TENSILE FRACURE IN AN Al-Li ALLOY 8090

ＴＥＮＳＩＬＥＦＲＡＣＵＲＥＩＮＡＮＡｌ－ＬｉＡＬＬＯＹ８０９０￥Ｊｉａｎｇ，Ｄａｍｉｎｇ；Ｗａｎｇ，Ｙｉｎｏｎｇ；Ｈｏｎｇ，Ｂａｎｄｅ；Ｌｅｉ，Ｔｉｎｇｑｕａｎ（ＨａｒｂｉｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ，Ｈａｒｂｉｎ１５００８０）Ｓｕ...     

Al—Mg—Si合金显微组织及形变机制

研究了 Al-Mg-Si 系合金6063在不同时效状态下的显微组织及循环形变特性,并结合其疲劳性能和断裂特征进行了讨论。结果表明,时效条件对显微组织和形变机制有明显的影响。在UA 和 PA 状态下,组织中的时效析出物为 GP 区,形变以位错切过的方式进行,形成不均匀的平面滑移带。在 OA 状态,组织中的时效析出物为β′相,位错绕过β′相,形成均匀的位错缠结。形变特性对合金的疲劳断裂形式有明显的影响。     

EFFECT OFδ-Ni_3 Nb ON LOW CYCLE FATIGUE RACTURE OF INCONEL 718

本文研究了δ-Ni_3Nb相的尺寸及分布对Inconel718合金在650℃,恒应变控制循环应变作用下断裂行为的影响。结果表明,由高温固溶及中间时效造成的δ相沿晶界的锯齿状分布,可以提高材料对裂纹沿晶扩展的抗力,使低周疲劳断口由标准工艺处理后的沿晶型转变为穿晶。但是,与形成锯齿晶界的工艺相伴随的,δ相在晶内沿孪晶界面及贯穿晶粒的粗大片状析出,降低材料对循环应变的适应能力,常常过早地在δ相与基体界面处形成微孔甚至界面分离,使材料疲劳寿命降低。     

A transesophageal Doppler echo-color study of pulmonary venous flow before and after the correction of valvular defects

AIM OF THE STUDY: To verify changes of pulmonary venous flow pattern before and after surgical or percutaneous correction of valvular heart disease. METHODS: The pulmonary venous flow pattern was studied by transesophageal echocardiography in 27 patients affected with heart valve disease (11 mitral insufficiency, 10 mitral stenosis, 2 aortic stenosis and 4 pulmonary stenosis), before and after surgical or percutaneous correction. Pulmonary venous flow velocity variables measured included peak systolic and diastolic flow velocities (VmaxS and VmaxD), systolic and diastolic velocity time integrals (IS and ID) and their respective ratios (VmaxS/VmaxD and IS/ID). Paired Student's t-test was used for analysis of data; a p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: In mitral stenosis and insufficiency, as well as in pulmonary stenosis, the VmaxS/VmaxD and IS/ID ratios were constantly < 1. Aortic stenosis, on the contrary, showed a normal preoperative pattern of pulmonary venous flow, which did not change after correction. All other successful corrections (17 surgeries, 4 angioplasties) were characterised by an increase of VmaxS/VmaxD and IS/ID ratios. (Mitral stenosis: VmaxS/VmaxD 0.80 +/- 0.31 vs 1.4 +/- 0.5, p = 0.006; IS/ID 0.86 +/- 0.77 vs 1.62 +/- 0.62, p = 0.016. Severe mitral insufficiency: VmaxS/VmaxD -0.71 +/- 0.32 vs 1.19 +/- 0.32, p < 0.0001; IS/ID 0.41 +/- 0.19 vs 1.04 +/- 0.31, p = 0.006. Moderate mitral insufficiency: VmaxS/Vmax D 0.38 +/- 0.04 vs 0.95 +/- 0.06, p = 0.001; IS/ID 0.32 +/- 0.05 vs 0.95 +/- 0.07, p = 0.02. Pulmonary stenosis: VmaxS/VmaxD 0.43 +/- 0.23 vs 1.09 +/- 0.35, n.s. e IS/ID 0.49 +/- 0.34 vs 0.92 +/- 0.65, n.s.). Failure to return to a normal pulmonary venous pattern was observed in the 2 cases of partially successful mitral valvuloplasty (one of which was subsequently transformed into a mitral valve replacement with immediate normalisation of the pattern) and in the 2 cases of incomplete relief of a pulmonary stenosis after pulmonary valvuloplasty. CONCLUSIONS: Though preliminary, these observations suggest a high sensitivity of this method and, therefore, a possible role of pulmonary venous pattern studies in the assessment of the efficacy of treatment in mitral and pulmonary valve disease.     

Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O系高温超导体结构的电子显微镜研究

本文用透射电子显微术和 EDAX 对 Bi 系超导体的成份和晶体结构进行了分析研究。结果表明该 Bi 系超导体中存在 a=b=5.41(?)c=24.21(?)四方结构超导相,为改进成份、热处理工艺提供了依据。     

Brown的Φ(ρZ)函数在EDS无标样定量分析中的应用

本文把Brown的Φ(ρz)表达式用于Russ的直接无标样定量计算中,代替了常规的Z、A校正模型(即Ducomb—Reed的原子序数校正模型和Philibert的吸收校正模型。在一些二元合金特别是轻金属二元合金的测试中,取得了较好的效果,而且对其分析精度及Z、A校正因子与加速电压的关系进行了探讨。     

合金成分及弥散相对Al—Mg—Si合金疲劳断口形貌的影响

本文研究了两种合金成分及弥散相含量不同的Al-Mg-Si合金,在不同时效状态下的疲劳断裂行为。结果表明,弥散相对不同时效状态合金的疲劳断裂行为有明显的影响。弥散相通过影响合金的形变均匀性来改变合金的疲劳断裂方式,弥散相本身在疲劳循环应力作用下也与基体界面发生分离。