Generating Questions Based on Semi-Automated and End-to-End Neural Network

With the emergence of large-scale knowledge base, how to use triple information to generate natural questions is a key technology in question answering systems. The traditional way of generating questions require a lot of manual intervention and produce lots of noise. To solve these problems, we propose a joint model based on semi-automated model and End-to-End neural network to automatically generate questions. The semi-automated model can generate question templates and real questions combining the knowledge base and center graph. The End-to-End neural network directly sends the knowledge base and real questions to BiLSTM network. Meanwhile, the attention mechanism is utilized in the decoding layer, which makes the triples and generated questions more relevant. Finally, the experimental results on SimpleQuestions demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Spreading and Curing Behaviors of a Thermosetting Droplet-Silicone on a Heated Surface

Thermosetting materials are widely used as encapsulation in the electrical packaging to protect the core electronic components from external force, moisture, dust, and other factors. However, the spreading and curing behaviors of such kind of fluid on a heated surface have been rarely explored. In this study, we experimentally and numerically investigated the spreading and curing behaviors of the silicone(OE6550 A/B, which is widely used in the light-emitting diode packaging) droplet with diameter of ～2.2 mm on a heated surface with temperature ranging from 25 ℃ to 250 ℃. For the experiments, we established a setup with high-speed camera and heating unit to capture the fast spreading process of the silicone droplet on the heated surface. For the numerical simulation, we built a viscosity model of the silicone by using the Kiuna's model and combined the viscosity model with the Volume of Fluid(VOF) model by the User Defined Function(UDF) method. The results show that the surface temperature significantly affected the spreading behaviors of the silicone droplet since it determines the temperature and viscosity distribution inside the droplet. For surface temperature varied from 25 ℃ to 250 ℃, the final contact radius changed from ～2.95 mm to ～1.78 mm and the total spreading time changed from ～511 s to ～0.15 s. By further analyzing the viscosity evolution of the droplet, we found that the decreasing of the total spreading time was caused by the decrease of the viscosity under high surface temperature at initial spreading stage, while the reduction of the final contact radius was caused by the curing of the precursor film. This study supplies a strategy to tuning the spreading and curing behavior of silicone by imposing high surface temperature, which is of great importance to the electronic packaging.     

Microwave drying performance of lignite with the assistance of biomass-derived char

Microwave lignite drying with assistance of biomass-derived char was addressed and effect of bio-char on drying rate and energy consumption was investigated in this work. Effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy for the drying process were also analyzed. The results indicated the drying process was largely dependent on the variation of sample temperature. Bio-char originated from pine wood was most favorable for lignite drying, considering its better promoting effect and advanced security. There existed an optimal bio-char addition ratio for drying process at different power. The corresponding optimal ratio was 10% at 231?W and 15% at 385?W, at which the biggest drying rate and the least energy consumption were reached. It was compared lignite drying initiated at 385?W was better for energy conservation. Effective diffusivity was improved and activation energy was simultaneously reduced, with the addition of bio-char. The minimum activation energy was 15.54?W?·?g^?1, which was gained at bio-char addition ratio of 10%. The results revealed the effect of bio-char on depressing activation energy could rival that of metal-based additives. The drying process with assistance of microwave and bio-char could present technical and economical benefits on lignite upgrading.     

基于关键水平的水下采油树预防性维修决策方法

为解决电液复合水下采油树在运行过程中工作环境恶劣且复杂、系统要求可靠性高、维修难度大且费用高的问题,建立基于伽马退化过程的水下采油树组件可靠度退化模型和考虑维修花费、停产损失在内的维修成本模型,建立水下采油树系统预防性维修优化目标体系,基于多目标粒子群优化算法对维修策略进行优化。建立的模型可有效描述水下采油树系统的工作特性,最优解能够满足在低维修成本的前提下系统高可靠性的工作要求。     

Transformation of the reabsorption characteristics of lignite treated by low and high temperature drying process

Abstract

The reabsorption characteristics of the lignite treated by low and high temperature drying process were addressed in the paper. The information about the moisture form, functional groups, effective water-filled porosities and equilibrium moisture content of the lignite before and after the drying process was investigated using Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and a self-made reabsorption device, respectively. The results show that the low drying temperature (140, 190, 230?°C, 10?min, N₂) has little impact on the effective water-filled porosities of the resulted samples, whereas it has a great influence on the main oxygen-containing functional groups, which amount firstly decreases and then increases with the drying temperature increasing. In the case of the lignite samples dried under high-temperature (600, 700, 800?°C, 30?s, N₂), the amount of the effective water-filled porosity of the sample decreases and the amount of oxygen-containing functional groups increases as the temperature increasing. The reabsorption capability of the high temperature dried sample is much lower than that of the sample treated under low drying temperature. The reabsorption characteristics of the low-temperature dried samples are affected by the amount of the oxygen-containing functional groups, while the effective water-filled porosity is main factor for the lignite samples derived from high temperature drying process. Moreover, the work gives a good evidence that the high-temperature drying process is an effective choose for lignite upgrading.     

煤层气利用新方案

在介绍煤层气的常规利用方案的基础上，提出了两种利用煤层气的新方案：一是采用变压吸附技术，纯化瓦斯气，将低浓度瓦斯气浓缩为高浓度瓦斯气，加压后成为CNG，用作CNG气源或较远距离城市的天然气气源；二是在第一种方案的基础上，将高浓度瓦斯气全部采用深冷法加以液化，生产LNG，并将LNG运送至更远距离用作LNG加气站、CNG加气站气源。最后还以松藻煤电公司为例，作了新方案的工程预算     

高压对气井套管接头螺纹接触应力的影响研究

高温高压气井对螺纹密封性的要求要比油井更为严格。对于高压气井中的整个管柱,每一段处于不同的力学环境中,发生泄漏的可能性也不同,因此研究压力对气井套管接头螺纹接触应力的影响,对高压气井套管的合理使用尤为重要。利用弹塑性有限元分析方法,建立了API偏梯型螺纹套管接头的有限元模型,分析了气井压力对套管接头接触应力的影响,提供了研究压力对套管接头螺纹接触应力影响的方法。对于井口压力或井底压力超过34MPa的高压气井,应选用气密性良好的特殊螺纹接头,建议采用金属对金属的螺纹接头套管,以加强螺纹部位的连接强度和密封性能。     

天然气合成油技术发展动向

介绍了天然气合成油技术，天然气石油特征及代表性工艺过程，叙述了天然气合成油发展前景。     

压差式漏率测试仪的实验研究

将薄膜电容真空计的测量室接于被测密闭容器，静态真空室接于一个比较容器，即组成一台压差式漏率测试仪。首先使两容器压力平衡，真空计读数为零。当被测容器存在漏孔时，真空计薄膜两侧形成压差，真空计指示读数，继而计算出该容器的漏率。应用商品真空计在抽真空测试时，检测的最小可测漏率达10－4～10-5Pa·L／s；而在充压测试时，因受气体温度变化的影响，灵敏度会降低几个量级。该仪器有可能具备寻找漏孔位置和确定漏孔漏率的功能。