and change, may be increased by team processes in a complex,
socio-technical system. In particular, collaborative cross-checking is a strategy where at least two individuals or groups
with different perspectives examine the others’ assumptions and/or actions to assess validity or accuracy. With this strategy,
erroneous assessments or actions can be detected quickly enough to mitigate or eliminate negative consequences. In this paper,
we seek to add to the understanding of the elements that are needed in effective cross-checking and the limitations of the
strategy. We define collaborative cross-checking, describe in detail three healthcare incidents where collaborative cross-checks
played a key role, and discuss the implications of emerging patterns. 相似文献
10.