Evaluation of the effect of processing on cocoa polyphenols: antiradical activity,anthocyanins and procyanidins profiling from raw beans to chocolate

The content and composition of anthocyanins and procyanidins in fermented cocoa beans (from different geographic origins: Ecuador, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Ghana and Nigeria), roasted nibs, cocoa mass and chocolate were determined, beside the determination of the total antiradical capacity. Concerning geographic origin, cocoa beans and processed products from Ecuador showed the highest levels of anthocyanins, followed by Nigeria and Cameroon. Generally, as cocoa beans were further processed, the levels of anthocyanins and flavan‐3‐ols decreased. The largest observed losses of phenolics occurred during roasting. A progressive decreasing trend in polyphenol concentration was observed in the other processed samples as well. Despite the original content of polyphenols in raw cocoa beans, technological processes imply a significant impact on cocoa quality, confirming the need of specific optimisation to obtain high value chocolate.     

Do funded papers attract more usage?

Research funding has been seen as one of the most important resource in the reward system of science. And usage of publications denotes an interesting perspective of user behavior in scientific communication. This study aims to address the relationship between funding and Usage Count, which is a new metrics item established on the platform of Web of Science. Full records of 300,010 articles published in 2013 were downloaded in October 2015, and divided into six disciplines, including information science library science, education educational research, economics, computer science, materials science, and chemistry. Seven indicators were proposed to measure the impact, including Funding rate, Citation per paper, Usage rate, Usage per paper, Citation difference, Usage difference, and Conversion rate. It concluded funding has impact on usage and citation, and funded papers attract more usage, but varying in different disciplines. Usage Count can be used in the extension of citation metrics but with limits. This study originally engages with usage metrics and detected that there is positive correlation between usage and funding.     

RFID电子门票解决方案(三)

继第二、三期的专题连载(一)和(二)之后,这次介绍门票系统的扩展和系统的优势,并且给出了各种门票的对比表。     

闪光灯泵浦Nd3+:GGG激光特性研究

用闪光灯泵浦掺钕钆镓石榴石(Nd^3 ：GGG)激光晶体，研究了脉冲宽度0．5ms、1ms、1．5ms和2ms的放电泵浦下激光输出，实验获得了1．92J的最大激光能量．     

终端对业务和运营商的影响

详细分析了终端对话音业务和新业务的影响。在分析终端对话音业务的影响时从用户和终端两方面进行了阐述，指明为了进一步提高用户敷和砖络的使用率，运营商在进行话音营销对应逐渐将工作重点适当转向农村市场。也从对个人和行业用户的影响两方面阐明了终端对新业务的影响。     

海拉尔盆地的古河道砂体识别方法

本文基于海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷西北部高精度三维地震资料,通过对时间域、频率域地震属性的分析,研究了河道砂体的变化及分布规律,总结出了一套利用时间域、频率域地震属性识别古河道的方法。其中对河道砂体较为敏感的沿层属性主要有均方根振幅、反射强度梯度、有效带宽及瞬时频度等。利用这种识别方法在该区找到水下分流河道砂体和河口坝砂体,为该区的岩性勘探部署提供了具体目标。     

创建互联网业务价值链

为促进互联网的良性发展,要使设备制造商、电信运营商、虚拟运营商/集团用户、内容提供商和最终用户构成一条互联网业务价值链,价值链的创建对互联网接入设备提出了更高的要求,华为公司的Quid-wayTMA8010Expert多业务综合接入平台可构建宽带城域网分组语音解决方案、可平滑演进为下一代网络中的媒体网关、提供窄带价值链、提供唯一号码业务以及实现多业务综合接入。     

广钢转炉分厂2号方坯连铸机拉速问题的探讨

通过分析钢水在结晶器内凝固的不均匀性及对钢水结晶的热量平衡计算，讨论连铸中间包钢水温度、结晶器冷却水流量及进出水温差对拉坯速度的影响。     

合成氨中置锅炉的修复

本文在分析中置锅炉失效原因的基础上，提出了详细的修复措施，为类似情况的设备修复提供了借鉴。     

天然气在应用领域的市场竞争力简析

文章以上海当前能源价格为例,讨论天然气与其他可替能源在应用领域的能耗费用,分析天然气的市场竞争力。