On the necessary condition for discrete-time polc-assignability by piecewise constant output feedback

It was shown by A. B. Chammas and C. T. Leondes (1979) that a controllable and observable plant was discrete-time pole-assignable by periodically time-varying piecewise constant output feedback. Their controller consisted solely of gain elements and did not include a dynamical system, such as an observer. Thus their result indicated the possibility of new types of multivariable pole-assigning controllers. But it can be shown that one of their theorems does not hold true in its original form: the condition on the frequency of changes of gains, which they claimed to be necessary and sufficient for pole-assignability, is not necessary in reality. In this paper, counter examples and some remarks on their proof are given.     

SiCp及Al2O3w增强铸态混杂金属基复合材料的疲劳裂纹扩展机理（英文）

研究了一种SiCp及Al2O3w增强铸态混杂金属基复合材料(MMC)的疲劳裂纹扩展(FCG)机理,同时对比研究了Al2O3w增强铸态金属基复合材料和铸态铝合金的疲劳裂纹扩展机理。在研究近临界和裂纹稳定扩展区域的疲劳裂纹扩展(FCG)机理时,发现混杂MMC的临界应力强度因子?Kth值高于其他两种材料的?Kth值,说明应力强度因子?K值较低时混杂MMC可以更好地抵抗裂纹扩展。随着?K值的降低,两种MMC在近临界区域显示出相似的FCG机理,即主要由增强相–基体界面的剥离控制,随后由铝基体中空隙的形核与合并控制;在裂纹稳定或中等扩展区域,?K值较高时FCG除了受界面上周期性裂纹扩展引起的增强相–基体界面剥离的影响之外,还显著受到铝基体中疲劳条带的影响。此外,在高?K值下,因为局部失稳断裂机制,可见铝基体中空隙的形核与合并以及SiCp和Al2O3w中的穿晶断裂。对于铸态铝合金,在低?K值下,FCG主要受空隙的形核与合并所控制;在高?K值下,FCG主要受铝晶粒的疲劳条带控制,随后受Si团簇中空隙的形核与合并控制。     

具有对称均等负重合量的气动伺服阀零位流动状态分析

分析了具有对称均等负重合量的气动伺服阀在不同供气压力时上游供气节流口和下游排气节流口的流动状态。排气压力为一个标准大气压,供气压力小于0．2374MPa时,零位时的上游两个供气节流口和下游两个排气节流口均为亚音速流动;供气压力等于O．2374MPa时,零位时的上游两个供气节流口为亚音速流动,下游两个排气节流口处于临界流动,即亚音速流动和超音速流动的分界点;供气压力大于0．2374MPa时,零位时的上游两个供气节流口为亚音速流动,下游两个排气节流口为超音速流动,且在零位处的负载压力为供气压力的80．75％。     

Molecular properties of the two-component cell lysis system encoded by prophage phigaY of Lactobacillus gasseri JCM 1131T: cloning, sequencing, and expression in Escherichia coli

Shotgun cloning of the Lactobacillus gasseri JCM 1131T whole DNA yielded two recombinant plasmids, p118gaY1 and p118gaY2, which directed cell lysis activity. Sequencing analysis revealed that the two plasmids carried almost identical inserted genes in following orders (truncated genes, in parentheses): in p118gaY1, (orf149)-orf92-holgaY-lysgaY-orf35-attL-(mnaAgaY1); in p118gaY2, (orfXgaY1)-orf169-orf149-orf92-holgaY-lysgaY-orf35-attP-(intgaY). The lysgaY-encoded protein (designated as LysgaY, 33.7 kDa) showed significant homology with putative muramidases (peptidoglycan-degrading enzyme) of the Lactobacillus phage phiadh, Lj965, Lj928, LL-H, mv4, and mv1. By zymogram analysis, LysgaY overproduced in Escherichia coli exhibited lytic activity towards 17 Gram-positive bacterial strains, including lactobacilli, lactococci, and staphylococci. The holgaY-encoded protein (15.7 kDa) contained three potential transmembrane helices, resembling putative holins (cytoplasmic membrane-disrupting protein) of Lj928 and Lj965. On the other hand, another clone p118gaYR obtained by EcoRI-shotgun cloning carried the (ptsCgaY1)-attR-(intgaY) genes. Three sequences, attL, attP, and attR, had a 47-bp common (core) sequence, and the core of attR was located in 3' region of a potential tRNA(Arg) gene. These results suggested that (i) attL and attR are phage-host junctions, left- and right-arms, respectively, (ii) attP is a phage attachment site, and (iii) intgaY is an integrase gene for phage integration and/or excision. After mitomycin C-induction, phage particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy. The prophage (phigaY) is somewhat leaky in the host, and has the two-component lysis system (HolgaY-LysgaY), closely resembling that of Lj928 as well as Lj965.     

界面涂层与基体对先进CVI-SiC/SiC复合材料性能的影响

对含有几种典型界面结构和SiC纳米线的CVI-SiC/SiC复合材料的弯曲性能和断裂韧性进行了比较研究. 研究表明: 界面涂层对SiC/SiC的力学性能至关重要, 120nm厚的碳界面涂层使材料的强度与韧性都增加一倍; 在用140nm厚的SiC层将该碳层分为更薄的两层, 形成C/SiC/C多层界面涂层时, 材料的强度没有明显的变化, 而断裂韧性则略有提高. 对基体中弥散分布有SiC纳米线的SiC/SiC的力学性能研究表明, SiC纳米线具有非常高的强化效率, 使SiC/SiC复合材料具有更高的强度和韧性.     

Search method for the weighting matrix of the weighted multivariable circle criterion

The weighted multivariable circle criterion contains an arbitrary diagonal matrix that is called the ‘weighting matrix’. In this paper, a method of searching for an adequate weighting matrix is proposed. The choice of the weighting matrix determines the sharpness of the stability criterion obtained. The method is based on the relation between an M-matrix and a positive-definite hermitian matrix. The results of examples show that this method is very useful in obtaining sharper stability conditions.     

DYNAMIC MECHANICAL BEHMIOR AND STRUCTURE STABILITY OF PMMA/α-MSAN BLENDS

研究了均相，相分离聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）（ＰＭＭＡ）／聚（α甲基苯乙烯丙烯腈）（α－ＭＳＡＮ）共混物的动态力学行为，结果表明，在１３０℃退火４８ｈ可使ＰＭＭＡ，α－ＭＳＡＮ及其均相共混物达到稳态结构；在２００℃退火１ｈ可使ＰＭＭＡ／α－ＭＳＡＮ共混物接近完全分离，引入注意的是，仅相分离的ＰＭＭＡ／α－ＭＳＡＮ（４０／６０）呈现两个动态损耗模量（Ｅ″）峰，且两峰的分离程度强烈地依赖于在２００℃退火的时     

Change in Magnetic Domain Structure of Nd‐Fe‐B Sintered Magnets by Compressive Stress

To clarify the relationship between compressive stresses and demagnetization of Nd‐Fe‐B sintered magnets, we have examined the change in domain configuration by compressive stresses using a Kerr microscope. The magnetic domains of five kinds of Nd‐Fe‐B sintered magnets have been observed. The magnets have a coercivity of 0.8 MA/m to 1.4 MA/m and residual magnetic flux density of 1.3 T to 1.5 T. Irreversible demagnetization of Nd‐Fe‐B magnets with a low coercivity of 0.875 MA/m and high residual magnetic flux density of 1.41 T to 1.47 T have occurred from applying a compressive stress of 100 MPa. The compression‐affected area is approximately 0.14%. The stress more than 50 MPa is needed to demagnetize Nd‐Fe‐B magnets. The amount of irreversible demagnetization depends upon the intensity of the compressive stress as well as the residual magnetic flux and coercive force of the magnets.     

Controllability indices of sampled-data systems

The controllability of the sampled-data system derived from a controllable continuous-time system is considered. In particular, some relations between the controllability indices of the original continuous-time system and those of the sampled-data system are studied. Examples are given to illustrate the results, and similar results for observability are also indicated.     

Fatigue crack growth mechanism in cast hybrid metal matrix composite reinforced with SiC particles and Al2O3 whiskers

The fatigue crack growth (FCG) mechanism of a cast hybrid metal matrix composite (MMC) reinforced with SiC particles and Al₂O₃ whiskers was investigated. For comparison, the FCG mechanisms of a cast MMC with Al₂O₃ whiskers and a cast Al alloy were also investigated. The results show that the FCG mechanism is observed in the near-threshold and stable-crack-growth regions. The hybrid MMC shows a higher threshold stress intensity factor range, ΔK_th, than the MMC with Al₂O₃ and Al alloy, indicating better resistance to crack growth in a lower stress intensity factor range, ΔK. In the near-threshold region with decreasing ΔK, the two composite materials exhibit similar FCG mechanism that is dominated by debonding of the reinforcement–matrix interface, and followed by void nucleation and coalescence in the Al matrix. At higher ΔK in the stable- or mid-crack-growth region, in addition to the debonding of the particle–matrix and whisker–matrix interface caused by cycle-by-cycle crack growth at the interface, the FCG is affected predominantly by striation formation in the Al matrix. Moreover, void nucleation and coalescence in the Al matrix and transgranular fracture of SiC particles and Al₂O₃ whiskers at high ΔK are also observed as the local unstable fracture mechanisms. However, the FCG of the monolithic Al alloy is dominated by void nucleation and coalescence at lower ΔK, whereas the FCG at higher ΔK is controlled mainly by striation formation in the Al grains, and followed by void nucleation and coalescence in the Si clusters.