河南省水资源动态配置研究

以45 a长系列水文资料为基础,研究了河南省水资源质、量、开发利用情况及供、用、耗、排的关系。结合区域水资源开发利用的特点和存在的主要问题,以最严格的水资源管理制度为指导,针对“社会-经济-水资源-生态环境”复杂大系统,建立了多水平年、多层次、多地区、多用水户、多水源的大型区域水资源配置动态模拟模型。利用该模型对河南省规划水平年水资源进行了优化配置,配置成果可为政府决策提供依据。     

新疆地区蒙皂石族矿物吸蓝量测定中转换系数K值的讨论

本文以膨润土矿物化性能测试暂行统一方法为基础,研究新疆地区几种蒙皂石矿样的吸蓝量对蒙脱石含量的换算系数。以具体矿样的吸蓝量和其XRD数据为参照,对蒙皂石族矿物的吸蓝量对蒙脱石含量的转换系数作了讨论。     

水源涵养相关概念辨析及水源涵养能力计算方法

为深刻理解水源涵养相关概念,在综述国内外相关研究的基础上,对水源涵养、水源涵养功能及水源涵养能力代表性概念进行了梳理和辨析,提出了内涵明确、外延清晰的定义.分析认为,水源涵养是生态系统截留降水、贮存水分、调节径流、净化水质、维持生态的过程和现象;水源涵养功能有狭义和广义之分,狭义的水源涵养功能是针对拦蓄降水、调节径流、...     

基于蒙脱石为载体的复合相变储热材料复合机理的探讨

文章介绍了储热材料性能的优越性，同时介绍了基于蒙脱石为载体的复合相变储热材料（PCM）的制备方法，制备之后，采用XRD、IR、TG、DSC等方法进行表征，通过表征探讨材料复合机理，描述了硬脂酸分子和有机蒙脱石的结合的方式。     

汽车尾气净化催化剂研究现状及发展前景

汽车排放的尾气是严重的大气污染源,尾气中含有大量的NOx、HC及CO,对人体十分有害,净化催化荆可以将这些有害物质的绝大部分转化为无害的N2、CO2和H2O.本文系统地介绍了汽车尾气净化催化剂的催化机理、结构组成、主要特点及其发展前景.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备高岭土基复合颜料

以软质高岭土为基材,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备高岭土-二氧化钛复合颜料.对比不同条件下制备的复合颜料的性能指标.研究出较合理的工艺流程和工艺条件.实现以低成本制备性能优良(高白度、低吸油量)的新型复合颜料,以代替价格昂贵的钛白粉.     

尾矿渣复合胶凝材料制备研究

以铁尾矿和铜矿渣为原料,成功制备了尾矿渣复合胶凝材料。通过分析球磨时间、胶砂比、料浆浓度、矿渣用量、碱激发剂、水泥熟料、养护条件与胶凝材料力学性能的关系,探讨矿渣胶凝体系制备过程影响因素,确定矿渣胶凝材料制备工艺条件。当矿渣胶凝体系配比为铜矿渣∶石灰∶石膏=80%∶4%∶16%、矿渣胶凝体系球磨时间25min,充填体中矿渣胶凝体系∶水泥熟料∶氢氧化钠∶铁尾矿=20%∶5%∶0.5%∶74.5%、料浆浓度为75%时为充填材料的最好配比,在此条件下,5%水泥填料,试块28d抗压强度为3.62MPa。试验中尾矿渣复合胶凝材料制备研究满足矿山充填胶凝材料的需求。     

Screening Approach for the Discovery of New Hybrid Perovskites with Efficient Photoemission

Owing to quantum confinement, low‐dimensional hybrid perovskite materials have recently shown a great potential for applications in optoelectronics. Such compounds can exhibit broad‐ or narrow‐band light emission, low‐temperature solution processability, high thermal stability, and relatively high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY). However, the search for efficient phosphors with a specific set of characteristics remains difficult because the family of hybrid perovskites consists in an extremely large chemical system (i.e., different halides, metals, and organic molecules), and optical properties are not predictable prior to material synthesis and characterization. Here, is proposed a simple approach to screen a significant amount of new hybrid lead halide perovskites. The synthetic method by fast crystallization at low temperature enables the rapid identification of the materials exhibiting the targeted photoluminescence properties. This approach is tested for the discovery of hybrid lead halide perovskites with efficient white‐light emission. Among 100 newly synthesized compounds, 5 exhibit intense white emission, and the in‐depth characterization of a selected candidate shows high color rendering index (CRI) = 78 and a PLQY of 9%, which is equivalent to the record reported for hybrid perovskites. This compound exhibits a new structure type for warm white‐light emitting hybrid perovskites with chains of corner‐sharing PbX₆.     

Enhancement of short current density in polymer solar cells with phthalocyanine tin (IV) dichloride as interfacial layer

The effect of n-type phthalocyanine tin (IV) dichloride (SnCl₂Pc) as cathode interfacial layer on the performance of poly[2-methoxy,5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) bulk heterojunction solar cells (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MEH-PPV:PCBM/SnCl₂Pc/LiF/Al) is investigated. Our results show that the integration of SnCl₂Pc into the solar cell not only enhances the exciton dissociation efficiency due to the formation of additional MEH-PPV/SnCl₂Pc exciton dissociation junction, but also improves the electron transport and collection due to the step-like electron injection barrier to cathode caused by SnCl₂Pc interlayer. The incorporation of 6 nm thick SnCl₂Pc interlayer leads to 15.7% improvement of the short circuit current density (J_SC), which in turn results in 15.2% improvement of power conversion efficiency (η) up to 2.49%. The results suggest that the employment of an n-type organic semiconductor like SnCl₂Pc as an interlayer is a promising strategy to improve the device performance of polymer solar cells.     

Preparation of titanium dioxide compound pigments based on kaolin substrates

Titanium dioxide compound pigments were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate on the surface of kaolin substrates. The coating processes were investigated by various factors in single-factor tests, and the products were tested by oil absorption value and whiteness. The results show that the optimum compound pigments reach a whiteness of 94.0% and an oil absorption value of 35.5 mL/100 g. The products were further characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and zeta potential analyzer. The XRD analysis indicates that the microstructure of the coating on a kaolin substrate is mainly anatase. Transmission electron microscopy images clearly reveal that the layer of TiO₂ consists of randomly oriented small particles with no agglomeration outside the kaolin surface.