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A fielded machine learning system for vocational counselling is presented in which learning is based on adjustments of weights on links in a network. The system exemplifies how a specific representation, consisting of weights assigned to associations between keywords, enables the effective use of machine learning algorithms for acquiring and continually refining domain knowledge. The representation is designed for coping with the types of knowledge that can be found in weak theory domains, that is, knowledge too difficult to formalize because it is incomplete or vague. Knowledge acquisition and knowledge refinement processes are automated in order to efficiently decrease the effect of unreliable knowledge caused by unknown or unspecified biases inherent in the knowledge sources. The knowledge acquisition algorithms presented here are capable of coping with incomplete and vaguely defined domain knowledge. The knowledge refinement algorithms are used on-line to enable a continuous refinement of ill-defined domain knowledge. 相似文献
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Using calf rennet or a commercial microbial rennet substitute derived from Rhizomucor miehei cheesemaking experiments were performed at laboratory and pilot scale, and at commercial scale in two industrial dairy plants during regular production. At all levels of scale, the solids transfer from milk to curd was significantly higher (0.50–1.19%) when using calf rennet. There were significant differences in levels of proteolysis during maturation and in levels of bitterness at 12 weeks of ripening between Gouda cheeses produced with calf rennet or with commercial rennet substitute at pilot and at commercial scale. 相似文献
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RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF BUTTER AT SMALL DEFORMATIONS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Thirteen continuously churned commercial butter samples were evaluated for rheological properties at small deformations. The methods performed included dynamic experiments in shear and compression, stress relaxation in shear and static compression at 5–20C each. Linear viscoelastic behaviour was observed up to a critical strain of 0.001. The structure breakdown due to shear strains between 0.001 and 0.01 was found to be fully recoverable. No qualitative differences in the rheological behaviour were observed between the samples. Temperature-induced variations were mainly ascribed to changes in the solid fat content. Correlations between selected rheological measures in the linear viscoelastic region (i.e., complex modulus G* [Pa], relaxation modulus G(t) | t ≃ 0[Pa], and modulus of deformability MD [Pa]) were found to be causal and only slightly affected by the solid fat content. 相似文献
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HARALD EIFERT HARALD LEHMBERG HERBERT PAGNIA 《International Journal of Electronics》2013,100(3):527-531
Composite metal/hard carbon films have been prepared by using metalorganic working gas mixtures in a radiofrequency driven plasma enhanced process. The film structure as observed by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction before and after heat treatment is described. Electrical conductivity versus temperature data are shown for one type of film. 相似文献
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