手持设备设计的发展趋势

随着移动终端系统功能的持续增加,全球范围内的无线标准/接入技术不断面世,手持设备设计人员正面对着全新的需求。与手机设计中体积、功能不断下降的需求相比,他们现在面对的更大挑战是,用户希望在终端系统内纳入更多无线标准,从而达到永远适用,以及具有高成本效益和高连接性的     

技术发展为未来手机铺路

预计到2009年,大部分移动终端系统都将配备各式各样的无线存取技术,用以处理多媒体信息。要为这种发展趋势作好准备,业界就必须从现在开始积极创新无线频射(RF)设计。     

Alfred Stieglitz's apples

Abstract

I have long been astonished by the silliness of Stieglitz's photographs of women with apples, despite the desperate attempts to suggest that somehow they prove him as American as apple pie. Coming across Erika and Fritz Kempe's Die Kunst der Camera im Jugendstil (Frankfurt: Umschau 1986), an excellent piece of pictorialist sourcehunting, I suddenly realized from Theodor and Oskar Hofmeister's ‘Apfelemte’ (1897) that Stieglitz was drawing upon a stock subject from German genre painting (see pl. 129). The inanities of O'Keeffe with a basket of apples next to her head and Engelhard awkwardly clutching apples to her body are just two attempts by Stieglitz to submit the two Georgias to generic fantasy.     

Cooking DNA: the effect of ‘domestic’ cooking methods on detection of GM potato

The ability to detect GM material in otherwise unprocessed foods cooked using domestic methods is important should ‘ready‐to‐eat’ foods require labelling. This study addresses the issue of DNA degradation in foods as a result of cooking. A number of ‘domestic’ cooking methods were shown to affect the length of DNA sequences able to be PCR amplified from potato samples and the degree of degradation was treatment‐specific. However, a. real‐time PCR assay was developed and. GM material was positively identified in all cooked GM potato samples. This confirms that GM material should be able to be detected in otherwise unprocessed food samples cooked using domestic methods, even if the cooking process has partially degraded the DNA. Results indicate, however, that there may be implications of the cooking process on the ability to accurately quantify GM content in some cooked samples.     

BioViews: Java-based tools for genomic data visualization

Visualization tools for bioinformatics ideally should provide universal access to the most current data in an interactive and intuitive graphical user interface. Since the introduction of Java, a language designed for distributed programming over the Web, the technology now exists to build a genomic data visualization tool that meets these requirements. Using Java we have developed a prototype genome browser applet (BioViews) that incorporates a three-level graphical view of genomic data: a physical map, an annotated sequence map, and a DNA sequence display. Annotated biological features are displayed on the physical and sequence-based maps, and the different views are interconnected. The applet is linked to several databases and can retrieve features and display hyperlinked textual data on selected features. In addition to browsing genomic data, different types of analyses can be performed interactively and the results of these analyses visualized alongside prior annotations. Our genome browser is built on top of extensible, reusable graphic components specifically designed for bioinformatics. Other groups can (and do) reuse this work in various ways. Genome centers can reuse large parts of the genome browser with minor modifications, bioinformatics groups working on sequence analysis can reuse components to build front ends for analysis programs, and biology laboratories can reuse components to publish results as dynamic Web documents.     

Assessing the antiproliferative effect of biogenic silver chloride nanoparticles on glioblastoma cell lines by quantitative image‐based analysis

Glioblastoma is the most life‐threatening tumour of the central nervous system. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first‐choice oral drug for the treatment of glioblastoma, although it shows low efficacy. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been shown to exhibit biocidal activity in a variety of microorganisms, including some pathogenic microorganisms. Herein, the antiproliferative effect of AgCl‐NPs on glioblastoma cell lines (GBM02 and GBM11) and on astrocytes was evaluated through automated quantitative image‐based analysis (HCA) of the cells. The cells were treated with 0.1‐5.0 μg/ml AgCl‐NPs or with 9.7‐48.5 μg/ml TMZ. Cells that received combined treatment were also analysed. At a maximum tested concentration of AgCl‐NPs, GBM02 and GBM11, the growth decreased by 93% and 40%, respectively, following 72 h of treatment. TMZ treatment decreased the proliferation of GBM02 and GBM11 cells by 58% and 34%, respectively. Combinations of AgCl‐NPs and TMZ showed intermediate antiproliferative effects; the lowest concentrations caused an inhibition similar to that obtained with TMZ, and the highest concentrations caused inhibition similar to that obtained with AgCl‐NPs alone. No significant changes in astrocyte proliferation were observed. The authors’ findings showed that HCA is a fast and reliable approach that can be used to evaluate the antiproliferative effect of the nanoparticles at the single‐cell level and that AgCl‐NPs are promising agents for glioblastoma treatment.     

Standardized measures of alcohol-related problems: A review of their use among college students.

College students' alcohol consumption has received considerable attention in the scientific literature and the media for its impact on students and the college community. Misuse of alcohol can lead to a wide range of consequences, the most severe being alcohol abuse, dependence, and death. Researchers have struggled to develop effective methods to assess problems related to alcohol, and the literature on college drinking lacks a strong theoretical framework for such assessment. The authors contend that measures of alcohol-related problems for college students should assess specific dimensions pertaining to 3 main domains: alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, and what the authors define as risky drinking. The authors examined how existing measures fit into this model. In a comprehensive review of the college literature, the authors identified 9 measures (and their revised versions) assessing alcohol-related problems. Their analysis revealed that most measures do not assess comprehensively the domains outlined, and instead provide only partial assessments of the potential consequences of drinking for college students. The authors include directions for future research so that measurement of drinking consequences for college students can be refined. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Verbal pragmatics following unilateral stroke: Emotional content and valence.

Verbal pragmatic aspects of discourse production were examined in 16 right brain-damaged (RBD), 16 left brain-damaged (LBD), and 16 normal control right-handed adults. The facilitation effect of emotional content, valence hypothesis, and relationship between pragmatics and emotion were evaluated. Participants produced monologues while recollecting emotional and nonemotional experiences. Transcribed monologues were rated for appropriateness on 6 pragmatic features: conciseness, lexical selection, quantity, relevancy, specificity, and topic maintenance. Overall, brain-damaged groups were rated as significantly less appropriate than normals. Consistent with the facilitation effect, emotional content enhanced pragmatic performance of LBD aphasic participants yet suppressed performance of RBD participants. Contrary to the valence hypothesis, RBD participants were more impaired for positive emotions and LBD participants for negative emotions. Pragmatic appropriateness was not strongly correlated with a measure of emotional intensity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)