杭州湾南岸滩涂沉积物中HCHs与DDTs污染特征分析

摘 要：目的 了解六六六（hexachlorocyclohexanes,HCHs）与滴滴涕(dichloro diphenyl trichloroethanes,DDTs)在杭州湾南岸滩涂沉积物中的污染现状。方法 于2018年4月，采集杭州湾南岸地区4个采样点不同深度（0~80 cm）滩涂沉积物，利用气相色谱-串联质谱法（gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, GC-MS/MS）测定了该区域中HCHs与DDTs的含量，对其分布规律进行分析，使用共识沉积物质量基准法对其生态学风险进行了评估。结果 所有样品中均检出，HCHs与DDTs含量分别为4.20~6.24 μg/kg与3.37~4.73 μg/kg，主要以β-HCH、δ-HCH以及DDE为主，其污染主要来源于历史性工业品，整体污染处于较低水平；20.3%的沉积物样品中DDEs含量以及28.1%的样品DDTs总量介于阈值效应浓度(threshold concentration, TECs) 和可能效应浓度(probable effect concentration, PECs)之间。结论 杭州湾南岸沉积物中HCHs与DDTs的污染处于较低水平，具有较小的生态学风险。     

一种支持QoS的拓扑自适应动态组播路由算法

YAM、QoSMIC、DSDMR等一类支持QoS的动态组播路由算法允许组播成员动态地加入和离开，同时为接收方提供多个可选择的组播接入路径，以满足不同应用的QoS需求。但这些算法普遍存在控制信令开销大和结点加入时延长，可扩展性不好等问题。本文在分析这些算法的基础上，提出改进的支持QoS的动态组播路由算法，即拓扑自适应动态组播路由（Topology Adaptive Dynamic Multicast Routing，TADMR）算法。该算法避免了以往算法中大部分盲目的路径搜索，并使结点加入时延不再受限于固定的等待时钟，而与网络拓扑相自适应。性能分析和仿真结果表明，该算法具有较低的控制信令开销和结点加入时延，适用于各种网络规模和群组规模，具有良好的可扩展性。     

Lake-Level Change and Water Balance Analysis at Lake Qinghai,West China during Recent Decades

Lake Qinghai, the largest saline lake with an area of 4,260 km² (2000) and average depth of 21 m (1985) in West China, has experienced severe decline in water level in recent decades. This study aimed to investigate water balance of the lake and identify the causes for the decline in lake level. There was a 3.35-m decline in water level with an average decreasing rate of 8.0 cm year⁻¹ between 1959 and 2000. The lake water balance showed that mean annual precipitation between 1959 and 2000 over the lake was 357 ± 10 mm, evaporation was 924 ± 10 mm, surface runoff water inflow was 348 ± 21 mm, groundwater inflow was 138 mm ± 9 and the change in lake level was −80 ± 31 mm. The variation of lake level was highly positively correlated to surface runoff and precipitation and negatively to evaporation, the correlation coefficients were 0.89, 0.81 and −0.66, respectively. Water consumption by human activities accounts for 1% of the evaporation loss of the lake, implying that water consumption by human activities has little effect on lake level decline. Most dramatic decline in lake level occurred in the warm and dry years, and moderate decline in the cold and dry years, and relatively slight decline in the warm and wet years, therefore, the trend of cold/warm and dry climate in recent decades may be the main reasons for the decline in lake level.     

Exploring the Interactions of Storylines from Informative News Events

Today＇s news readers can be easily overwhelmed by the numerous news articles online. To cope with information overload, online news media publishes timelines for continuously developing news topics. However, the timeline summary does not show the relationship of storylines, and is not intuitive for readers to comprehend the development of a complex news topic. In this paper, we study a novel problem of exploring the interactions of storylines in a news topic. An interaction of two storylines is signified by informative news events that play a key role in both storylines. Storyline interactions can indicate key phases of a news topic, and reveal the latent connections among various aspects of the story. We address the coherence between news articles which is not considered in traditional similarity-based methods, and discover salient storyline interactions to form a clear, global picture of the news topic. User preference can be naturally integrated into our method to generate query-specific results. Comprehensive experiments on ten news topics show the effectiveness of our method over alternative approaches.     

20CrMnTi钢粮机压辊碳氮共渗的应用研究

对粮机压辊在材料与热处理工艺方面进行了改进，并采用金相显微镜、硬度计、电子天平等设备对共渗层进行了组织、硬度、耐腐蚀性分析。与38CrMoAl钢氮化处理相比，20CrMnTi钢碳氮共渗处理得到了硬度与层深的适当配合．取得了模具成本降低50％、经济效益提高70％的良好效果。     

基于Merkle树的移动平台文件完整性校验

移动平台的下载业务是除消息类业务外另一类重要的移动增值数据服务,对下载过程的有效管理和控制是该业务稳定运营的前提。下载数据的完整性是下载业务的核心内容。描述了移动平台下载业务内容完整性校验方案。提出了Merkle树在移动平台内容完整性校验上的实现策略,该策略通过缩短校验值在网络传输中的大小,来有效减少完整性校验的代价。理论分析与工程项目证明,该机制具有较高的安全连通性和较低的网络延迟。     

基于子块特征的快速分形图像压缩算法

针对分形图像压缩编码时间过长的缺点,提出一种改进算法,利用子块的相似特征,将基本分形图像压缩的全搜索过程,转化为相对差意义下的最近邻搜索,在搜索过程中只搜索与值域块相对差相近的码本块,减少了搜索范围。实验结果表明,该方法与基本分形图像压缩相比,在保证解码图像质量的同时,有效地加快了编码速度。     

基于回归模型与注意力的轻量化SAR舰船检测模型

合成孔径雷达（SAR）具有不受云层干扰、可全天时、全天候对地观测的特点,基于SAR图像的舰船检测已广泛用于海洋搜救、港口侦察、领海防御等民用或军用领域。然而,与大型舰船相比,像素点少、对比度低的小型舰船存在漏检率高的问题,并且速度和精度之间的平衡成为舰船检测算法天基应用的难点。针对以上问题,本文提出了一种基于YOLOv5s模型改进的舰船检测轻量化模型（ImShips）。首先,针对船体大小差异导致的漏检问题,采取在网络底部使用感受野较小的标准卷积,提升了模型对小规模舰船空间信息的获取能力。同时,在网络顶部设计了放大感受野的扩张卷积,保留了更多的语义特征,有利于大目标的特征提取。接着,提出将轻量级的通道注意力机制应用于YOLOv5的骨干网络和特征融合网络,通过对提取到的特征按重要性分配权重,实现纹理信息的筛选。最后,在下采样时采取深度可分离卷积代替标准卷积,减少了模型参数的数量,进一步提高了模型的推理速度。实验结果表明,在SAR舰船检测SSDD和ISSID数据集中,改进后的ImShips模型在保证精度的同时,所需的浮点计算数比YOLOv5s模型减少了45.61%,检测速度提高了8.31%。ImShips模型网络规模小、检测速度快,在实时天基舰船检测中具有较大的应用潜力。     

基于模糊极大似然估计聚类的点云数据分块

对散乱点云数据采用微切平面法进行法矢估计,对法矢方向进行全局协调性调整。采用稳定性较好的二次曲面拟合法估算点云数据的高斯曲率和平均曲率。将点的坐标、法矢和曲率合并为八维特征向量,通过模糊极大似然估计聚类技术,将具有类似几何特征的向量聚为一类,从而实现点云数据的分块。实验证明该方法有效。     

A New Approach for Multi-Document Update Summarization

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