Modification of nano-TiO2 by Al2O3 in-situ coating

A novel technology of in-situ coating Al2O3 on the surface of H4TiO4 was developed to prevent the aggregation of nano-TiO2 powders and improve the dispersibility and thermal stability in the way of forming a uniform coating layer. The heterogeneous nucleation was conducted to prepare the precursor of nano-TiO2 and then Al2O3 was coated on the surface of precursor. The effects of Al2O3 in-situ coating on the properties of nano-TiO2 were investigated. The results show that H4 TiO4 can be dispersed well under alkaline condition （pH 8. 5） and the heterogeneous nucleation can be controlled easily. The optimized uniform coating layer is obtained by adding 5 % （mass fraction ） and 10% of Al2O3 and the aggregation of nano-TiO2 powders is effectively inhibited and the dispersibility is obviously improved. The crystal sizes of TiO2 powders are 12.3, 11.4 and 8. 7 nm after coating 0, 5% and 10% of Al2O3 respectively. Al2O3 on the surface of particulates in amorphous phase could increase the thermal stability of nano-partieles after calcined at 550℃.     

造纸黑液综合治理的研究进展

造纸废水污染十分严重,其综合治理一直是国内外造纸工业和环保界的研究热点。作者对近几十年国内外造纸废水,尤其是造纸黑液治理的方法,如黑液碱回收法、酸析法、絮凝法、膜分离法、生物法、氧化法等进行了详细评述．认为生物法是解决我国造纸工业水污染的最终出路。同时首次提出将超临界水氧化技术应用于造纸黑液的治理,具有潜在的可行性和十分重大的意义。     

细晶钨合金的绝热剪切敏感性

采用粉末冶金法制备平均晶粒度<5μm细晶90W-Ni-Fe含金.利用HOPKINSON压杆装置,分别在0.9 MPa和1.4 MPa的冲击气压条件下对该合金进行一维应力冲击实验,并对冲击后的样品进行金相组织观测,考察其在一维应力冲击条件下的绝热剪切性能,分析细晶钨合金的绝热剪切敏感性.研究表明:晶粒细化有助于绝热剪切带的扩展,可以提高钨合金绝热剪切敏感性,使得烧结态细晶钨合金在一维冲击应力加载条件下就可以产生绝热剪切带.随着冲击(加载)气压的加大,绝热剪切现象更明显,冲击气压为1.4 MPa时剪切带宽度约为10μm,从而有助于材料在动态压缩条件下产生绝热剪切破坏,提高材料在穿甲过程中的"自锐"能力.     

聚合物分散剂对纳米TiO_2水悬浮液分散稳定性的影响

纳米TiO2复合乳胶漆的制备一般要求预先分散纳米TiO2并制成水悬浮液。为了制备稳定分散的纳米TiO2水悬浮液,研究了乳胶漆中常用的分散剂SN5040和PEG对纳米TiO2在水溶液中分散稳定性的影响,并分析了分散剂的作用机理。实验结果表明:SN5040能有效分散纳米TiO2,按照先SN5040后PEG的方式添加一定比例的混合分散剂,PEG能在SN5040吸附层上嵌入式吸附,显著提高了纳米TiO2的Zeta电位值,更有利于纳米TiO2水悬浮液的分散稳定性。红外光谱分析(FT-IR)表明:SN5040主要是通过与表面裸露的Ti4+形成配位键而吸附到纳米TiO2粒子表面上的。     

一种制备W-Cu复合材料的新工艺

随着微电子信息技术的发展,W-Cu复合材料被用作基片、连接件和散热元件等热沉材料,因而具有更广泛的用途.采用喷雾干燥-氢还原法制备了W-10Cu、W-15Cu和W-20Cu(Cu的质量分数依次为10%、15%和20%)超细钨铜复合粉,并经过成形和烧结制得W-15Cu合金,测量了烧结后的合金导热性能.结果表明,在一定的还原条件下,可以获得粒度细小、氧含量低、钨铜复合均匀的W-Cu复合粉末;W-15Cu合金的相对密度可以达到99.34%,结构组织高度均匀、一致,热导率为184.0 W/m·K,已达到其做为热沉材料的热性能要求.     

Preparation of titanium dioxide/silver sulfate powder and its antibacterial activity

Antibacterial powders of titanium dioxide/silver sulfate were produced by heat-treatment of the metatitanic acid, as precursor, into which the silver nitrate was added. The influences of heating temperature on the structure and composition of the product were investigated through XRD and SEM. The results show that the powder is spherical in the phase of TiO2-Ag2 SO4. The granularity of the particles increases from 10.7 nm to 28.7 nm with the temperature of heat-treatment increasing from 300 ℃ to 800 ℃. The antibacterial activity of the powder was judged in the way of the minimum inhibitory contents (MiCs). When the content of silver sulfate is less than 2%, the photocatalysis of titanium dioxide and silver ions cooperate to kill bacteria. And the MiCs decrease and keep around 1.0× 10-4- 1.5 × 10-4 constantly with the increase of silver content. Furthermore, the MiCs decrease with the increase of temperature of heat-treatment when the temperature is lower than 500 ℃. But when the temperature is beyond 600 ℃ the MiCs increase quickly, which shows the inferior antibacterial performance.     

载银二氧化钛光催化杀菌性能的研究

以偏钛酸为前驱体,浸渍一定浓度的硝酸银溶液,用热沉积法制备出载银二氧化钛。用XRD测定载银二氧化钛的结构,扫描电镜观测形貌,研究了载银量、光强、二氧化钛浓度、细菌浓度对光催化杀菌的影响。结果表明:制备的粉体为超细锐钛矿型二氧化钛,颗粒为均匀的类球形,粒度约为100～200nm。在二氧化钛颗粒上负载约1.6%的银可以扩展光源利用范围至可见光,光催化作用与银协同杀菌;但银量过高,则主要体现银的杀菌效果。光强增加,杀菌效果提高;二氧化钛的浓度为1.5g/L时杀菌效果最好;细菌浓度低于106细胞/mL时,载银二氧化钛杀菌率可以达到90%以上。