计及直流微电网扰动抑制的残差动态分散补偿控制策略

针对直流微电网电能质量问题与环流问题,提出一种计及直流微电网扰动抑制的残差动态分散补偿控制策略.此策略在直流下垂控制的基础上,首先分析直流微电网扰动问题及并联状态下的环流问题;其次建立Buck型与Boost型多DC-DC变换器并联的状态空间模型,推导基于残差的变换器动态分散补偿结构,该结构直接在电压环输出端进行补偿,通过扰动抵消计算补偿控制器Q*(s).采用小信号稳定性分析方法证明本文补偿结构的稳定性;最后基于RTDS搭建数字物理实验平台,以相同与不同类型变换器并联为例进行实验验证.该结构能够加快分布式电源及公共负荷投切时直流母线电压动态响应速度,有效地抑制了环流影响和交流侧不平衡情况引起的直流母线电压二倍工频扰动,维持了电压的一致性,保证了母线电压的稳定,有助于实现分布式电源的"即插即用"技术.     

Functionalizable composite nanoparticles as a dual magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography contrast agent for medical imaging

A dual contrast agent for computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was synthesized via microemulsion polymerization. This contrast agent consists of Fe₃O₄ particles (d = 7 nm) with an iodine-carrying nanopolymeric shell, with overall particle sizes ranging from 50 to 250 nm. 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl(2,3,5-triiodobenzoate) was used as the monomer. Sodium oleate was used as the surfactant and its amount was varied to control the overall particle size. The composite nanoparticles were mainly characterized via dynamic light scattering, with further analyses using transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The particles provided a highly visible contrast in CT and MR images. A template for biomedical applications was created by adding a comonomer and the particles were further functionalized with the somatostatin analogue Tyr³-octreotate. The particles were tested for specific uptake into somatostatin receptor-positive AR42J cells. The additional uptake of the functionalized particles was investigated. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47571.     

自制TACE健康教育视频应用于肝癌患者的效果评价

【摘要】 目的 探讨健康教育视频对行TACE肝癌患者的健康教育效果。方法 基于患者问题需求设计制作的TACE健康教育视频,置入平板电脑如IPAD中让患者观看。选择2014年6月至2016年6月住院行TACE的患者451例,按随机数字表法分为观察组226例和对照组225例,观察组使用护士制作的TACE健康课程视频结合常规课程进行教育,对照组使用常规口头及书面教育,比较两组患者对TACE术相关知识的认知度、术后对治疗护理的依从性、患者的满意度。结果 观察组患者对TACE入院教育、围手术期教育、出院教育三方面的认知度均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组患者术后对治疗护理的依从性显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）;观察组患者的满意度显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。结论 健康教育视频提高了肝癌患者对TACE的认知度及术后自我护理的依从性,使用视频形式进行健康教育,显著提高了健康教育效果,同时提高了患者满意度。值得临床推广。
     

Nanostructured ceramics for biomedical implants

Recent progress in the synthesis, characterization, and biological compatibility of nanostructured ceramics for biomedical implants is reviewed. A major goal is to develop ceramic coating technology that can reduce the friction and wear in mating total joint replacement components, thus contributing to their significantly improved function and longer life span. Particular attention is focused on the enhancement of mechanical properties such as hardness, toughness, and friction coefficient and on the bioactivity as they pertain to the nanostructure of the material. The development of three nanostructured implant coatings is discussed: diamond, hydroxyapatite, and functionally graded metalloceramics based on the Cr-Ti-N ternary system. Nanostructured diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques and composed of nano-size diamond grains have particular promise because of the combination of ultrahigh hardness, improved toughness over conventional microcrystalline diamond, low friction, and good adhesion to titanium alloys. Nanostructured processing applied to hydroxyapatite coatings is used to achieve the desired mechanical characteristics and enhanced surface reactivity and has been found to increase osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization. Finally, nanostructured metalloceramic coatings provide continuous variation from a nanocrystalline metallic bond at the interface to the hard ceramic bond on the surface and have the ability to overcome adhesion problems associated with ceramic hard coatings on metallic substrates.     

Comparative Assessment of Complex Stabilities of Radiocopper Chelating Agents by a Combination of Complex Challenge and in vivo Experiments

For ⁶⁴Cu radiolabeling of biomolecules to be used as in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents, various chelators are commonly applied. It has not yet been determined which of the most potent chelators—NODA‐GA ((1,4,7‐triazacyclononane‐4,7‐diyl)diacetic acid‐1‐glutaric acid), CB‐TE2A (2,2′‐(1,4,8,11‐tetraazabicyclo[6.6.2]hexadecane‐4,11‐diyl)diacetic acid), or CB‐TE1A‐GA (1,4,8,11‐tetraazabicyclo[6.6.2]hexadecane‐4,11‐diyl‐8‐acetic acid‐1‐glutaric acid)—forms the most stable complexes resulting in PET images of highest quality. We determined the ⁶⁴Cu complex stabilities for these three chelators by a combination of complex challenge and an in vivo approach. For this purpose, bioconjugates of the chelating agents with the gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)‐affine peptide PESIN and an integrin α_vβ₃‐affine c(RGDfC) tetramer were synthesized and radiolabeled with ⁶⁴Cu in excellent yields and specific activities. The ⁶⁴Cu‐labeled biomolecules were evaluated for their complex stabilities in vitro by conducting a challenge experiment with the respective other chelators as challengers. The in vivo stabilities of the complexes were also determined, showing the highest stability for the ⁶⁴Cu–CB‐TE1A‐GA complex in both experimental setups. Therefore, CB‐TE1A‐GA is the most appropriate chelating agent for *Cu‐labeled radiotracers and in vivo imaging applications.     

Social encounters and their effect on subsequent reinforcement.

This experiment demonstrates that a variety of social encounters can affect the reinforcement value of a subsequent social reward, and therefore subsequent learning, when praise is used as the reinforcer for a correct response. By manipulating the social experience preceding the learning task, social isolation, negative or positive social encounters are shown to differentially influence S's behavior. Anxiety is postulated as the cause for the increase in the reinforcement value of the praise and for the subsequent superior performance of the social-isolation and negative-encounter groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

北半球及典型区雪深时空分布与变化特征

基于欧空局的GlobSnow雪水当量数据集和国家青藏高原科学数据中心的北半球长时间序列雪深数据集NHSD研究了北半球及9个典型区的雪深时空分布与变化特征。结果表明：北半球1988~2018年平均雪深总体呈显著下降趋势（p<0.01）,年际变化幅度为-0.55 cm·（10 a）^-1。在高纬度地区,加拿大北部和阿拉斯加年平均雪深下降明显（p<0.01）,下降速率分别为3.48 cm·（10 a）^-1和3 cm·（10 a）^-1,两地区月平均雪深在冬季显著下降。西西伯利亚平原和东欧平原年平均雪深呈下降趋势,其中东欧平原雪深下降较为明显（p<0.01）,变化速率为-2.3 cm·（10 a）^-1,两地区的月平均雪深在春季显著下降,其中5月份最为明显。东西伯利亚山地的雪深年际变化呈增加趋势,除堪察加半岛外,其月平均雪深在冬季呈显著增加趋势。对于高山区,阿尔卑斯山脉和落基山脉的年平均雪深呈缓慢增长趋势,而青藏高原地区雪深呈缓慢下降趋势。阿尔卑斯山脉的月平均雪深在冬季呈显著增加趋势,5月份显著减小。落基山脉和青藏高原雪深变化呈现出空间异质性：在整个研究时段,落基山脉北部月平均雪深呈下降趋势,中部和南部呈上升趋势;青藏高原的北部边缘山脉雪深呈显著上升趋势,中部大多数地区呈下降趋势。喜马拉雅山脉的北坡雪深增加,南坡雪深减小,但其变化率绝对值小于0.5 cm·a^-1。东南部雪深较大的念青唐古拉山脉冬季雪深呈显著下降趋势。对9个典型区雪深的年内分析（2001~2010年平均值）结果显示：高山区雪深峰值远低于高纬度地区雪深峰值。除青藏高原外,高山区的积雪融化起始日期明显早于高纬度地区。     

Origin and Processing Methods Slightly Affect Allergenic Characteristics of Cashew Nuts (Anacardium occidentale)

The protein content and allergen composition was studied of cashews from 8 different origins (Benin, Brazil, Ghana, India, Ivory Coast, Mozambique, Tanzania, Vietnam), subjected to different in‐shell heat treatments (steamed, fried, drum‐roasted). On 2D electrophoresis, 9 isoforms of Ana o 1, 29 isoforms of Ana o 2 (11 of the acidic subunit, 18 of the basic subunit), and 8 isoforms of the large subunit of Ana o 3 were tentatively identified. Based on 1D and 2D electrophoresis, no difference in allergen content (Ana o 1, 2, 3) was detected between the cashews of different origins (P > 0.5), some small but significant differences were detected in allergen solubility between differently heated cashews. No major differences in N‐ and C‐terminal microheterogeneity of Ana o 3 were detected between cashews of different origins. Between the different heat treatments, no difference was detected in glycation, pepsin digestibility, or IgE binding of the cashew proteins.