Effects of hydrolysis of precursor on the structures and properties of polymer-derived SiBN ceramic fibers

In this paper, polyborosilazane precursor was synthesied from HMDZ, HSiCl₃, BCl₃ and CH₃NH₂ using a multistep method. By controlling the storage conditions, parts of the polyborosilazane fibers were hydrolyzed. FT-IR, NMR, XRD, TEM and monofilament tensile strength test were employed to study the effects of hydrolysis of precursor on the structures and properties of polymer-derived SiBN ceramic fibers. FT-IR and NMR results indicate that Si-N group in PBSZ reacts with H₂O to form Si-O-Si group. After pyrolysis reaction at 1400℃, Si-O-Si group will finally transformed into highly ordered cristobalite and β-quartz, resulting in formation of the wrinkled surface of the obtained SiBN ceramic fiber. The strip-like defects on fiber surface, according to monofilament tensile strength test, had a significant effect on mechanical property of the obtained SiBN ceramic fiber and caused no increase in fiber tensile strength of hydrolytic polyborosilazane fiber before and after pyrolytic process.     

城市生活垃圾能源利用探讨

报道了城市有机废弃物转化为能源的几种途径。在管式反应器内甘蔗渣裂解气化制煤气以及在高压釜内湿式裂解气化制煤气液体产品，可得到中值煤气。也研究了甘蔗渣二步法糖化和糖发酵，当ＰＨ为３．６，酵母浓度为１．３３％，乙醇产率可达理论值的６４．８６％。     

结构振动控制中压电阻尼技术研究：（三）机敏约束层阻尼技术

给出了机敏约束阻尼概念，阐述了机敏约束层阻尼系统特征，分析了结构设计和系统建模方法。以典型梁系统为例，比较了被动约束阻尼技术和机敏约束层阻尼技术减振效果。结果表明；机敏约束层阻尼控制技术是一种更为有效的振动控制方法。最后，提出了今后重点研究问题。     

扇形束投影域重建—再投影迭代法

本文所提出的投影域重建——再投影迭代算法可以恢复不完整的扇形束投影数据,从而实现从有限的投影数据重建图象。这种算法把滤波——反投影图象重建过程和再投影的过程纳入一个公式,仅在投影域上估算未知的投影数据,因此避免了重建过程和反投影过程中的插值运算,改善了收敛性,提高了计算精度,缩短了运算时间。模拟实验表明:即使有70％的投影数据丢失,经过两次迭代就能以令人满意的精度恢复丢失的投影数据。     

Structural Description of Polyaromatic Nucleus in Residue

The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （1H-NMR）, the synchronous fluorescence spectrometry （SFS） and the ruthenium ions catalyzed oxidation （RICO） method were used to determine the chemical structure of polyaromatic nucleus in Oman residue fractions. The results of 1H-NMR analyses showed that the average numbers of aromatic rings in the aromatics, resins and asphaltenes units were 3.2, 5.6 and 8.2, respectively. SFS was used to investigate the distribution of aromatic rings in residue fractions, the main distribution range of aromatic rings in aromatics, resins and asphaltenes were 3 4 rings, 3--5 rings and more than 5 rings, respectively. The aromatic network in residue fractions was oxidized to produce numerous carboxylic acids. The types and content of benzenepolycarboxylic acids, such as phthalic acid, benzenetricarboxylic acids, benzenetetracarboxylic acids, benzenepentacarboxylic acid and benzenehexacarboxylic acid disclosed the condensed types of aromatic nuclei in the core. The biphenyl fraction （BIPH）, the cata-condensed fraction （CATA）, the peri-condensed fraction （PERI） and the condensed index （BCI） were calculated based on the benzenepolycarboxylic acids formed. The results implied that there was less biphenyl type structures in all residue fractions. The aromatics fraction was almost composed of the cata-condensed type system, and the asphaltenes fraction was wholly composed of the peri-condensed type system, while in the resins fraction co-existed the two types, herein the peri-con- densed type was predominant over the cata-condensed type. Based on the analytical results obtained in the study, the components --aromatics, resins and asphaltenes -- were given the likely structural models.     

结构振动控制中压电阻尼技术研究—压电被动阻尼技术（一）

压电阻尼技术有两种类型：压电被动阻尼技术和压电主动阻尼技术。本文对其中的压电被动阻尼技术进行了研究，结果表明：通过给压电元件并联适当的外部电路，可使压电系统具有与粘弹阻尼材料及动力吸振器相似的物理特性。合理配置电路参数，可以实现最优阻尼比。     

计算机网络信息安全技术分析

本文论述了计算机网络面临的威胁和常见的黑客入侵技术，然后从信息加密技术、防火墙技术、入侵检测技术、系统容灾技术、网络安全管理策略等方面，分析了计算机网络信息安全的基本对策。     

汉诺威-爱知县……上海——从两届世博会国家馆设计看文化展示的不同理念及思考

选择两届世博会各8个国家馆进行简要分析，指出科技发达国家与科技落后国家在理解世博主题以及展示自身文化手段上的明显区别，认为宣传先进社会意识和科技成就才是世博主题的最佳诠释。     

图像置乱效果评价算法综述

图像置乱技术通过对图像矩阵的重排操作,破坏图像矩阵的相关性,从而实现信息加密。图像置乱效果评价方法是对图像置乱程度的客观评价,目前涌现的图像置乱方法都从各个方面验证其自身的优越性,但仍没有一种通用的评判方法。该文根据最优置乱效果的定义,讨论了一些现有的图像置乱效果评判方法,在深入研究这些方法的原理后,对各置乱性能评判方法的客观性进行了深入分析和讨论。