Streamflow Simulation by SWAT Using Different Precipitation Sources in Large Arid Basins with Scarce Raingauges

Streamflow from the mountains is the main source of water for the lower plain in arid regions. Accurate simulation of streamflow is of great importance to the arid ecosystem. However, many large arid drainage basins in northwestern China have low density of precipitation stations, which makes the streamflow modeling and prediction very difficult. Based on raingauge data and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data combined with raingauge data, different approaches were explored for spatializing precipitation in large area with scarce raingauges. Spatialized precipitation was then input into Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a semi-distributed hydrological model, to simulate streamflow. Results from a case study in the Manas river basin showed that simulated hydrographs using both the approaches are able to reproduce the watershed hydrological behavior. Moreover, statistical assessment indicated that hydrological model driven by the spatialized precipitation based on radar combined with raingauge data performed better than that based on gauge data. Radar precipitation estimator can provide a practical data source for hydrological modeling at a basin scale where the raingauge network is sparse.     

Plant algae method for arsenic removal from arsenic contaminated groundwater

Field studies were carried out in Urumqi River Basin in Northwest China. The study focused on experimentation on a plant algae method that was tested by taking various water chemistries into consideration. The results from a greenhouse experiment evaluated for four doses of P (0, 100, 200, and 300 μmol/L) using two ferns (30 and 60 day old) on 15 L of contaminated groundwater per plant revealed that the biomass of 30-day old ferns gained was higher than 60-day fern. As solution-P increased from 0 to 450 μmol/L, Phosphorus concentration in the fronds increased from 1.9 to 3.9 mg/kg and 1.95 to 4.0 mg/kg for 30-d and 60-d ferns respectively. This study showed that the plant algae method may be a good solution to maximize arsenic uptake in the short term under normal climatic conditions.     

毫米波通信二维有源相控阵天线简

本文围绕瓦式毫米波通信二维有源相控阵天线的总体架构、关键技术和实现途径等展开设计,在简要介绍国外相关技术和其它有关案例基础上,根据总体设计出发提出瓦式相控阵天线的设想,包含模块组成及技术实现的途径,有一定的实际可操作性,当然很多详细设计需专题仿真,但设计思想可作为未来小型化高集成的瓦式二维毫米波相控阵天线技术的尝试。     

Elongation distribution between tension leveler and temper mill for pickling line 2030 in Baosteel

Research into plate elongation distribution between the tension leveler and temper mill for pickling line 2030 at Baosteel is conducted. The study, which involved performance testing of mechanics, is designed at different elongation distributions and analyzed from many aspects. Finally, the optimal elongation of the tension leveler and temper mill is given. __________ Translated from Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2005, 27(5): 609–612 [译自: 北京科技大学学报]     

铁磁材料零件疲劳损伤磁记忆检测方法的实验

通过对优质碳素钢做疲劳拉伸实验,研究在交变应力作用下,铁磁材料的表面磁场强度垂直分量的变化.实验研究表明:磁场强度垂直分量过零点不能完全表征应力集中位置.磁场强度梯度的变化与疲劳循环次数有一定关系.随着加载及应力循环次数的增加,沿试件轴线方向各点的磁场强度出现一定的规律性变化,前期各点变化趋势基本一致,当试件出现微小裂纹时,以裂纹点为分界出现相向变化,在远离裂纹的测点也存在同样的趋势.扩展成宏观裂纹时,裂纹处及端面达到磁饱和状态,产生较强的漏磁场,磁场强度在裂纹两侧出现正负两个区域,出现过零点.     

高硅碳比特种耐磨铸铁的研究

研究了一种用于研磨轴承钢球的新型耐磨材料。通过正交试验方法,模索了Si/C,Cr％,Cu％,B％等因素对金相组织、断面敏感性、珠光体和碳化物显微硬度,以及布氏硬度的影响规律,并对其结果从理论方面进行了分析讨论。磨损试验表明,这种新型材料的耐磨性能比原材质提高3～6倍。     

A Sequentially Triggered Nanosystem for Precise Drug Delivery and Simultaneous Inhibition of Cancer Growth,Migration, and Invasion

The rational design of cancer‐targeted and bioresponsive drug delivery vehicles can enhance the anticancer efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutics and reduce their adverse side effects. However, the complexity of precise delivery and the ability to trigger drug release in specific tumor sites remain a challenging puzzle. Here, a sequentially triggered nanosystem composed of HER2 antibody with disulfide linkage as a surface decorator (HER2@NPs) is constructed for precise drug delivery and the simultaneous inhibition of cancer growth, migration, and invasion. The nanosystem actively accumulates in cancer cells, undergoes self‐immolative cleavage in response to biological thiols, and is degraded to form small nanoparticles. After internalization by receptor‐mediated endocytosis, the nanoparticles further disassemble under acidic conditions in the presence of lysozymes and cell lysates, leading to sequentially triggered drug release. The released payload triggers overproduction of reactive oxygen species and activates p53 and MAPKs pathways to induce cancer cell apoptosis. Moreover, HER2@NPs markedly suppress the migration and invasion of human bladder cancer cells at nontoxic concentrations. HER2@NPs demonstrate potent in vivo anticancer efficacy, but show no obvious histological damage to the major organs. Taken together, this study provides a valid tactic for the rational design of sequentially triggered nanosystems for precise drug delivery and cancer therapy.     

彩色面阵CCD在物体表面温度检测中的研究

对测温系统中的光学模型进行讨论确定了像点与物空间的对应关系;结合CCD工作原理和光学系统光辐射度的分析,建立了CCD产生的信号和物体表面辐射量的关系式;对彩色CCD比色法测温的误差进行了计算比较,得出了由红色和蓝色亮度计算温度场的结论.     

基于图像的圆盘剪侧隙和重合量测量技术

介绍了一种圆盘剪侧隙和重合量的检测方法，针对检测对象的位置及成像特点，采用Canny算子边缘提取法得到检测边缘，具有精度高、算法快的特点，以此开发了相应的检测系统，应用于生产线上，满足了生产检测需求，提高了生产效率。     

Sensitivity of the Red River Basin Flood Protection System to Climate Variability and Change

An original modeling framework for assessment of climate variation and change impacts on the performance of complex flood protection system has been implemented in the evaluation of the impact of climate variability and change on the reliability, vulnerability and resiliency of the Red River Basin flood protection system (Manitoba, Canada). The modeling framework allows for an evaluation of different climate change scenarios generated by the global climate models. Temperature and precipitation are used as the main factors affecting flood flow generation. System dynamics modeling approach proved to be of great value in the development of system performance assessment model. The most important impact of climate variability and change on hydrologic processes is reflected in the change of flood patterns: flood starting time, peak value and timing. The results show increase in the annual precipitation and the annual streamflow volume in the Red River basin under the future climate change scenarios. Most of the floods generated using three different climate models had an earlier starting time and peak time. The assessment of the performance of Red River flood protection system is based on the flood flows, the capacity of flood control structures and failure flow levels at different locations in the basin. In the Assiniboine River Basin, higher reliabilities at downstream locations are obtained indicating that Shellmouth reservoir plays an important role in reducing downstream flooding. However, a different trend was identified in the Red River Basin. The study results show that flood protection capacity of the Red River infrastructure is sufficient under low reliability criteria but may not be sufficient under high reliability criteria.