Protein production by Schwanniomyces castellii on starchy substrates, in liquid and solid cultivation

In a preliminary screening, several yeast species were selected among which Endomycopsis fibdigera and Schwunniomyces castellii showed a high yield when inoculated in potato or potato peel media. Both these species were found to have an elevated protein percentage and a good amino acid composition. The effect of some cultural conditions on SCP (single cell protein) production by S. castellii grown on potato medium in a pilot plant 90 1 fermenter was also investigated. Optimal conditions resulted in employing a substrate containing 80 g/l of potatoes, 5.0 8/1 of cornsteep liquor, at 28°C, with a 3% inoculum.
S. castellii and E. fibdigera were also separately inoculated in solid and semi-solid substrates (potatoes, cassava flour, stale bread, maize flour). Under laboratory and semi-pilot plant conditions, carbohydrate conversion into protein was more effective on potato and cassava flour media.     

Rectified Concentrated Grape Must: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic Substances and Hydroxymethylfurfural

The phenolic compounds extracted with ethyl acetate from 8 grape musts (5 Italian, 2 Greek, and 1 French) and from the rectified concentrated musts (RCMs) obtained from these, were analyzed. No quantifiable amount of phenolics were found by HPLC analyses of the RCMs. However, the chromatograms showed a peak that corresponded to hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). By direct analysis of the RCMs, under the same analytical conditions used for phenolic compounds the HMF content of the RCMs was determined to range from 26 to 99 mg per kg of product.     

Numerical experiments on the determination of stress concentration factors

A brief discussion of relevant applications of the finite element method is presented, and two cases of relatively high stress concentration are considered. For a slot with semi–circular ends in a plate subjected to uniaxial stress, the stress concentration factors obtained numerically, by use of the finite element method, are compared with corresponding experimental results. The case of a corrugated hole in a plate under 1:1 biaxial stress is also examined, and stress concentration factors determined using the finite element approach are compared with exact values obtained by application of Muskhelishvili's method.     

AROUSAL LEVELS AND THOUGHT PROCESSES DURING SENSORY DEPRIVATION.

BIOELECTRIC RECORDINGS AND VERBAL REPORTS OF MENTAL ACTIVITIES WERE COLLECTED FROM 10 SS DURING 6 HR. OF SENSORY DEPRIVATION. SS AND 3 EXPERTS INDEPENDENTLY RATED THE REPORTS FOR TYPE OF THOUGHT PROCESS, LEVEL OF THOUGHT ORGANIZATION, AND THEIR LEVEL OF AROUSAL DURING THE REPORT PERIOD. RESULTS INDICATE THAT SS ARE NOT HIGHLY ACCURATE RATERS FOR THE 3 CATEGORIES MENTIONED, AND THE MAJORITY OF THOUGHT DISORGANIZATIONS AND NONREALITY-ORIENTED THOUGHT PROCESSES OCCUR DURING LOW LEVELS OF AROUSAL. THE CONCLUSION REACHED IS THAT SENSORY DEPRIVATION DOES NOT DISRUPT THE NORMAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEVELS OF AROUSAL AND THOUGHT PROCESSES, BUT IN THE ABSENCE OF USUAL ENVIRONMENTAL CUES SS MAY MISINTERPRET THEIR MENTAL EXPERIENCES. (22 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Final Stage Densification in Vacuum Hot-Pressing of Alumina

The kinetics of the final stage of densification of fine-grained aluminum oxide were studied by vacuum hot-pressing between 1150° and 1350°C and from 2000 to 6000 psi. The kinetics are consistent with the Nabarro-Herring diffusional creep model. The activation energy for the final stage densification is 115 kcal/mole which agrees with the activation energy for diffusion of aluminum ions. Densification takes place by particle rearrangement and by diffusional creep. The extent of densification in the initial stage depends on the amount of sliding, fragmentation, and plastic flow. The final stage of densification takes place by diffusional creep and is controlled by aluminum ion diffusion in aluminum oxide. It is shown that gases entrapped within pores of the hot-pressed compact will produce end-point porosities. A technique is described for removing adsorbed water when it is the source of the Presented at the Fall Meeting of the Basic Science Division and the Seventeenth Pacific Coast Regional Meetings of the American Ceramic Society, San Francisco, California, October 30, 1964.     

Elastic Behavior of MgO Matrix Composites

Young's and shear moduli of MgO-pore and MgO-nickel-pore composites were measured at low concentrations of the included phases. The effect of these phases was greater than was predicted from theory. The deviation of the experimental data from theory was explained on the basis of the shape of the included phases. The Young's and shear moduli for fully dense MgO were 3060 and 1305 kbars, respectively.     

Ageing and overageing of lead–calcium alloys

Lead–calcium alloys are commonly used for their high mechanical properties, compared with pure lead. These alloys evolve quickly at room temperature and could in a few months, or years, undergo a softening (overageing). During the last decade, much research has been carried out on the subject without any unanimous results, due mainly to the diversity of the alloy's transformations and the difficulties of observation (wide range of kinetics, heterogeneity of transformations, etc.). The use of several in situ techniques developed specifically for lead alloys in our laboratories has enabled us to identify five transformations in lead–calcium alloys. The structural hardening begins by two discontinuous transformations. The first one is complete and the second one of ordering type remains incomplete. The end of the hardening is due to a thin precipitation of Pb₃Ca, which is followed by a coarsening (softening) of macroprecipitates aligned in strings. The last softening stage comes with the formation of lamellar Pb₃Ca precipitates by coalescence of the macroprecipitates.