俄罗斯电力部门水工建筑物安全科技中心的工作

俄罗斯电力部门水工建筑物安全科技中心是根据1996年12月11日俄罗斯统一电力系统股份公司和统一电力同业会联合发布的358／51号指令成立的。介绍了该科技中心的基本任务和近5a中所开展的工作。     

注凝析油开采稠油的地质工艺

在西西伯利亚俄罗斯油田开展了注凝析油开发稠油的研究，现场实验结果表明，注入25%的凝析油，可使其混合液粘度达到原高粘油粘度的1/60，以俄罗斯油田为例，探讨了注凝析油矿场试验的可行性，预测了凝析油的用量和可能产出的油量，并对原油外输提出了一系列更换工艺设备的要求。     

An intrinsic luminescence in binary lead silicate glasses

The low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) of xPbO · (1 − x)SiO₂ glasses (x = 0.20-0.75) was studied at Т = 10 K. The recorded PL-spectra are a superposition of three spectral components with maxima located at 1.8 eV (identified as Pb 6p → metal-bridging O2p radiative electron transition, the “R”-band), 2.0 eV (Pb 6p → non-bridging O2p, the “O”-band) and 2.55 eV (Pb 6p → Pb 6s, the “B”-band), respectively. It was found the essential link for “R”, “O” and “B” PL-bands with chemical composition x of the glasses under study. These concentration dependences are expressed as mutual PL-intensity variations for each recorded luminescence band that allowed to determine their origin. The shape of established dependences well coincides with numerical data on NBO- and MBO-density of chemical bonding, reported previously.The overall PL-manner within the temperature range of 10-295 K is described by an empirical Street’s law. It was shown that experimental photoluminescence quenching curves may be precisely approximated as a superposition of Mott relationships for nonequivalent luminescence centers. The obtained distribution of PL-centers on the activation energy for luminescence quenching reflects the essential donation of the low-energy states into the overall PL-process. The width of this energy distribution affects by the type of PL-emission band and the disordering degree in the arrangement of local PL-centers of a certain kind.