Observations on the oral organelle,cytopharynx, and subpellicular structure of a Dileptus sp.

We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe the oral organelle, cytopharynx, and subpellicular structure of a Dileptus sp. The main results were as follows: (a) the cytostome was located on the ventral surface of the base of the beak, surrounded by a periportal matrix that integrated 135 microtube bundles. When these microtube bundles contract, radially arranged into a disk, the cytostome was closed. When these microtube bundles were stretch, they fell into the cytostome and opens. The diameter of the cytostome was about 16 μm regardless of its closure or opening, indicating that the contraction or elongation of these microtube bundles did not change the size of the cytostome, which was only related to whether it blocked the cytostome, thus determining the opening and closing of the cytostome. There were many microtube bundles on two sides of the feeding trough, which could widen or narrow the feeding trough and facilitate beak feeding. (b) The cytopharynx was basket‐like without a bottom with a diameter of about 6 μm and was woven from two kind fibers about 0.08 and 0.19 μm. (c) There were two types of extrusomes under the pellicle. Using transmission electron microscopy，the Type I extrusomes showed narrow and long egg shape, its cross section was circular which is composed by various electronic density of concentric. Using the scanning electron microscope, they were two slightly thin clavate, the length was about 5 μm, the diameter of the middle section was about 0.75 μm, and the diameter of the two ends was about 0.32 μm, they were distributed abundantly between the microtubule fasciculi which were located on both sides of the gap on the feeding groove. Using transmission electron microscopy, the Type II extrusomes showed egg shape. Using the scanning electron microscopy, they were about 1.6 × 0.8 μm in size, they were distributed abundantly under the body pellicle while rarely the proboscis. In addition, many different of developmental stages two types of extrusomes could be also seen in the cytoplasm. (d) There were very well‐developed fibrous systems under the pellicle that were woven from fibers about 0.14 μm in diameter that attached to the pellicle and bound some organelles in the cytoplasm (e.g., mitochondria, extrusomes) and other structures to the cytoplasm and maintained cell morphology. The results of this study not only supplement and enrich the morphological contents of the Dileptus sp., but also provide the basis for the study of the taxonomy of the Dileptus sp. It also provides a new method for researchers to explore the morphology and structure of ciliate cells under the cortex by SEM.     

基于USB接口的弹载数据测试存储装置的研究

本文介绍了一种基于USB接口的弹载数据测试存储装置的设计方案.借助于自带电池的大容量RAM,高速并行AD器件,在AVR单片机的控制下完成数据的采集、存储,最终通过USB接口电路联接到PC并高速读出数据.本方案的优点是在系统电源耗尽的情况下仍可保存数据并通过USB接口供电从而读出数据.     

硅晶片双面超精密化学机械抛光

为提高硅晶片双面超精密抛光的抛光速率,在分析双抛工艺过程基础上,采用自制大粒径二氧化硅胶体磨料配制了SIMIT8030-Ⅰ型新型纳米抛光液,在双垫双抛机台上进行抛光实验.抛光液、抛光前后厚度、平坦性能及粗糙度通过SEM、ADE-9520型晶片表面测试仪、AFM进行了表征.结果表明:与进口抛光液Nalco2350相比,SIMIT8030-Ⅰ型抛光液不仅提高抛光速率40%(14μm/h vs 10μm/h);而且表面平坦性TTV和TIR得到改善;表面粗糙度由0.4728nm降至0.2874nm,即提高抛光速率同时显著改善了抛光表面平坦性和粗糙度.     

Research on the Distant Hybrids of Wheat Obtained via Low-Energy Ion-Beam Implantation

Abstract The whole DNA of soybean was implanted into four varieties of wheat of Zhongyu5, Huaiyin 9628, Wenyou 1, Jimai 5 respectively via ion-beam mediation. There were 5 plantsobtained whose protein content was higher than 18.5%, the highest one was 21.44%. There were 3plants obtained whose protein content was lower than 11.5%, the lowest one was 10.96%. We cansee that the whole DNA of soybean transformed into wheat via ion beam implantation can inducethe increase in wheat protein content dramatically. The result also shows that the transformationefficiency of different gene types of wheat receptor varies greatly that the implanting time has acertain effect on the efficiency of transformation.     

脉压和脉压指数与糖尿病心肌病患者心脏结构和功能的相关性研究

探讨脉压及脉压指数与糖尿病心肌病(Diabetic cardiomyopathy,DCM)患者心脏结构及功能的相关性.选取规律服药且排除其他心血管疾病的2型糖尿病心肌病患者66例为研究对象,根据脉压将患者分为糖尿病心肌病正常脉压组(19例)和糖尿病心肌病高脉压组(45例),同时选取40例年龄等相匹配且24 h脉压正常的健康志愿者作为对照组.比较各组患者的血糖、血压和脉压水平,并对各组患者心脏结构和功能的心超参数进行分析.DCM组和对照组基线资料比较:DCM组pro-BNP、baP-WV、24 h收缩压、24 h脉压和糖化血红蛋白水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);DCM组和对照组心超参数比较:DCM组患者左心房内径、室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度和E/e′高于对照组(P<0.05),e′低于对照组(P<0.05);DCM正常脉压组和DCM高脉压组与对照组患者的脉压和心超参数比较:与对照组和DCM正常脉压组比较,DCM高脉压组患者24 h收缩压及24 h脉压显著增加(P<0.05),24 h舒张压显著降低(P<0.05),而空腹血糖较对照组显著升高(P<0.001).DCM正常脉压组空腹血糖、24 H收缩压及24 h舒张压高于对照组(P均<0.05),差异有统计学意义;DCM组患者的脉压及脉压指数与其心超参数相关性分析:DCM组患者脉压及脉压指数与室间隔厚度(r=0.40、0.38,P<0.01)、左心室后壁厚度(r=0.29、0.24,P<0.01)、E/e′(r=0.22、0.15,P<0.05)呈正相关,与e′(r=-0.44、-0.48,P<0.01)呈负相关.DCM患者相关因素的Logistic回归分析:对DCM患者有影响的变量进行单因素分析显示,脉压及脉压指数是DCM患者心脏重塑的独立危险因素.脉压和脉压指数与糖尿病心肌病患者心脏结构和舒张功能有相关性,是糖尿病心肌病患者心脏重构的独立危险因素.     

二维MXenes的制备及催化产氢性能研究进展

过渡金属碳化物、氮化物MXenes是一类新型的二维材料,通式为MnXn-1Tx(n=2～5).MXenes具备独特性能,在催化、储能、吸附等领域受到广泛关注.综述了MXenes的发展进程,不同的MXenes制备方法对MXenes结构、性能和表面官能团的影响以及MXenes复合材料在催化领域的应用研究现状,关于MXenes目前在催化领域内存在的挑战(MXenes结构优化、催化机理的研究、抗氧化性等)进行了讨论,并提出未来的发展方向.     

基于边缘信息车流量检测方法的研究

针对边缘检测中阈值很难确定导致不能准确提取背景边缘信息的问题,提出一种改进的基于边缘信息车流量检测方法。该方法预先对路况边缘图像作削顶处理获取一个恰当的阈值,从而可以准确地提取背景边缘信息;且在车辆计数过程中,结合固定窗法和浮动窗法二者的优点,设计一种新的浮动窗法进行车辆计数。实验结果表明,该方法在实时性、检测速度、正确率等方面得到很大的改进,能够在不同环境下进行正确有效地车流量检测。     

Synthesis of HTPB based PU-PS IPN membrane for pervaporation recovery of butanol

Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) based polyurethane(PU)-polystyrene(PS) interpenetrating polymer network(IPN) was prepared and characterized by FTIR, TGA, WCA, swelling experiments, and SEM. The IPN was used for pervaporation(PV) recovery of butanol. Both the permeation flux and separation factor increased with feed temperature, and both water and butanol fluxes increased with feed concentration while no obvious effect of concentration on separation factor was found. Through the formation of IPN structure, the total flux of HTPB based PU increased greatly with the decrease of separation factor. At the feed temperature of 60 °C, the IPN membrane obtained a total flux of 613.3 g/m~2 h with a separation factor of 6.15.     

机械弹性车轮随机振动理论与数值分析

针对现有轮胎模型不再适用于机械弹性车轮的振动分析的问题,依据其结构特点和铰链组单向传力特性,提出弹性绳索简化模型,推导弹性绳索刚度表达式、总等效刚度表达式以及系统频响函数,建立完整的振动分析数学模型.基于弹性绳索数学模型,进行C级随机不平路面输入激励下的随机振动分析,得到轮毂中心时域位移响应和频域功率谱密度响应.有限元仿真试验结果表明:机械弹性车轮共振频率为19~21 Hz,验证了弹性绳索模型的正确性.     

双曲面球型减隔震支座在临河黄河特大桥上的应用

超长联大跨连续梁桥体型庞大、头重脚轻,在地震工况下,下部结构的强度要求和变形较大.传统的结构抗震设计方法是增大桥墩和基础的截面尺寸以及配筋量,不仅会增加下部结构造价,还会给施工带来一定的困难.结合临河黄河特大桥的抗震设计,研究双曲面球型摩擦摆隔震支座在桥梁抗震设计中的应用,并采用有限元计算程序SAP2000对该桥进行了抗震效果模拟.结果表明,采用双曲面球型减隔震支座与常规方案相比,可显著降低墩底内力,有效地解决了下部结构截面设计难以满足受力的技术难题,经济技术优势显著.